3 * Handling of symmetric keysets
5 * (c) 2001 Straylight/Edgeware
8 /*----- Licensing notice --------------------------------------------------*
10 * This file is part of Trivial IP Encryption (TrIPE).
12 * TrIPE is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
13 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
14 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
15 * (at your option) any later version.
17 * TrIPE is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
18 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
19 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
20 * GNU General Public License for more details.
22 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
23 * along with TrIPE; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
24 * Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
27 /*----- Header files ------------------------------------------------------*/
31 /*----- Handy macros ------------------------------------------------------*/
33 #define KEYOK(ks, now) ((ks)->sz_exp > 0 && (ks)->t_exp > now)
35 /*----- Low-level packet encryption and decryption ------------------------*/
37 /* --- Encrypted data format --- *
39 * Let %$p_i$% be the %$i$%-th plaintext message, with type %$t$%. We first
42 * %$c_i = \mathcal{E}\textrm{-CBC}_{K_{\text{E}}}(p_i)$%
44 * as the CBC-ciphertext of %$p_i$%, and then
46 * %$\sigma_i = \mathcal{T}_{K_{\text{M}}}(t, i, c_i)$%
48 * as a MAC on the %%\emph{ciphertext}%%. The message sent is then the pair
49 * %$(\sigma_i, c_i)$%. This construction is provably secure in the NM-CCA
50 * sense (assuming that the cipher is IND-CPA, and the MAC is SUF-CMA)
51 * [Bellare and Namprempre].
53 * This also ensures that, assuming the key is good, we have a secure channel
54 * [Krawczyk]. Actually, [Krawczyk] shows that, if the cipher is either a
55 * simple stream cipher or a block cipher in CBC mode, we can use the MAC-
56 * then-encrypt scheme and still have a secure channel. However, I like the
57 * NM-CCA guarantee from [Bellare and Namprempre]. I'm less worried about
58 * the Horton Principle [Wagner and Schneier].
61 /* --- @doencrypt@ --- *
63 * Arguments: @keyset *ks@ = pointer to keyset to use
64 * @unsigned ty@ = type of message this is
65 * @buf *b@ = pointer to an input buffer
66 * @buf *bb@ = pointer to an output buffer
68 * Returns: Zero if OK; @KSERR_REGEN@ if it's time to generate new keys.
69 * Also returns zero if there was insufficient buffer space, but
70 * the buffer is broken in this case.
72 * Use: Encrypts a message with the given key. We assume that the
73 * keyset is OK to use.
76 static int doencrypt(keyset
*ks
, unsigned ty
, buf
*b
, buf
*bb
)
82 /* --- Initial tracing --- */
84 IF_TRACING(T_KEYSET
, {
86 "keyset: encrypting packet %lu (type %u) using keyset %u",
87 (unsigned long)ks
->oseq
, ty
, ks
->seq
);
88 trace_block(T_CRYPTO
, "crypto: plaintext packet", BCUR(b
), sz
);
91 /* --- Apply the bulk-crypto transformation --- */
93 rc
= ks
->bulk
->encrypt(ks
, ty
, b
, bb
);
94 if (rc
|| !BOK(bb
)) return (rc
);
96 /* --- Do the necessary accounting for data volume --- */
99 nsz
= osz
> sz ? osz
- sz
: 0;
100 if (osz
>= ks
->sz_regen
&& ks
->sz_regen
> nsz
) {
101 T( trace(T_KEYSET
, "keyset: keyset %u data regen limit exceeded -- "
102 "forcing exchange", ks
->seq
); )
107 /* --- We're done --- */
112 /* --- @dodecrypt@ --- *
114 * Arguments: @keyset *ks@ = pointer to keyset to use
115 * @unsigned ty@ = expected type code
116 * @buf *b@ = pointer to an input buffer
117 * @buf *bb@ = pointer to an output buffer
118 * @uint32 *seq@ = where to store the sequence number
120 * Returns: Zero on success; @KSERR_DECRYPT@ on failure.
