3 * Catcrypt key-encapsulation
5 * (c) 2004 Straylight/Edgeware
8 /*----- Licensing notice --------------------------------------------------*
10 * This file is part of Catacomb.
12 * Catacomb is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
13 * it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public License as
14 * published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
15 * License, or (at your option) any later version.
17 * Catacomb is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
18 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
19 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
20 * GNU Library General Public License for more details.
22 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public
23 * License along with Catacomb; if not, write to the Free
24 * Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston,
28 /*----- Header files ------------------------------------------------------*/
30 #define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
34 #include <mLib/alloc.h>
35 #include <mLib/dstr.h>
36 #include <mLib/report.h>
48 #include "blowfish-cbc.h"
55 /*----- Bulk crypto -------------------------------------------------------*/
57 /* --- NaCl `secretbox' --- */
59 typedef struct naclbox_encctx
{
65 static bulk
*naclbox_init(key
*k
, const char *calg
, const char *halg
)
67 naclbox_encctx
*ctx
= CREATE(naclbox_encctx
);
73 if ((q
= key_getattr(0, k
, "cipher")) != 0) calg
= q
;
74 if (!calg
|| strcmp(calg
, "salsa20") == 0) ctx
->cc
= &salsa20
;
75 else if (strcmp(calg
, "salsa20/12") == 0) ctx
->cc
= &salsa2012
;
76 else if (strcmp(calg
, "salsa20/8") == 0) ctx
->cc
= &salsa208
;
77 else if (strcmp(calg
, "chacha20") == 0) ctx
->cc
= &chacha20
;
78 else if (strcmp(calg
, "chacha12") == 0) ctx
->cc
= &chacha12
;
79 else if (strcmp(calg
, "chacha8") == 0) ctx
->cc
= &chacha8
;
82 "unknown or inappropriate encryption scheme `%s' in key `%s'",
90 static int naclbox_setup(bulk
*b
, gcipher
*cx
)
92 naclbox_encctx
*ctx
= (naclbox_encctx
*)b
;
93 octet k
[SALSA20_KEYSZ
];
95 GC_ENCRYPT(cx
, 0, k
, sizeof(k
));
96 ctx
->c
= GC_INIT(ctx
->cc
, k
, sizeof(k
));
100 static size_t naclbox_overhead(bulk
*b
) { return (POLY1305_TAGSZ
); }
102 static void naclbox_destroy(bulk
*b
)
104 naclbox_encctx
*ctx
= (naclbox_encctx
*)b
;
110 static const char *naclbox_encdoit(bulk
*b
, uint32 seq
, buf
*bb
,
111 const void *p
, size_t sz
)
113 naclbox_encctx
*ctx
= (naclbox_encctx
*)b
;
119 STORE32(t
, seq
); STORE32(t
+ 4, 0); GC_SETIV(ctx
->c
, t
);
120 GC_ENCRYPT(ctx
->c
, 0, t
, POLY1305_KEYSZ
+ POLY1305_MASKSZ
);
121 poly1305_keyinit(&ak
, t
, POLY1305_KEYSZ
);
122 poly1305_macinit(&a
