2 * Code for PuTTY to import and export private key files in other
3 * SSH clients' formats.
15 int openssh_encrypted(const Filename
*filename
);
16 struct ssh2_userkey
*openssh_read(const Filename
*filename
, char *passphrase
,
17 const char **errmsg_p
);
18 int openssh_write(const Filename
*filename
, struct ssh2_userkey
*key
,
21 int sshcom_encrypted(const Filename
*filename
, char **comment
);
22 struct ssh2_userkey
*sshcom_read(const Filename
*filename
, char *passphrase
,
23 const char **errmsg_p
);
24 int sshcom_write(const Filename
*filename
, struct ssh2_userkey
*key
,
28 * Given a key type, determine whether we know how to import it.
30 int import_possible(int type
)
32 if (type
== SSH_KEYTYPE_OPENSSH
)
34 if (type
== SSH_KEYTYPE_SSHCOM
)
40 * Given a key type, determine what native key type
41 * (SSH_KEYTYPE_SSH1 or SSH_KEYTYPE_SSH2) it will come out as once
44 int import_target_type(int type
)
47 * There are no known foreign SSH-1 key formats.
49 return SSH_KEYTYPE_SSH2
;
53 * Determine whether a foreign key is encrypted.
55 int import_encrypted(const Filename
*filename
, int type
, char **comment
)
57 if (type
== SSH_KEYTYPE_OPENSSH
) {
58 /* OpenSSH doesn't do key comments */
59 *comment
= dupstr(filename_to_str(filename
));
60 return openssh_encrypted(filename
);
62 if (type
== SSH_KEYTYPE_SSHCOM
) {
63 return sshcom_encrypted(filename
, comment
);
69 * Import an SSH-1 key.
71 int import_ssh1(const Filename
*filename
, int type
,
72 struct RSAKey
*key
, char *passphrase
, const char **errmsg_p
)
78 * Import an SSH-2 key.
80 struct ssh2_userkey
*import_ssh2(const Filename
*filename
, int type
,
81 char *passphrase
, const char **errmsg_p
)
83 if (type
== SSH_KEYTYPE_OPENSSH
)
84 return openssh_read(filename
, passphrase
, errmsg_p
);
85 if (type
== SSH_KEYTYPE_SSHCOM
)
86 return sshcom_read(filename
, passphrase
, errmsg_p
);
91 * Export an SSH-1 key.
93 int export_ssh1(const Filename
*filename
, int type
, struct RSAKey
*key
,
100 * Export an SSH-2 key.
102 int export_ssh2(const Filename
*filename
, int type
,
103 struct ssh2_userkey
*key
, char *passphrase
)
105 if (type
== SSH_KEYTYPE_OPENSSH
)
106 return openssh_write(filename
, key
, passphrase
);
107 if (type
== SSH_KEYTYPE_SSHCOM
)
108 return sshcom_write(filename
, key
, passphrase
);
113 * Strip trailing CRs and LFs at the end of a line of text.
115 void strip_crlf(char *str
)
117 char *p
= str
+ strlen(str
);
119 while (p
> str
&& (p
[-1] == '\r' || p
[-1] == '\n'))
123 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
124 * Helper routines. (The base64 ones are defined in sshpubk.c.)
127 #define isbase64(c) ( ((c) >= 'A' && (c) <= 'Z') || \
128 ((c) >= 'a' && (c) <= 'z') || \
129 ((c) >= '0' && (c) <= '9') || \
130 (c) == '+' || (c) == '/' || (c) == '=' \
134 * Read an ASN.1/BER identifier and length pair.
136 * Flags are a combination of the #defines listed below.
138 * Returns -1 if unsuccessful; otherwise returns the number of
139 * bytes used out of the source data.
142 /* ASN.1 tag classes. */
143 #define ASN1_CLASS_UNIVERSAL (0 << 6)
144 #define ASN1_CLASS_APPLICATION (1 << 6)
145 #define ASN1_CLASS_CONTEXT_SPECIFIC (2 << 6)
146 #define ASN1_CLASS_PRIVATE (3 << 6)
147 #define ASN1_CLASS_MASK (3 << 6)
149 /* Primitive versus constructed bit. */
150 #define ASN1_CONSTRUCTED (1 << 5)
152 static int ber_read_id_len(void *source
, int sourcelen
,
153 int *id
, int *length
, int *flags
)
155 unsigned char *p
= (unsigned char *) source
;
160 *flags
= (*p
& 0xE0);
161 if ((*p
& 0x1F) == 0x1F) {
167 *id
= (*id
<< 7) | (*p
& 0x7F);
185 *length
= (*length
<< 8) | (*p
++);
192 return p
- (unsigned char *) source
;
196 * Write an ASN.1/BER identifier and length pair. Returns the
197 * number of bytes consumed. Assumes dest contains enough space.
198 * Will avoid writing anything if dest is NULL, but still return
199 * amount of space required.
201 static int ber_write_id_len(void *dest
, int id
, int length
, int flags
)
203 unsigned char *d
= (unsigned char *)dest
;
208 * Identifier is one byte.
211 if (d
) *d
++ = id
| flags
;
215 * Identifier is multiple bytes: the first byte is 11111
216 * plus the flags, and subsequent bytes encode the value of
217 * the identifier, 7 bits at a time, with the top bit of
218 * each byte 1 except the last one which is 0.
221 if (d
) *d
++ = 0x1F | flags
;
222 for (n
= 1; (id
>> (7*n
)) > 0; n
++)
223 continue; /* count the bytes */
226 if (d
) *d
++ = (n ?
0x80 : 0) | ((id
>> (7*n
)) & 0x7F);
232 * Length is one byte.
235 if (d
) *d
++ = length
;
239 * Length is multiple bytes. The first is 0x80 plus the
240 * number of subsequent bytes, and the subsequent bytes
241 * encode the actual length.