122 * Use: Attempts to decrypt a message with the given key. No other
123 * checking (e.g., sequence number checks) is performed. We
124 * assume that the keyset is OK to use, and that there is
125 * sufficient output buffer space reserved. If the decryption
126 * is successful, the buffer pointer is moved past the decrypted
127 * packet, and the packet's sequence number is stored in @*seq@.
130 static int dodecrypt(keyset
*ks
, unsigned ty
, buf
*b
, buf
*bb
, uint32
*seq
)
132 const octet
*q
= BCUR(bb
);
135 IF_TRACING(T_KEYSET
, {
137 "keyset: try decrypting packet (type %u) using keyset %u",
139 trace_block(T_CRYPTO
, "crypto: ciphertext packet", BCUR(b
), BLEFT(b
));
142 rc
= ks
->bulk
->decrypt(ks
, ty
, b
, bb
, seq
);
145 IF_TRACING(T_KEYSET
, {
146 trace(T_KEYSET
, "keyset: decrypted OK (sequence = %lu)",
147 (unsigned long)*seq
);
148 trace_block(T_CRYPTO
, "crypto: decrypted packet", q
, BCUR(bb
) - q
);
153 /*----- Operations on a single keyset -------------------------------------*/
155 /* --- @ks_drop@ --- *
157 * Arguments: @keyset *ks@ = pointer to a keyset
161 * Use: Decrements a keyset's reference counter. If the counter hits
162 * zero, the keyset is freed.
165 void ks_drop(keyset
*ks
)
170 #define DROP(dir, a, drop) do { if (ks->dir.a) drop(ks->dir.a); } while (0)
171 #define DROP_DIR(dir) do { \
172 DROP(dir, c, GC_DESTROY); \
173 DROP(dir, m, GM_DESTROY); \
185 /* --- @ks_gen@ --- *
187 * Arguments: @const void *k@ = pointer to key material
188 * @size_t x, y, z@ = offsets into key material (see below)
189 * @peer *p@ = pointer to peer information
191 * Returns: A pointer to the new keyset.
193 * Use: Derives a new keyset from the given key material. The
194 * offsets @x@, @y@ and @z@ separate the key material into three
195 * parts. Between the @k@ and @k + x@ is `my' contribution to
196 * the key material; between @k + x@ and @k + y@ is `your'
197 * contribution; and between @k + y@ and @k + z@ is a shared
198 * value we made together. These are used to construct two
199 * pairs of symmetric keys. Each pair consists of an encryption
200 * key and a message authentication key. One pair is used for
201 * outgoing messages, the other for incoming messages.
203 * The new key is marked so that it won't be selected for output
204 * by @ksl_encrypt@. You can still encrypt data with it by
205 * calling @ks_encrypt@ directly.
208 static void gen_dir(const algswitch
*algs
, struct ksdir
*ksd
,
209 const char *whichdir
,
210 const octet
*from
, size_t fromsz
,
211 const octet
*to
, size_t tosz
,
212 const octet
*both
, size_t bothsz
)
214 #define SETKEY(what, a, init) do { \
221 _h = GH_INIT(algs->h); \
222 HASH_STRING(_h, "tripe-" what); \
223 GH_HASH(_h, from, fromsz); \
224 GH_HASH(_h, to, tosz); \
225 GH_HASH(_h, both, bothsz); \
226 _hh = GH_DONE(_h, 0); \
227 IF_TRACING(T_KEYSET, { IF_TRACING(T_CRYPTO, { \
229 sprintf(_buf, "crypto: %s key " what, whichdir); \
230 trace_block(T_CRYPTO, _buf, _hh, algs->a##ksz); \
232 ksd->a = init(algs->a, _hh, algs->a##ksz); \
237 SETKEY("encryption", c
, GC_INIT
);
238 SETKEY("integrity", m
, GM_KEY
);
239 SETKEY("blkc", b
, GC_INIT
);
244 keyset
*ks_gen(const void *k
, size_t x
, size_t y
, size_t z
, peer
*p
)
246 keyset
*ks
= CREATE(keyset
);
247 time_t now
= time(0);
249 const algswitch
*algs