, &ak
, t
+ POLY1305_KEYSZ
);
124 tag
= buf_get(bb
, POLY1305_TAGSZ
); assert(tag
);
125 ct
= buf_get(bb
, sz
); assert(ct
);
126 GC_ENCRYPT(ctx
->c
, p
, ct
, sz
);
127 poly1305_hash(&a
, ct
, sz
);
128 poly1305_done(&a
, tag
);
132 static const char *naclbox_decdoit(bulk
*b
, uint32 seq
, buf
*bb
,
133 const void *p
, size_t sz
)
135 naclbox_encctx
*ctx
= (naclbox_encctx
*)b
;
140 octet
*tag
, *ct
, *pt
;
142 STORE32(t
, seq
); STORE32(t
+ 4, 0); GC_SETIV(ctx
->c
, t
);
143 GC_ENCRYPT(ctx
->c
, 0, t
, POLY1305_KEYSZ
+ POLY1305_MASKSZ
);
144 poly1305_keyinit(&ak
, t
, POLY1305_KEYSZ
);
145 poly1305_macinit(&a
, &ak
, t
+ POLY1305_KEYSZ
);
147 buf_init(&bin
, (/*unconst*/ void *)p
, sz
);
148 if ((tag
= buf_get(&bin
, POLY1305_TAGSZ
)) == 0) return ("no tag");
149 ct
= BCUR(&bin
); sz
= BLEFT(&bin
);
150 poly1305_hash(&a
, ct
, sz
);
151 poly1305_done(&a
, t
);
152 if (!ct_memeq(t
, tag
, POLY1305_TAGSZ
)) return ("authentication failure");
153 pt
= buf_get(bb
, sz
); assert(pt
);
154 GC_DECRYPT(ctx
->c
, ct
, pt
, sz
);
158 static const bulkops naclbox_encops
= {
159 naclbox_init
, naclbox_setup
, naclbox_overhead
,
160 naclbox_encdoit
, naclbox_destroy
161 }, naclbox_decops
= {
162 naclbox_init
, naclbox_setup
, naclbox_overhead
,
163 naclbox_decdoit
, naclbox_destroy
166 /* --- Generic composition --- */
168 typedef struct gencomp_encctx
{
174 octet
*t
; size_t tsz
;
177 static bulk
*gencomp_init(key
*k
, const char *calg
, const char *halg
)
179 gencomp_encctx
*ctx
= CREATE(gencomp_encctx
);
181 dstr d
= DSTR_INIT
, t
= DSTR_INIT
;
185 if ((q
= key_getattr(0, k
, "cipher")) != 0) calg
= q
;
186 if (!calg
) ctx
->cc
= &blowfish_cbc
;
187 else if ((ctx
->cc
= gcipher_byname(calg
)) == 0) {
188 die(EXIT_FAILURE
, "encryption scheme `%s' not found in key `%s'",
193 if ((q
= key_getattr(0, k
, "mac")) == 0) {
194 dstr_putf(&d
, "%s-hmac", halg
);
197 if ((ctx
->mc
= gmac_byname(q
)) == 0) {
199 "message authentication code `%s' not found in key `%s'",
206 static int gencomp_setup(bulk
*b
, gcipher
*cx
)
208 gencomp_encctx
*ctx
= (gencomp_encctx
*)b
;
214 cn
= keysz(0, ctx
->cc
->keysz
); if (cn
> n
) n
= cn
;
215 mn
= keysz(0, ctx
->mc
->keysz
); if (mn
> n
) n
= mn
;
216 ctx
->t
= kd
= xmalloc(n
); ctx
->tsz
= n
;
217 GC_ENCRYPT(cx
, 0, kd
, cn
);
218 ctx
->c
= GC_INIT(ctx
->cc
, kd
, cn
);
219 GC_ENCRYPT(cx
, 0, kd
, mn
);
220 ctx
->m
= GM_KEY(ctx
->mc
, kd
, mn
);
224 static size_t gencomp_overhead(bulk
*b
)
226 gencomp_encctx
*ctx
= (gencomp_encctx
*)b
;
227 return (ctx
->cc
->blksz
+ ctx
->mc
->hashsz
); }
229 static void gencomp_destroy(bulk
*b
)
231 gencomp_encctx
*ctx
= (gencomp_encctx
*)b
;
239 static const char *gencomp_encdoit(bulk