243 for (n
= 1; (length
>> (8*n
)) > 0; n
++)
244 continue; /* count the bytes */
246 if (d
) *d
++ = 0x80 | n
;
249 if (d
) *d
++ = (length
>> (8*n
)) & 0xFF;
256 static int put_string(void *target
, void *data
, int len
)
258 unsigned char *d
= (unsigned char *)target
;
261 memcpy(d
+4, data
, len
);
265 static int put_mp(void *target
, void *data
, int len
)
267 unsigned char *d
= (unsigned char *)target
;
268 unsigned char *i
= (unsigned char *)data
;
273 memcpy(d
+5, data
, len
);
277 memcpy(d
+4, data
, len
);
282 /* Simple structure to point to an mp-int within a blob. */
283 struct mpint_pos
{ void *start
; int bytes
; };
285 static int ssh2_read_mpint(void *data
, int len
, struct mpint_pos
*ret
)
288 unsigned char *d
= (unsigned char *) data
;
292 bytes
= toint(GET_32BIT(d
));
293 if (bytes
< 0 || len
-4 < bytes
)
303 return len
; /* ensure further calls fail as well */
306 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
307 * Code to read and write OpenSSH private keys.
310 enum { OSSH_DSA
, OSSH_RSA
};
311 enum { OSSH_ENC_3DES
, OSSH_ENC_AES
};
314 int encrypted
, encryption
;
316 unsigned char *keyblob
;
317 int keyblob_len
, keyblob_size
;
320 static struct openssh_key
*load_openssh_key(const Filename
*filename
,
321 const char **errmsg_p
)
323 struct openssh_key
*ret
;
329 int base64_chars
= 0;
331 ret
= snew(struct openssh_key
);
333 ret
->keyblob_len
= ret
->keyblob_size
= 0;
335 memset(ret
->iv
, 0, sizeof(ret
->iv
));
337 fp
= f_open(filename
, "r", FALSE
);
339 errmsg
= "unable to open key file";
343 if (!(line
= fgetline(fp
))) {
344 errmsg
= "unexpected end of file";
348 if (0 != strncmp(line
, "-----BEGIN ", 11) ||
349 0 != strcmp(line
+strlen(line
)-16, "PRIVATE KEY-----")) {
350 errmsg
= "file does not begin with OpenSSH key header";
353 if (!strcmp(line
, "-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----"))
354 ret
->type
= OSSH_RSA
;
355 else if (!strcmp(line
, "-----BEGIN DSA PRIVATE KEY-----"))
356 ret
->type
= OSSH_DSA
;
358 errmsg
= "unrecognised key type";
361 smemclr(line
, strlen(line
));
367 if (!(line
= fgetline(fp
))) {
368 errmsg
= "unexpected end of file";
372 if (0 == strncmp(line
, "-----END ", 9) &&
373 0 == strcmp(line
+strlen(line
)-16, "PRIVATE KEY-----")) {
378 if ((p
= strchr(line
, ':')) != NULL
) {
380 errmsg
= "header found in body of key data";
384 while (*p
&& isspace((unsigned char)*p
)) p
++;
385 if (!strcmp(line
, "Proc-Type")) {
386 if (p
[0] != '4' || p
[1] != ',') {
387 errmsg
= "Proc-Type is not 4 (only 4 is supported)";
391 if (!strcmp(p
, "ENCRYPTED"))
393 } else if (!strcmp(line
, "DEK-Info")) {
396 if (!strncmp(p
, "DES-EDE3-CBC,", 13)) {
397 ret
->encryption
= OSSH_ENC_3DES
;
399 } else if (!strncmp(p
, "AES-128-CBC,", 12)) {
400 ret
->encryption
= OSSH_ENC_AES
;
403 errmsg
= "unsupported cipher";
406 p
= strchr(p
, ',') + 1;/* always non-NULL, by above checks */
407 for (i
= 0; i
< ivlen
; i
++) {
408 if (1 != sscanf(p
, "%2x", &j
)) {
409 errmsg
= "expected more iv data in DEK-Info";
416 errmsg
= "more iv data than expected in DEK-Info";
424 while (isbase64(*p
)) {
425 base64_bit
[base64_chars
++] = *p
;
426 if (base64_chars
== 4) {
427 unsigned char out
[3];
432 len
= base64_decode_atom(base64_bit
, out
);
435 errmsg
= "invalid base64 encoding";
439 if (ret
->keyblob_len
+ len
> ret
->keyblob_size
) {
440 ret
->keyblob_size
= ret
->keyblob_len
+ len
+ 256;
441 ret
->keyblob
= sresize(ret
->keyblob
, ret
->keyblob_size
,
445 memcpy(ret
->keyblob
+ ret
->keyblob_len
, out
, len
);
446 ret
->keyblob_len
+= len
;
448 smemclr(out
, sizeof(out
));
454 smemclr(line
, strlen(line
));
462 if (ret
->keyblob_len
== 0 || !ret
->keyblob
) {
463 errmsg
= "key body not present";
467 if (ret
->encrypted
&& ret
->keyblob_len
% 8 != 0) {
468 errmsg
= "encrypted key blob is not a multiple of cipher block size";
472 smemclr(base64_bit
, sizeof(base64_bit
));
473 if (errmsg_p
) *errmsg_p
= NULL
;
478 smemclr(line
, strlen(line
));
482 smemclr(base64_bit
, sizeof(base64_bit
));
485 smemclr(ret
->keyblob
, ret
->keyblob_size
);
488 smemclr(ret
, sizeof(*ret
));
491 if (errmsg_p
) *errmsg_p
= errmsg
;
496 int openssh_encrypted(const Filename
*filename
)
498 struct openssh_key
*key
= load_openssh_key(filename
, NULL
);
503 ret
= key
->encrypted
;
504 smemclr(key
->keyblob
, key
->keyblob_size
);
506 smemclr(key
, sizeof(*key
));
511 struct ssh2_userkey
*openssh_read(const Filename
*filename
, char *passphrase
,
512 const char **errmsg_p
)
514 struct openssh_key
*key
= load_openssh_key(filename
, errmsg_p
);
515 struct ssh2_userkey
*retkey
;
517 int ret
, id
, len
, flags
;
519 struct ssh2_userkey
*retval
= NULL
;
522 int blobsize
= 0, blobptr
, privptr
;
531 if (key
->encrypted
) {
533 * Derive encryption key from passphrase and iv/salt:
535 * - let block A equal MD5(passphrase || iv)
536 * - let block B equal MD5(A || passphrase || iv)
537 * - block C would be MD5(B || passphrase || iv) and so on
538 * - encryption key is the first N bytes of A || B
540 * (Note that only 8 bytes of the iv are used for key
541 * derivation, even when the key is encrypted with AES and
542 * hence there are 16 bytes available.)