= &p
->kx
.kpriv
->algs
;
250 T( static unsigned seq
= 0; )
252 T( trace(T_KEYSET
, "keyset: adding new keyset %u", seq
); )
254 gen_dir(algs
, &ks
->in
, "incoming", pp
, x
, pp
+ x
, y
- x
, pp
+ y
, z
- y
);
255 gen_dir(algs
, &ks
->out
, "outgoing", pp
+ x
, y
- x
, pp
, x
, pp
+ y
, z
- y
);
257 T( ks
->seq
= seq
++; )
258 ks
->bulk
= algs
->bulk
;
260 ks
->t_exp
= now
+ T_EXP
;
261 ks
->sz_exp
= algs
->expsz
;
262 ks
->sz_regen
= algs
->expsz
/2;
264 seq_reset(&ks
->iseq
);
268 ks
->tagsz
= algs
->tagsz
;
272 /* --- @ks_activate@ --- *
274 * Arguments: @keyset *ks@ = pointer to a keyset
278 * Use: Activates a keyset, so that it can be used for encrypting
282 void ks_activate(keyset
*ks
)
284 if (ks
->f
& KSF_LISTEN
) {
285 T( trace(T_KEYSET
, "keyset: activating keyset %u", ks
->seq
); )
286 ks
->f
&= ~KSF_LISTEN
;
290 /* --- @ks_encrypt@ --- *
292 * Arguments: @keyset *ks@ = pointer to a keyset
293 * @unsigned ty@ = message type
294 * @buf *b@ = pointer to input buffer
295 * @buf *bb@ = pointer to output buffer
297 * Returns: Zero if successful; @KSERR_REGEN@ if we should negotiate a
298 * new key; @KSERR_NOKEYS@ if the key is not usable. Also
299 * returns zero if there was insufficient buffer (but the output
300 * buffer is broken in this case).
302 * Use: Encrypts a block of data using the key. Note that the `key
303 * ought to be replaced' notification is only ever given once
304 * for each key. Also note that this call forces a keyset to be
305 * used even if it's marked as not for data output.
307 * The encryption transform is permitted to corrupt @buf_u@ for
308 * its own purposes. Neither the source nor destination should
309 * be within @buf_u@; and callers mustn't expect anything stored
310 * in @buf_u@ to still
313 int ks_encrypt(keyset
*ks
, unsigned ty
, buf
*b
, buf
*bb
)
315 time_t now
= time(0);
317 if (!KEYOK(ks
, now
)) {
319 return (KSERR_NOKEYS
);
321 return (doencrypt(ks
, ty
, b
, bb
));
324 /* --- @ks_decrypt@ --- *
326 * Arguments: @keyset *ks@ = pointer to a keyset
327 * @unsigned ty@ = expected type code
328 * @buf *b@ = pointer to an input buffer
329 * @buf *bb@ = pointer to an output buffer
331 * Returns: Zero on success; @KSERR_...@ on failure. Also returns
332 * zero if there was insufficient buffer (but the output buffer
333 * is broken in this case).
335 * Use: Attempts to decrypt a message using a given key. Note that
336 * requesting decryption with a key directly won't clear a
337 * marking that it's not for encryption.
339 * The decryption transform is permitted to corrupt @buf_u@ for
340 * its own purposes. Neither the source nor destination should
341 * be within @buf_u@; and callers mustn't expect anything stored
342 * in @buf_u@ to still
345 int ks_decrypt(keyset
*ks
, unsigned ty
, buf
*b
, buf
*bb
)
347 time_t now
= time(0);
351 if (!KEYOK(ks
, now
)) return (KSERR_DECRYPT
);
352 if (buf_ensure(bb
, BLEN(b
))) return (0);
353 if ((err
= dodecrypt(ks
, ty
, b
, bb
, &seq
)) != 0) return (err
);
354 if (seq_check(&ks
->iseq
, seq
, "SYMM")) return (KSERR_SEQ
);
358 /*----- Keyset list handling ----------------------------------------------*/
360 /* --- @ksl_free@ --- *
362 * Arguments: @keyset **ksroot@ = pointer to keyset list head
366 * Use: Frees (releases references to) all of the keys in a keyset.
