udp: Introduce some `us' convenience variables, etc.

* Introduce appropriate `struct udpsock *us' in a few places, and use
  them as appropriate.  We are going to make a few more places where
  these are used and this avoids some repetition.

* Introduce an `af' variable for the intended destination address
  family at one point.  We are going to want to reuse this.

* Add a comment on a line `} else {' distant from its `if (..) {'.

No functional change.

Signed-off-by: Ian Jackson <ijackson@chiark.greenend.org.uk>