544 struct MD5Context md5c
;
545 unsigned char keybuf
[32];
548 MD5Update(&md5c
, (unsigned char *)passphrase
, strlen(passphrase
));
549 MD5Update(&md5c
, (unsigned char *)key
->iv
, 8);
550 MD5Final(keybuf
, &md5c
);
553 MD5Update(&md5c
, keybuf
, 16);
554 MD5Update(&md5c
, (unsigned char *)passphrase
, strlen(passphrase
));
555 MD5Update(&md5c
, (unsigned char *)key
->iv
, 8);
556 MD5Final(keybuf
+16, &md5c
);
559 * Now decrypt the key blob.
561 if (key
->encryption
== OSSH_ENC_3DES
)
562 des3_decrypt_pubkey_ossh(keybuf
, (unsigned char *)key
->iv
,
563 key
->keyblob
, key
->keyblob_len
);
566 assert(key
->encryption
== OSSH_ENC_AES
);
567 ctx
= aes_make_context();
568 aes128_key(ctx
, keybuf
);
569 aes_iv(ctx
, (unsigned char *)key
->iv
);
570 aes_ssh2_decrypt_blk(ctx
, key
->keyblob
, key
->keyblob_len
);
571 aes_free_context(ctx
);
574 smemclr(&md5c
, sizeof(md5c
));
575 smemclr(keybuf
, sizeof(keybuf
));
579 * Now we have a decrypted key blob, which contains an ASN.1
580 * encoded private key. We must now untangle the ASN.1.
582 * We expect the whole key blob to be formatted as a SEQUENCE
583 * (0x30 followed by a length code indicating that the rest of
584 * the blob is part of the sequence). Within that SEQUENCE we
585 * expect to see a bunch of INTEGERs. What those integers mean
586 * depends on the key type:
588 * - For RSA, we expect the integers to be 0, n, e, d, p, q,
589 * dmp1, dmq1, iqmp in that order. (The last three are d mod
590 * (p-1), d mod (q-1), inverse of q mod p respectively.)
592 * - For DSA, we expect them to be 0, p, q, g, y, x in that
598 /* Expect the SEQUENCE header. Take its absence as a failure to
599 * decrypt, if the key was encrypted. */
600 ret
= ber_read_id_len(p
, key
->keyblob_len
, &id
, &len
, &flags
);
602 if (ret
< 0 || id
!= 16) {
603 errmsg
= "ASN.1 decoding failure";
604 retval
= key
->encrypted ? SSH2_WRONG_PASSPHRASE
: NULL
;
608 /* Expect a load of INTEGERs. */
609 if (key
->type
== OSSH_RSA
)
611 else if (key
->type
== OSSH_DSA
)
614 num_integers
= 0; /* placate compiler warnings */
617 * Space to create key blob in.
619 blobsize
= 256+key
->keyblob_len
;
620 blob
= snewn(blobsize
, unsigned char);
622 if (key
->type
== OSSH_DSA
)
623 memcpy(blob
+4, "ssh-dss", 7);
624 else if (key
->type
== OSSH_RSA
)
625 memcpy(blob
+4, "ssh-rsa", 7);
629 for (i
= 0; i
< num_integers
; i
++) {
630 ret
= ber_read_id_len(p
, key
->keyblob
+key
->keyblob_len
-p
,
633 if (ret
< 0 || id
!= 2 ||
634 key
->keyblob
+key
->keyblob_len
-p
< len
) {
635 errmsg
= "ASN.1 decoding failure";
636 retval
= key
->encrypted ? SSH2_WRONG_PASSPHRASE
: NULL
;
642 * The first integer should be zero always (I think
643 * this is some sort of version indication).
645 if (len
!= 1 || p
[0] != 0) {
646 errmsg
= "version number mismatch";
649 } else if (key
->type
== OSSH_RSA
) {
651 * Integers 1 and 2 go into the public blob but in the
652 * opposite order; integers 3, 4, 5 and 8 go into the
653 * private blob. The other two (6 and 7) are ignored.
656 /* Save the details for after we deal with number 2. */
659 } else if (i
!= 6 && i
!= 7) {
660 PUT_32BIT(blob
+blobptr
, len
);
661 memcpy(blob
+blobptr
+4, p
, len
);
664 PUT_32BIT(blob
+blobptr
, modlen
);
665 memcpy(blob
+blobptr
+4, modptr
, modlen
);
670 } else if (key
->type
== OSSH_DSA
) {
672 * Integers 1-4 go into the public blob; integer 5 goes
673 * into the private blob.
675 PUT_32BIT(blob
+blobptr
, len
);
676 memcpy(blob
+blobptr
+4, p
, len
);
682 /* Skip past the number. */
687 * Now put together the actual key. Simplest way to do this is
688 * to assemble our own key blobs and feed them to the createkey
689 * functions; this is a bit faffy but it does mean we get all
690 * the sanity checks for free.
692 assert(privptr
> 0); /* should have bombed by now if not */
693 retkey
= snew(struct ssh2_userkey
);
694 retkey
->alg
= (key
->type
== OSSH_RSA ?
&ssh_rsa
: &ssh_dss
);
695 retkey
->data
= retkey
->alg
->createkey(blob
, privptr
,
696 blob
+privptr
, blobptr
-privptr
);
699 errmsg
= "unable to create key data structure";
703 retkey
->comment
= dupstr("imported-openssh-key");
704 errmsg
= NULL
; /* no error */
709 smemclr(blob
, blobsize
);
712 smemclr(key
->keyblob
, key
->keyblob_size
);
714 smemclr(key
, sizeof(*key
));
716 if (errmsg_p
) *errmsg_p
= errmsg
;
720 int openssh_write(const Filename
*filename
, struct ssh2_userkey
*key
,
723 unsigned char *pubblob
, *privblob
, *spareblob
;
724 int publen
, privlen
, sparelen
= 0;
725 unsigned char *outblob
;
727 struct mpint_pos numbers
[9];
728 int nnumbers
, pos
, len
, seqlen
, i
;
729 char *header
, *footer
;
736 * Fetch the key blobs.
738 pubblob
= key
->alg
->public_blob(key
->data
, &publen
);
739 privblob
= key
->alg
->private_blob(key
->data
, &privlen
);
740 spareblob
= outblob
= NULL
;
743 * Find the sequence of integers to be encoded into the OpenSSH
744 * key blob, and also decide on the header line.