*b
, uint32 seq
, buf
*bb
,
240 const void *p
, size_t sz
)
242 gencomp_encctx
*ctx
= (gencomp_encctx
*)b
;
244 ghash
*h
= GM_INIT(ctx
->m
);
247 if (ctx
->cc
->blksz
) {
248 GC_ENCRYPT(ctx
->cx
, 0, ctx
->t
, ctx
->cc
->blksz
);
249 GC_SETIV(ctx
->c
, ctx
->t
);
251 tag
= buf_get(bb
, ctx
->mc
->hashsz
); assert(tag
);
252 ct
= buf_get(bb
, sz
); assert(ct
);
253 GC_ENCRYPT(ctx
->c
, p
, ct
, sz
);
260 static const char *gencomp_decdoit(bulk
*b
, uint32 seq
, buf
*bb
,
261 const void *p
, size_t sz
)
263 gencomp_encctx
*ctx
= (gencomp_encctx
*)b
;
265 const octet
*tag
, *ct
;
270 buf_init(&bin
, (/*unconst*/ void *)p
, sz
);
271 if ((tag
= buf_get(&bin
, ctx
->mc
->hashsz
)) == 0) return ("no tag");
272 ct
= BCUR(&bin
); sz
= BLEFT(&bin
);
273 pt
= buf_get(bb
, sz
); assert(pt
);
278 ok
= ct_memeq(tag
, GH_DONE(h
, 0), ctx
->mc
->hashsz
);
280 if (!ok
) return ("authentication failure");
282 if (ctx
->cc
->blksz
) {
283 GC_ENCRYPT(ctx
->cx
, 0, ctx
->t
, ctx
->cc
->blksz
);
284 GC_SETIV(ctx
->c
, ctx
->t
);
286 GC_DECRYPT(ctx
->c
, ct
, pt
, sz
);
290 static const bulkops gencomp_encops
= {
291 gencomp_init
, gencomp_setup
, gencomp_overhead
,
292 gencomp_encdoit
, gencomp_destroy
293 }, gencomp_decops
= {
294 gencomp_init
, gencomp_setup
, gencomp_overhead
,
295 gencomp_decdoit
, gencomp_destroy
298 const struct bulktab bulktab
[] = {
299 { "gencomp", &gencomp_encops
, &gencomp_decops
},
300 { "naclbox", &naclbox_encops
, &naclbox_decops
},
304 /*----- Key encapsulation -------------------------------------------------*/
308 typedef struct rsa_encctx
{
313 static kem
*rsa_encinit(key
*k
, void *kd
)
315 rsa_encctx
*re
= CREATE(rsa_encctx
);
316 rsa_pubcreate(&re
->rp
, kd
);
320 static int rsa_encdoit(kem
*k
, dstr
*d
, ghash
*h
)
322 rsa_encctx
*re
= (rsa_encctx
*)k
;
323 mp
*x
= mprand_range(MP_NEW
, re
->rp
.rp
->n
, &rand_global
, 0);
324 mp
*y
= rsa_pubop(&re
->rp
, MP_NEW
, x
);
325 size_t n
= mp_octets(re
->rp
.rp
->n
);
327 mp_storeb(x
, d
->buf
, n
);
328 GH_HASH(h
, d
->buf
, n
);
329 mp_storeb(y
, d
->buf
, n
);
336 static const char *rsa_lengthcheck(mp
*n
)
338 if (mp_bits(n
) < 1020) return ("key too short");
342 static const char *rsa_enccheck(kem
*k
)
344 rsa_encctx
*re
= (rsa_encctx
*)k
;
346 if ((e
= rsa_lengthcheck(re
->rp
.rp
->n
)) != 0) return (e
);
350 static void rsa_encdestroy(kem
*k
)
352 rsa_encctx
*re
= (rsa_encctx
*)k
;
353 rsa_pubdestroy(&re
->rp
);
357 static const kemops rsa_encops
= {
358 rsa_pubfetch
, sizeof(rsa_pub
),
359 rsa_encinit
, rsa_encdoit
, rsa_enccheck
, rsa_encdestroy
362 typedef struct rsa_decctx
{
367 static kem
*rsa_decinit(key
*k
, void *kd
)
369 rsa_decctx
*rd