369 void ksl_free(keyset
**ksroot
)
372 for (ks
= *ksroot
; ks
; ks
= ksn
) {
379 /* --- @ksl_link@ --- *
381 * Arguments: @keyset **ksroot@ = pointer to keyset list head
382 * @keyset *ks@ = pointer to a keyset
386 * Use: Links a keyset into a list. A keyset can only be on one list
387 * at a time. Bad things happen otherwise.
390 void ksl_link(keyset
**ksroot
, keyset
*ks
)
392 assert(!(ks
->f
& KSF_LINK
));
399 /* --- @ksl_prune@ --- *
401 * Arguments: @keyset **ksroot@ = pointer to keyset list head
405 * Use: Prunes the keyset list by removing keys which mustn't be used
409 void ksl_prune(keyset
**ksroot
)
411 time_t now
= time(0);
414 keyset
*ks
= *ksroot
;
416 if (ks
->t_exp
<= now
) {
417 T( trace(T_KEYSET
, "keyset: expiring keyset %u (time limit reached)",
420 } else if (ks
->sz_exp
== 0) {
421 T( trace(T_KEYSET
, "keyset: expiring keyset %u (data limit reached)",
436 /* --- @ksl_encrypt@ --- *
438 * Arguments: @keyset **ksroot@ = pointer to keyset list head
439 * @unsigned ty@ = message type
440 * @buf *b@ = pointer to input buffer
441 * @buf *bb@ = pointer to output buffer
443 * Returns: Zero if successful; @KSERR_REGEN@ if it's time to negotiate a
444 * new key; @KSERR_NOKEYS@ if there are no suitable keys
445 * available. Also returns zero if there was insufficient
446 * buffer space (but the output buffer is broken in this case).
448 * Use: Encrypts a packet.
451 int ksl_encrypt(keyset
**ksroot
, unsigned ty
, buf
*b
, buf
*bb
)
453 time_t now
= time(0);
454 keyset
*ks
= *ksroot
;
458 T( trace(T_KEYSET
, "keyset: no suitable keysets found"); )
460 return (KSERR_NOKEYS
);
462 if (KEYOK(ks
, now
) && !(ks
->f
& KSF_LISTEN
))
467 return (doencrypt(ks
, ty
, b
, bb
));
470 /* --- @ksl_decrypt@ --- *
472 * Arguments: @keyset **ksroot@ = pointer to keyset list head
473 * @unsigned ty@ = expected type code
474 * @buf *b@ = pointer to input buffer
475 * @buf *bb@ = pointer to output buffer
477 * Returns: Zero on success; @KSERR_DECRYPT@ on failure. Also returns
478 * zero if there was insufficient buffer (but the output buffer
479 * is broken in this case).
481 * Use: Decrypts a packet.
484 int ksl_decrypt(keyset
**ksroot
, unsigned ty
, buf
*b
, buf
*bb
)
486 time_t now
= time(0);
491 if (buf_ensure(bb
, BLEN(b
)))
494 for (ks
= *ksroot
; ks
; ks
= ks
->next
) {
497 if ((err
= dodecrypt(ks
, ty
, b
, bb
, &seq
)) == 0) {
498 if (ks
->f
& KSF_LISTEN
) {
499 T( trace(T_KEYSET
, "keyset: implicitly activating keyset %u",
501 ks
->f
&= ~KSF_LISTEN
;
503 if (seq_check(&ks
->iseq
, seq
, "SYMM"))
508 if (err
!= KSERR_DECRYPT
) return (err
);
510 T( trace(T_KEYSET
, "keyset: no matching keys, or incorrect MAC"); )
511 return (KSERR_DECRYPT
);
514 /*----- That's all, folks -------------------------------------------------*/