746 if (key
->alg
== &ssh_rsa
) {
748 struct mpint_pos n
, e
, d
, p
, q
, iqmp
, dmp1
, dmq1
;
749 Bignum bd
, bp
, bq
, bdmp1
, bdmq1
;
752 * These blobs were generated from inside PuTTY, so we needn't
753 * treat them as untrusted.
755 pos
= 4 + GET_32BIT(pubblob
);
756 pos
+= ssh2_read_mpint(pubblob
+pos
, publen
-pos
, &e
);
757 pos
+= ssh2_read_mpint(pubblob
+pos
, publen
-pos
, &n
);
759 pos
+= ssh2_read_mpint(privblob
+pos
, privlen
-pos
, &d
);
760 pos
+= ssh2_read_mpint(privblob
+pos
, privlen
-pos
, &p
);
761 pos
+= ssh2_read_mpint(privblob
+pos
, privlen
-pos
, &q
);
762 pos
+= ssh2_read_mpint(privblob
+pos
, privlen
-pos
, &iqmp
);
764 assert(e
.start
&& iqmp
.start
); /* can't go wrong */
766 /* We also need d mod (p-1) and d mod (q-1). */
767 bd
= bignum_from_bytes(d
.start
, d
.bytes
);
768 bp
= bignum_from_bytes(p
.start
, p
.bytes
);
769 bq
= bignum_from_bytes(q
.start
, q
.bytes
);
772 bdmp1
= bigmod(bd
, bp
);
773 bdmq1
= bigmod(bd
, bq
);
778 dmp1
.bytes
= (bignum_bitcount(bdmp1
)+8)/8;
779 dmq1
.bytes
= (bignum_bitcount(bdmq1
)+8)/8;
780 sparelen
= dmp1
.bytes
+ dmq1
.bytes
;
781 spareblob
= snewn(sparelen
, unsigned char);
782 dmp1
.start
= spareblob
;
783 dmq1
.start
= spareblob
+ dmp1
.bytes
;
784 for (i
= 0; i
< dmp1
.bytes
; i
++)
785 spareblob
[i
] = bignum_byte(bdmp1
, dmp1
.bytes
-1 - i
);
786 for (i
= 0; i
< dmq1
.bytes
; i
++)
787 spareblob
[i
+dmp1
.bytes
] = bignum_byte(bdmq1
, dmq1
.bytes
-1 - i
);
791 numbers
[0].start
= zero
; numbers
[0].bytes
= 1; zero
[0] = '\0';
802 header
= "-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----\n";
803 footer
= "-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----\n";
804 } else if (key
->alg
== &ssh_dss
) {
806 struct mpint_pos p
, q
, g
, y
, x
;
809 * These blobs were generated from inside PuTTY, so we needn't
810 * treat them as untrusted.
812 pos
= 4 + GET_32BIT(pubblob
);
813 pos
+= ssh2_read_mpint(pubblob
+pos
, publen
-pos
, &p
);
814 pos
+= ssh2_read_mpint(pubblob
+pos
, publen
-pos
, &q
);
815 pos
+= ssh2_read_mpint(pubblob
+pos
, publen
-pos
, &g
);
816 pos
+= ssh2_read_mpint(pubblob
+pos
, publen
-pos
, &y
);
818 pos
+= ssh2_read_mpint(privblob
+pos
, privlen
-pos
, &x
);
820 assert(y
.start
&& x
.start
); /* can't go wrong */
822 numbers
[0].start
= zero
; numbers
[0].bytes
= 1; zero
[0] = '\0';
830 header
= "-----BEGIN DSA PRIVATE KEY-----\n";
831 footer
= "-----END DSA PRIVATE KEY-----\n";
833 assert(0); /* zoinks! */
834 exit(1); /* XXX: GCC doesn't understand assert() on some systems. */
838 * Now count up the total size of the ASN.1 encoded integers,
839 * so as to determine the length of the containing SEQUENCE.
842 for (i
= 0; i
< nnumbers
; i
++) {
843 len
+= ber_write_id_len(NULL
, 2, numbers
[i
].bytes
, 0);
844 len
+= numbers
[i
].bytes
;
847 /* Now add on the SEQUENCE header. */
848 len
+= ber_write_id_len(NULL
, 16, seqlen
, ASN1_CONSTRUCTED
);
849 /* Round up to the cipher block size, ensuring we have at least one
850 * byte of padding (see below). */
853 outlen
= (outlen
+8) &~ 7;
856 * Now we know how big outblob needs to be. Allocate it.
858 outblob
= snewn(outlen
, unsigned char);
861 * And write the data into it.
864 pos
+= ber_write_id_len(outblob
+pos
, 16, seqlen
, ASN1_CONSTRUCTED
);
865 for (i
= 0; i
< nnumbers
; i
++) {
866 pos
+= ber_write_id_len(outblob
+pos
, 2, numbers
[i
].bytes
, 0);
867 memcpy(outblob
+pos
, numbers
[i
].start
, numbers
[i
].bytes
);
868 pos
+= numbers
[i
].bytes
;
872 * Padding on OpenSSH keys is deterministic. The number of
873 * padding bytes is always more than zero, and always at most
874 * the cipher block length. The value of each padding byte is
875 * equal to the number of padding bytes. So a plaintext that's
876 * an exact multiple of the block size will be padded with 08
877 * 08 08 08 08 08 08 08 (assuming a 64-bit block cipher); a
878 * plaintext one byte less than a multiple of the block size
879 * will be padded with just 01.
881 * This enables the OpenSSL key decryption function to strip
882 * off the padding algorithmically and return the unpadded
883 * plaintext to the next layer: it looks at the final byte, and
884 * then expects to find that many bytes at the end of the data
885 * with the same value. Those are all removed and the rest is
889 while (pos
< outlen
) {
890 outblob
[pos
++] = outlen
- len
;
896 * For the moment, we still encrypt our OpenSSH keys using
901 * Invent an iv. Then derive encryption key from passphrase
904 * - let block A equal MD5(passphrase || iv)
905 * - let block B equal MD5(A || passphrase || iv)
906 * - block C would be MD5(B || passphrase || iv) and so on
907 * - encryption key is the first N bytes of A || B
909 struct MD5Context md5c
;
910 unsigned char keybuf
[32];
912 for (i
= 0; i
< 8; i
++) iv
[i
] = random_byte();
915 MD5Update(&md5c
, (unsigned char *)passphrase
, strlen(passphrase
));
916 MD5Update(&md5c
, iv
, 8);
917 MD5Final(keybuf
, &md5c
);
920 MD5Update(&md5c
, keybuf
, 16);
921 MD5Update(&md5c
, (unsigned char *)passphrase
, strlen(passphrase
));
922 MD5Update(&md5c
, iv
, 8);
923 MD5Final(keybuf
+16, &md5c
);
926 * Now encrypt the key blob.