= CREATE(rsa_decctx
);
370 rsa_privcreate(&rd
->rp
, kd
, &rand_global
);
374 static int rsa_decdoit(kem
*k
, dstr
*d
, ghash
*h
)
376 rsa_decctx
*rd
= (rsa_decctx
*)k
;
377 mp
*x
= mp_loadb(MP_NEW
, d
->buf
, d
->len
);
381 if (MP_CMP(x
, >=, rd
->rp
.rp
->n
)) {
385 n
= mp_octets(rd
->rp
.rp
->n
);
387 x
= rsa_privop(&rd
->rp
, x
, x
);
395 static const char *rsa_deccheck(kem
*k
)
397 rsa_decctx
*rd
= (rsa_decctx
*)k
;
399 if ((e
= rsa_lengthcheck(rd
->rp
.rp
->n
)) != 0) return (e
);
403 static void rsa_decdestroy(kem
*k
)
405 rsa_decctx
*rd
= (rsa_decctx
*)k
;
406 rsa_privdestroy(&rd
->rp
);
410 static const kemops rsa_decops
= {
411 rsa_privfetch
, sizeof(rsa_priv
),
412 rsa_decinit
, rsa_decdoit
, rsa_deccheck
, rsa_decdestroy
415 /* --- DH and EC --- */
417 typedef struct dh_encctx
{
424 static dh_encctx
*dh_doinit(key
*k
, const gprime_param
*gp
, mp
*y
,
425 group
*(*makegroup
)(const gprime_param
*),
428 dh_encctx
*de
= CREATE(dh_encctx
);
432 if ((de
->g
= makegroup(gp
)) == 0)
433 die(EXIT_FAILURE
, "bad %s group in key `%s'", what
, t
.buf
);
435 de
->y
= G_CREATE(de
->g
);
436 if (G_FROMINT(de
->g
, de
->y
, y
))
437 die(EXIT_FAILURE
, "bad public key `%s'", t
.buf
);
442 static dh_encctx
*ec_doinit(key
*k
, const char *cstr
, const ec
*y
)
444 dh_encctx
*de
= CREATE(dh_encctx
);
450 if ((e
= ec_getinfo(&ei
, cstr
)) != 0 ||
451 (de
->g
= group_ec(&ei
)) == 0)
452 die(EXIT_FAILURE
, "bad elliptic curve spec in key `%s': %s", t
.buf
, e
);
454 de
->y
= G_CREATE(de
->g
);
455 if (G_FROMEC(de
->g
, de
->y
, y
))
456 die(EXIT_FAILURE
, "bad public curve point `%s'", t
.buf
);
461 static kem
*dh_encinit(key
*k
, void *kd
)
464 dh_encctx
*de
= dh_doinit(k
, &dp
->dp
, dp
->y
, group_prime
, "prime");
468 static kem
*bindh_encinit(key
*k
, void *kd
)
471 dh_encctx
*de
= dh_doinit(k
, &dp
->dp
, dp
->y
, group_binary
, "binary");
475 static kem
*ec_encinit(key
*k
, void *kd
)
478 dh_encctx
*de
= ec_doinit(k
, ep
->cstr
, &ep
->p
);
482 static int dh_encdoit(kem
*k
, dstr
*d
, ghash
*h
)
484 dh_encctx
*de
= (dh_encctx
*)k
;
485 mp
*r
= mprand_range(MP_NEW
, de
->g
->r
, &rand_global
, 0);
486 ge
*x
= G_CREATE(de
->g
);
487 ge
*y
= G_CREATE(de
->g
);
488 size_t n
= de
->g
->noctets
;
491 G_EXP(de
->g
, x
, de
->g
->g
, r
);
492 G_EXP(de
->g
, y
, de
->y
, r
);
494 buf_init(&b
, d
->buf
, n
);
495 G_TORAW(de
->g
, &b
, y
);
496 GH_HASH(h
, BBASE(&b
), BLEN(&b
));
497 buf_init(&b
, d
->buf
, n
);
498 G_TORAW(de
->g
, &b
, x
);
499 GH_HASH(h
, BBASE(&b
), BLEN(&b
));
507 static const char *dh_enccheck(kem
*k
)
509 dh_encctx
*de
= (dh_encctx
*)k
;
511 if ((e
= G_CHECK(de
->g
, &rand_global
)) != 0)
513 if (group_check(de
->g