928 des3_encrypt_pubkey_ossh(keybuf
, iv
, outblob
, outlen
);
930 smemclr(&md5c
, sizeof(md5c
));
931 smemclr(keybuf
, sizeof(keybuf
));
935 * And save it. We'll use Unix line endings just in case it's
936 * subsequently transferred in binary mode.
938 fp
= f_open(filename
, "wb", TRUE
); /* ensure Unix line endings */
943 fprintf(fp
, "Proc-Type: 4,ENCRYPTED\nDEK-Info: DES-EDE3-CBC,");
944 for (i
= 0; i
< 8; i
++)
945 fprintf(fp
, "%02X", iv
[i
]);
948 base64_encode(fp
, outblob
, outlen
, 64);
955 smemclr(outblob
, outlen
);
959 smemclr(spareblob
, sparelen
);
963 smemclr(privblob
, privlen
);
967 smemclr(pubblob
, publen
);
973 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
974 * Code to read ssh.com private keys.
978 * The format of the base64 blob is largely SSH-2-packet-formatted,
979 * except that mpints are a bit different: they're more like the
980 * old SSH-1 mpint. You have a 32-bit bit count N, followed by
981 * (N+7)/8 bytes of data.
983 * So. The blob contains:
985 * - uint32 0x3f6ff9eb (magic number)
986 * - uint32 size (total blob size)
987 * - string key-type (see below)
988 * - string cipher-type (tells you if key is encrypted)
989 * - string encrypted-blob
991 * (The first size field includes the size field itself and the
992 * magic number before it. All other size fields are ordinary SSH-2
993 * strings, so the size field indicates how much data is to
996 * The encrypted blob, once decrypted, contains a single string
997 * which in turn contains the payload. (This allows padding to be
998 * added after that string while still making it clear where the
999 * real payload ends. Also it probably makes for a reasonable
1000 * decryption check.)
1002 * The payload blob, for an RSA key, contains:
1005 * - mpint n (yes, the public and private stuff is intermixed)
1006 * - mpint u (presumably inverse of p mod q)
1007 * - mpint p (p is the smaller prime)
1008 * - mpint q (q is the larger)
1010 * For a DSA key, the payload blob contains:
1018 * Alternatively, if the parameters are `predefined', that
1019 * (0,p,g,q) sequence can be replaced by a uint32 1 and a string
1020 * containing some predefined parameter specification. *shudder*,
1021 * but I doubt we'll encounter this in real life.
1023 * The key type strings are ghastly. The RSA key I looked at had a
1026 * `if-modn{sign{rsa-pkcs1-sha1},encrypt{rsa-pkcs1v2-oaep}}'
1028 * and the DSA key wasn't much better:
1030 * `dl-modp{sign{dsa-nist-sha1},dh{plain}}'
1032 * It isn't clear that these will always be the same. I think it
1033 * might be wise just to look at the `if-modn{sign{rsa' and
1034 * `dl-modp{sign{dsa' prefixes.
1036 * Finally, the encryption. The cipher-type string appears to be
1037 * either `none' or `3des-cbc'. Looks as if this is SSH-2-style
1038 * 3des-cbc (i.e. outer cbc rather than inner). The key is created
1039 * from the passphrase by means of yet another hashing faff:
1041 * - first 16 bytes are MD5(passphrase)
1042 * - next 16 bytes are MD5(passphrase || first 16 bytes)
1043 * - if there were more, they'd be MD5(passphrase || first 32),
1047 #define SSHCOM_MAGIC_NUMBER 0x3f6ff9eb
1050 char comment
[256]; /* allowing any length is overkill */
1051 unsigned char *keyblob
;
1052 int keyblob_len
, keyblob_size
;
1055 static struct sshcom_key
*load_sshcom_key(const Filename
*filename
,
1056 const char **errmsg_p
)
1058 struct sshcom_key
*ret
;
1065 int base64_chars
= 0;
1067 ret
= snew(struct sshcom_key
);
1068 ret
->comment
[0] = '\0';
1069 ret
->keyblob
= NULL
;
1070 ret
->keyblob_len
= ret
->keyblob_size
= 0;
1072 fp
= f_open(filename
, "r", FALSE
);
1074 errmsg
= "unable to open key file";
1077 if (!(line
= fgetline(fp
))) {
1078 errmsg
= "unexpected end of file";
1082 if (0 != strcmp(line
, "---- BEGIN SSH2 ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY ----")) {
1083 errmsg
= "file does not begin with ssh.com key header";
1086 smemclr(line
, strlen(line
));
1092 if (!(line
= fgetline(fp
))) {
1093 errmsg
= "unexpected end of file";
1097 if (!strcmp(line
, "---- END SSH2 ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY ----")) {
1102 if ((p
= strchr(line
, ':')) != NULL
) {
1104 errmsg
= "header found in body of key data";
1108 while (*p
&& isspace((unsigned char)*p
)) p
++;
1109 hdrstart
= p
- line
;
1112 * Header lines can end in a trailing backslash for
1115 len
= hdrstart
+ strlen(line
+hdrstart
);
1117 while (line
[len
-1] == '\\') {
1121 line2
= fgetline(fp
);
1123 errmsg
= "unexpected end of file";
1128 line2len
= strlen(line2
);
1129 line
= sresize(line
, len
+ line2len
+ 1, char);
1130 strcpy(line
+ len
- 1, line2
);
1131 len
+= line2len
- 1;
1134 smemclr(line2
, strlen(line2
));
1138 p
= line
+ hdrstart
;
1140 if (!strcmp(line
, "Comment")) {
1141 /* Strip quotes in comment if present. */
1142 if (p
[0] == '"' && p
[strlen(p
)-1] == '"') {
1144 p
[strlen(p
)-1] = '\0';
1146 strncpy(ret
->comment
, p
, sizeof(ret
->comment
));
1147 ret
->comment
[sizeof(ret
->comment
)-1] = '\0';
1153 while (isbase64(*p
)) {
1154 base64_bit
[base64_chars
++] = *p
;
1155 if (base64_chars
== 4) {
1156 unsigned char out
[3];
1160 len
= base64_decode_atom(base64_bit
, out
);
1163 errmsg
= "invalid base64 encoding";
1167 if (ret
->keyblob_len
+ len
> ret
->keyblob_size
) {
1168 ret
->keyblob_size
= ret
->keyblob_len
+ len
+ 256;
1169 ret
->keyblob
= sresize(ret
->keyblob
, ret
->keyblob_size
,
1173 memcpy(ret
->keyblob
+ ret
->keyblob_len
, out
, len
);
1174 ret
->keyblob_len
+= len
;
1180 smemclr(line
, strlen(line
));
1185 if (ret
->keyblob_len
== 0 || !ret
->keyblob
) {
1186 errmsg
= "key body not present";
1191 if (errmsg_p
) *errmsg_p
= NULL
;
1199 smemclr(line
, strlen(line
));
1205 smemclr(ret
->keyblob
, ret
->keyblob_size
);
1206 sfree(ret
->keyblob
);
1208 smemclr(ret
, sizeof(*ret
));
1211 if (errmsg_p
) *errmsg_p
= errmsg
;
1215 int sshcom_encrypted(const Filename
*filename
, char **comment
)
1217 struct sshcom_key
*key
= load_sshcom_key(filename
, NULL
);
1218 int pos
, len
, answer
;
1227 * Check magic number.
1229 if (GET_32BIT(key
->keyblob
) != 0x3f6ff9eb) {
1230 goto done
; /* key is invalid */
1234 * Find the cipher-type string.
1237 if (key
->keyblob_len
< pos
+4)
1238 goto done
; /* key is far too short */
1239 len
= toint(GET_32BIT(key
->keyblob
+ pos
));
1240 if (len
< 0 || len
> key
->keyblob_len
- pos
- 4)
1241 goto done
; /* key is far too short */
1242 pos
+= 4 + len
; /* skip key type */
1243 len
= toint(GET_32BIT(key
->keyblob
+ pos
)); /* find cipher-type length */
1244 if (len
< 0 || len
> key
->keyblob_len
- pos
- 4)
1245 goto done
; /* cipher type string is incomplete */
1246 if (len
!= 4 || 0 != memcmp(key
->keyblob
+ pos
+ 4, "none", 4))
1251 *comment
= dupstr(key
->comment
);
1252 smemclr(key
->keyblob
, key
->keyblob_size
);
1253 sfree(key
->keyblob
);
1254 smemclr(key
, sizeof(*key
));
1257 *comment
= dupstr("");
1262 static int sshcom_read_mpint(void *data
, int len
, struct mpint_pos
*ret
)
1264 unsigned bits
, bytes
;
1265 unsigned char *d
= (unsigned char *) data
;
1269 bits
= GET_32BIT(d
);
1271 bytes
= (bits
+ 7) / 8;
1282 return len
; /* ensure further calls fail as well */
1285 static int sshcom_put_mpint(void *target
, void *data
, int len
)
1287 unsigned char *d
= (unsigned char *)target
;
1288 unsigned char *i
= (unsigned char *)data
;
1289 int bits
= len
* 8 - 1;
1292 if (*i
& (1 << (bits
& 7)))
1298 PUT_32BIT(d
, bits
+1);
1299 memcpy(d
+4, i
, len
);
1303 struct ssh2_userkey
*sshcom_read(const Filename
*filename
, char *passphrase
,
1304 const char **errmsg_p
)
1306 struct sshcom_key
*key
= load_sshcom_key(filename
, errmsg_p
);
1309 const char prefix_rsa
[] = "if-modn{sign{rsa";
1310 const char prefix_dsa
[] = "dl-modp{sign{dsa";
1311 enum { RSA
, DSA
} type
;
1315 struct ssh2_userkey
*ret
= NULL
, *retkey
;
1316 const struct ssh_signkey
*alg
;
1317 unsigned char *blob
= NULL
;
1318 int blobsize
= 0, publen
, privlen
;
1324 * Check magic number.
1326 if (GET_32BIT(key
->keyblob
) != SSHCOM_MAGIC_NUMBER
) {
1327 errmsg
= "key does not begin with magic number";
1332 * Determine the key type.
1335 if (key
->keyblob_len
< pos
+4 ||
1336 (len
= toint(GET_32BIT(key
->keyblob
+ pos
))) < 0 ||
1337 len
> key
->keyblob_len
- pos
- 4) {
1338 errmsg
= "key blob does not contain a key type string";
1341 if (len
> sizeof(prefix_rsa
) - 1 &&
1342 !memcmp(key
->keyblob
+pos
+4, prefix_rsa
, sizeof(prefix_rsa
) - 1)) {
1344 } else if (len
> sizeof(prefix_dsa
) - 1 &&
1345 !memcmp(key
->keyblob
+pos
+4, prefix_dsa
, sizeof(prefix_dsa
) - 1)) {
1348 errmsg
= "key is of unknown type";
1354 * Determine the cipher type.
1356 if (key
->keyblob_len
< pos
+4 ||
1357 (len
= toint(GET_32BIT(key
->keyblob
+ pos
))) < 0 ||
1358 len
> key
->keyblob_len
- pos
- 4) {
1359 errmsg
= "key blob does not contain a cipher type string";
1362 if (len
== 4 && !memcmp(key
->keyblob
+pos
+4, "none", 4))
1364 else if (len
== 8 && !memcmp(key
->keyblob
+pos
+4, "3des-cbc", 8))
1367 errmsg
= "key encryption is of unknown type";
1373 * Get hold of the encrypted part of the key.
1375 if (key
->keyblob_len
< pos
+4 ||
1376 (len
= toint(GET_32BIT(key
->keyblob
+ pos
))) < 0 ||
1377 len
> key
->keyblob_len
- pos
- 4) {
1378 errmsg
= "key blob does not contain actual key data";
1381 ciphertext
= (char *)key
->keyblob
+ pos
+ 4;
1383 if (cipherlen
== 0) {
1384 errmsg
= "length of key data is zero";
1389 * Decrypt it if necessary.