, de
->y
))
514 return ("public key not in subgroup");
518 static void dh_encdestroy(kem
*k
)
520 dh_encctx
*de
= (dh_encctx
*)k
;
521 G_DESTROY(de
->g
, de
->y
);
523 G_DESTROYGROUP(de
->g
);
527 static const kemops dh_encops
= {
528 dh_pubfetch
, sizeof(dh_pub
),
529 dh_encinit
, dh_encdoit
, dh_enccheck
, dh_encdestroy
532 static const kemops bindh_encops
= {
533 dh_pubfetch
, sizeof(dh_pub
),
534 bindh_encinit
, dh_encdoit
, dh_enccheck
, dh_encdestroy
537 static const kemops ec_encops
= {
538 ec_pubfetch
, sizeof(ec_pub
),
539 ec_encinit
, dh_encdoit
, dh_enccheck
, dh_encdestroy
542 static kem
*dh_decinit(key
*k
, void *kd
)
545 dh_encctx
*de
= dh_doinit(k
, &dp
->dp
, dp
->y
, group_prime
, "prime");
546 de
->x
= MP_COPY(dp
->x
);
550 static kem
*bindh_decinit(key
*k
, void *kd
)
553 dh_encctx
*de
= dh_doinit(k
, &dp
->dp
, dp
->y
, group_binary
, "binary");
554 de
->x
= MP_COPY(dp
->x
);
558 static kem
*ec_decinit(key
*k
, void *kd
)
561 dh_encctx
*de
= ec_doinit(k
, ep
->cstr
, &ep
->p
);
562 de
->x
= MP_COPY(ep
->x
);
566 static int dh_decdoit(kem
*k
, dstr
*d
, ghash
*h
)
568 dh_encctx
*de
= (dh_encctx
*)k
;
569 ge
*x
= G_CREATE(de
->g
);
570 size_t n
= de
->g
->noctets
;
571 void *p
= xmalloc(n
);
575 buf_init(&b
, d
->buf
, d
->len
);
576 if (G_FROMRAW(de
->g
, &b
, x
) || group_check(de
->g
, x
))
578 G_EXP(de
->g
, x
, x
, de
->x
);
580 G_TORAW(de
->g
, &b
, x
);
581 GH_HASH(h
, BBASE(&b
), BLEN(&b
));
582 GH_HASH(h
, d
->buf
, d
->len
);
590 static const kemops dh_decops
= {
591 dh_privfetch
, sizeof(dh_priv
),
592 dh_decinit
, dh_decdoit
, dh_enccheck
, dh_encdestroy
595 static const kemops bindh_decops
= {
596 dh_privfetch
, sizeof(dh_priv
),
597 bindh_decinit
, dh_decdoit
, dh_enccheck
, dh_encdestroy
600 static const kemops ec_decops
= {
601 ec_privfetch
, sizeof(ec_priv
),
602 ec_decinit
, dh_decdoit
, dh_enccheck
, dh_encdestroy
605 /* --- Symmetric --- */
607 typedef struct symm_ctx
{
613 static kem
*symm_init(key
*k
, void *kd
)
619 s
= CREATE(symm_ctx
);
622 s
->kp
.e
= KENC_BINARY
;
626 if ((err
= key_unpack(&s
->kp
, kd
, &d
)) != 0) {
627 die(EXIT_FAILURE
, "failed to unpack symmetric key `%s': %s",
628 d
.buf
, key_strerror(err
));
634 static int symm_decdoit(kem
*k
, dstr
*d
, ghash
*h
)
636 symm_ctx
*s
= (symm_ctx
*)k
;
638 GH_HASH(h
, s
->kb
.k
, s
->kb
.sz
);
639 GH_HASH(h
, d
->buf
, d
->len
);
643 static int symm_encdoit(kem
*k
, dstr
*d
, ghash
*h
)
645 dstr_ensure(d
, h
->ops
->c
->hashsz
);
646 d
->len
+= h
->ops
->c
->hashsz
;
647 rand_get(RAND_GLOBAL
, d
->buf
, d
->len
);
648 return (symm_decdoit(k
, d
, h
));
651 static const char *symm_check(kem
*k
) { return (0); }
653 static void symm_destroy(kem