1393 * Derive encryption key from passphrase and iv/salt:
1395 * - let block A equal MD5(passphrase)
1396 * - let block B equal MD5(passphrase || A)
1397 * - block C would be MD5(passphrase || A || B) and so on
1398 * - encryption key is the first N bytes of A || B
1400 struct MD5Context md5c
;
1401 unsigned char keybuf
[32], iv
[8];
1403 if (cipherlen
% 8 != 0) {
1404 errmsg
= "encrypted part of key is not a multiple of cipher block"
1410 MD5Update(&md5c
, (unsigned char *)passphrase
, strlen(passphrase
));
1411 MD5Final(keybuf
, &md5c
);
1414 MD5Update(&md5c
, (unsigned char *)passphrase
, strlen(passphrase
));
1415 MD5Update(&md5c
, keybuf
, 16);
1416 MD5Final(keybuf
+16, &md5c
);
1419 * Now decrypt the key blob.
1421 memset(iv
, 0, sizeof(iv
));
1422 des3_decrypt_pubkey_ossh(keybuf
, iv
, (unsigned char *)ciphertext
,
1425 smemclr(&md5c
, sizeof(md5c
));
1426 smemclr(keybuf
, sizeof(keybuf
));
1429 * Hereafter we return WRONG_PASSPHRASE for any parsing
1430 * error. (But only if we've just tried to decrypt it!
1431 * Returning WRONG_PASSPHRASE for an unencrypted key is
1435 ret
= SSH2_WRONG_PASSPHRASE
;
1439 * Strip away the containing string to get to the real meat.
1441 len
= toint(GET_32BIT(ciphertext
));
1442 if (len
< 0 || len
> cipherlen
-4) {
1443 errmsg
= "containing string was ill-formed";
1450 * Now we break down into RSA versus DSA. In either case we'll
1451 * construct public and private blobs in our own format, and
1452 * end up feeding them to alg->createkey().
1454 blobsize
= cipherlen
+ 256;
1455 blob
= snewn(blobsize
, unsigned char);
1458 struct mpint_pos n
, e
, d
, u
, p
, q
;
1460 pos
+= sshcom_read_mpint(ciphertext
+pos
, cipherlen
-pos
, &e
);
1461 pos
+= sshcom_read_mpint(ciphertext
+pos
, cipherlen
-pos
, &d
);
1462 pos
+= sshcom_read_mpint(ciphertext
+pos
, cipherlen
-pos
, &n
);
1463 pos
+= sshcom_read_mpint(ciphertext
+pos
, cipherlen
-pos
, &u
);
1464 pos
+= sshcom_read_mpint(ciphertext
+pos
, cipherlen
-pos
, &p
);
1465 pos
+= sshcom_read_mpint(ciphertext
+pos
, cipherlen
-pos
, &q
);
1467 errmsg
= "key data did not contain six integers";
1473 pos
+= put_string(blob
+pos
, "ssh-rsa", 7);
1474 pos
+= put_mp(blob
+pos
, e
.start
, e
.bytes
);
1475 pos
+= put_mp(blob
+pos
, n
.start
, n
.bytes
);
1477 pos
+= put_string(blob
+pos
, d
.start
, d
.bytes
);
1478 pos
+= put_mp(blob
+pos
, q
.start
, q
.bytes
);
1479 pos
+= put_mp(blob
+pos
, p
.start
, p
.bytes
);
1480 pos
+= put_mp(blob
+pos
, u
.start
, u
.bytes
);
1481 privlen
= pos
- publen
;
1483 struct mpint_pos p
, q
, g
, x
, y
;
1486 assert(type
== DSA
); /* the only other option from the if above */
1488 if (GET_32BIT(ciphertext
) != 0) {
1489 errmsg
= "predefined DSA parameters not supported";
1492 pos
+= sshcom_read_mpint(ciphertext
+pos
, cipherlen
-pos
, &p
);
1493 pos
+= sshcom_read_mpint(ciphertext
+pos
, cipherlen
-pos
, &g
);
1494 pos
+= sshcom_read_mpint(ciphertext
+pos
, cipherlen
-pos
, &q
);
1495 pos
+= sshcom_read_mpint(ciphertext
+pos
, cipherlen
-pos
, &y
);
1496 pos
+= sshcom_read_mpint(ciphertext
+pos
, cipherlen
-pos
, &x
);
1498 errmsg
= "key data did not contain five integers";
1504 pos
+= put_string(blob
+pos
, "ssh-dss", 7);
1505 pos
+= put_mp(blob
+pos
, p
.start
, p
.bytes
);
1506 pos
+= put_mp(blob
+pos
, q
.start
, q
.bytes
);
1507 pos
+= put_mp(blob
+pos
, g
.start
, g
.bytes
);
1508 pos
+= put_mp(blob
+pos
, y
.start
, y
.bytes
);
1510 pos
+= put_mp(blob
+pos
, x
.start
, x
.bytes
);
1511 privlen
= pos
- publen
;
1514 assert(privlen
> 0); /* should have bombed by now if not */
1516 retkey
= snew(struct ssh2_userkey
);
1518 retkey
->data
= alg
->createkey(blob
, publen
, blob
+publen
, privlen
);
1519 if (!retkey
->data
) {
1521 errmsg
= "unable to create key data structure";
1524 retkey
->comment
= dupstr(key
->comment
);
1526 errmsg
= NULL
; /* no error */
1531 smemclr(blob
, blobsize
);
1534 smemclr(key
->keyblob
, key
->keyblob_size
);
1535 sfree(key
->keyblob
);
1536 smemclr(key
, sizeof(*key
));
1538 if (errmsg_p
) *errmsg_p
= errmsg
;
1542 int sshcom_write(const Filename
*filename
, struct ssh2_userkey
*key
,
1545 unsigned char *pubblob
, *privblob
;
1546 int publen
, privlen
;
1547 unsigned char *outblob
;
1549 struct mpint_pos numbers
[6];
1550 int nnumbers
, initial_zero
, pos
, lenpos
, i
;
1558 * Fetch the key blobs.
1560 pubblob
= key
->alg
->public_blob(key
->data
, &publen
);
1561 privblob
= key
->alg
->private_blob(key
->data
, &privlen
);
1565 * Find the sequence of integers to be encoded into the OpenSSH
1566 * key blob, and also decide on the header line.
1568 if (key
->alg
== &ssh_rsa
) {
1570 struct mpint_pos n
, e
, d
, p
, q
, iqmp
;
1573 * These blobs were generated from inside PuTTY, so we needn't
1574 * treat them as untrusted.
1576 pos
= 4 + GET_32BIT(pubblob
);
1577 pos
+= ssh2_read_mpint(pubblob
+pos
, publen
-pos
, &e
);
1578 pos
+= ssh2_read_mpint(pubblob
+pos
, publen
-pos
, &n
);
1580 pos
+= ssh2_read_mpint(privblob
+pos
, privlen
-pos
, &d
);
1581 pos
+= ssh2_read_mpint(privblob
+pos
, privlen
-pos
, &p
);
1582 pos
+= ssh2_read_mpint(privblob
+pos
, privlen
-pos
, &q
);
1583 pos
+= ssh2_read_mpint(privblob
+pos
, privlen
-pos
, &iqmp
);
1585 assert(e
.start
&& iqmp
.start
); /* can't go wrong */
1596 type
= "if-modn{sign{rsa-pkcs1-sha1},encrypt{rsa-pkcs1v2-oaep}}";
1597 } else if (key
->alg
== &ssh_dss
) {
1599 struct mpint_pos p
, q
, g
, y
, x
;
1602 * These blobs were generated from inside PuTTY, so we needn't
1603 * treat them as untrusted.
1605 pos
= 4 + GET_32BIT(pubblob
);
1606 pos
+= ssh2_read_mpint(pubblob
+pos
, publen
-pos
, &p
);
1607 pos
+= ssh2_read_mpint(pubblob
+pos
, publen
-pos
, &q
);
1608 pos
+= ssh2_read_mpint(pubblob
+pos
, publen
-pos
, &g
);
1609 pos
+= ssh2_read_mpint(pubblob
+pos
, publen
-pos
, &y
);
1611 pos
+= ssh2_read_mpint(privblob
+pos
, privlen
-pos
, &x
);
1613 assert(y
.start
&& x
.start
); /* can't go wrong */
1623 type
= "dl-modp{sign{dsa-nist-sha1},dh{plain}}";
1625 assert(0); /* zoinks! */
1626 exit(1); /* XXX: GCC doesn't understand assert() on some systems. */
1630 * Total size of key blob will be somewhere under 512 plus
1631 * combined length of integers. We'll calculate the more
1632 * precise size as we construct the blob.
1635 for (i
= 0; i
< nnumbers
; i
++)
1636 outlen
+= 4 + numbers
[i
].bytes
;
1637 outblob
= snewn(outlen
, unsigned char);
1640 * Create the unencrypted key blob.
1643 PUT_32BIT(outblob
+pos
, SSHCOM_MAGIC_NUMBER
); pos
+= 4;
1644 pos
+= 4; /* length field, fill in later */
1645 pos
+= put_string(outblob
+pos
, type
, strlen(type
));
1647 char *ciphertype
= passphrase ?
"3des-cbc" : "none";
1648 pos
+= put_string(outblob
+pos
, ciphertype
, strlen(ciphertype
));
1650 lenpos
= pos
; /* remember this position */
1651 pos
+= 4; /* encrypted-blob size */
1652 pos
+= 4; /* encrypted-payload size */
1654 PUT_32BIT(outblob
+pos
, 0);
1657 for (i
= 0; i
< nnumbers
; i
++)
1658 pos
+= sshcom_put_mpint(outblob
+pos
,
1659 numbers
[i
].start
, numbers
[i
].bytes
);
1660 /* Now wrap up the encrypted payload. */
1661 PUT_32BIT(outblob
+lenpos
+4, pos
- (lenpos
+8));
1662 /* Pad encrypted blob to a multiple of cipher block size. */
1664 int padding
= -(pos
- (lenpos
+4)) & 7;
1666 outblob
[pos
++] = random_byte();
1668 ciphertext
= (char *)outblob
+lenpos
+4;
1669 cipherlen
= pos
- (lenpos
+4);
1670 assert(!passphrase
|| cipherlen
% 8 == 0);
1671 /* Wrap up the encrypted blob string. */
1672 PUT_32BIT(outblob
+lenpos
, cipherlen
);
1673 /* And finally fill in the total length field. */
1674 PUT_32BIT(outblob
+4, pos
);
1676 assert(pos
< outlen
);
1683 * Derive encryption key from passphrase and iv/salt:
1685 * - let block A equal MD5(passphrase)
1686 * - let block B equal MD5(passphrase || A)
1687 * - block C would be MD5(passphrase || A || B) and so on
1688 * - encryption key is the first N bytes of A || B
1690 struct MD5Context md5c
;
1691 unsigned char keybuf
[32], iv
[8];
1694 MD5Update(&md5c
, (unsigned char *)passphrase
, strlen(passphrase
));
1695 MD5Final(keybuf
, &md5c
);
1698 MD5Update(&md5c
, (unsigned char *)passphrase
, strlen(passphrase
));
1699 MD5Update(&md5c
, keybuf
, 16);
1700 MD5Final(keybuf
+16, &md5c
);
1703 * Now decrypt the key blob.
1705 memset(iv
, 0, sizeof(iv
));
1706 des3_encrypt_pubkey_ossh(keybuf
, iv
, (unsigned char *)ciphertext
,
1709 smemclr(&md5c
, sizeof(md5c
));
1710 smemclr(keybuf
, sizeof(keybuf
));
1714 * And save it. We'll use Unix line endings just in case it's
1715 * subsequently transferred in binary mode.
1717 fp
= f_open(filename
, "wb", TRUE
); /* ensure Unix line endings */
1720 fputs("---- BEGIN SSH2 ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY ----\n", fp
);
1721 fprintf(fp
, "Comment: \"");
1723 * Comment header is broken with backslash-newline if it goes
1724 * over 70 chars. Although it's surrounded by quotes, it
1725 * _doesn't_ escape backslashes or quotes within the string.
1726 * Don't ask me, I didn't design it.
1729 int slen
= 60; /* starts at 60 due to "Comment: " */
1730 char *c
= key
->comment
;
1731 while ((int)strlen(c
) > slen
) {
1732 fprintf(fp
, "%.*s\\\n", slen
, c
);
1734 slen
= 70; /* allow 70 chars on subsequent lines */
1736 fprintf(fp
, "%s\"\n", c
);
1738 base64_encode(fp
, outblob
, pos
, 70);
1739 fputs("---- END SSH2 ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY ----\n", fp
);
1745 smemclr(outblob
, outlen
);
1749 smemclr(privblob
, privlen
);
1753 smemclr(pubblob
, publen
);