*k
)
654 { symm_ctx
*s
= (symm_ctx
*)k
; key_unpackdone(&s
->kp
); }
656 static const kemops symm_encops
= {
658 symm_init
, symm_encdoit
, symm_check
, symm_destroy
661 static const kemops symm_decops
= {
663 symm_init
, symm_decdoit
, symm_check
, symm_destroy
666 /* --- The switch table --- */
668 const struct kemtab kemtab
[] = {
669 { "rsa", &rsa_encops
, &rsa_decops
},
670 { "dh", &dh_encops
, &dh_decops
},
671 { "bindh", &bindh_encops
, &bindh_decops
},
672 { "ec", &ec_encops
, &ec_decops
},
673 { "symm", &symm_encops
, &symm_decops
},
677 /* --- @getkem@ --- *
679 * Arguments: @key *k@ = the key to load
680 * @const char *app@ = application name
681 * @int wantpriv@ = nonzero if we want to decrypt
682 * @bulk **bc@ = bulk crypto context to set up
684 * Returns: A key-encapsulating thing.
689 kem
*getkem(key
*k
, const char *app
, int wantpriv
, bulk
**bc
)
691 const char *kalg
, *halg
= 0, *balg
= 0;
698 const struct kemtab
*kt
;
700 const struct bulktab
*bt
;
706 /* --- Setup stuff --- */
710 /* --- Get the KEM name --- *
712 * Take the attribute if it's there; otherwise use the key type.
716 if ((q
= key_getattr(0, k
, "kem")) != 0) {
719 } else if (strncmp(k
->type
, app
, n
) == 0 && k
->type
[n
] == '-') {
720 dstr_puts(&d
, k
->type
);
723 die(EXIT_FAILURE
, "no KEM for key `%s'", t
.buf
);
726 /* --- Grab the bulk encryption scheme --- *
728 * Grab it from the KEM if it's there, but override it from the attribute.
731 if (p
&& (p
= strchr(p
, '/')) != 0) {
735 if ((q
= key_getattr(0, k
, "bulk")) != 0)
738 /* --- Grab the hash function --- */
740 if (p
&& (p
= strchr(p
, '/')) != 0) {
744 if ((q
= key_getattr(0, k
, "hash")) != 0)
747 /* --- Instantiate the KEM --- */
749 for (kt
= kemtab
; kt
->name
; kt
++) {
750 if (strcmp(kt
->name
, kalg
) == 0)
753 die(EXIT_FAILURE
, "key encapsulation mechanism `%s' not found in key `%s'",
756 ko
= wantpriv ? kt
->decops
: kt
->encops
;
762 kd
= xmalloc(ko
->kdsz
);
763 kp
= key_fetchinit(ko
->kf
, 0, kd
);
764 if ((e
= key_fetch(kp
, k
)) != 0) {
765 die(EXIT_FAILURE
, "error fetching key `%s': %s",
766 t
.buf
, key_strerror(e
));
769 kk
= ko
->init(k
, kd
);
774 /* --- Set up the bulk crypto --- */
778 else if ((kk
->hc
= ghash_byname(halg
)) == 0) {
779 die(EXIT_FAILURE
, "hash algorithm `%s' not found in key `%s'",
784 if ((q
= key_getattr(0, k
, "kdf")) == 0) {
785 dstr_putf(&d
, "%s-mgf", kk
->hc
->name
);
788 if ((kk
->cxc
= gcipher_byname(q
)) == 0) {
789 die(EXIT_FAILURE
, "encryption scheme (KDF) `%s' not found in key `%s'",
796 for (bt
= bulktab
, bo
= 0; bt
->name
; bt
++) {
797 if (strcmp(balg
, bt
->name
) == 0)
798 { balg
= 0; goto b_found
; }
799 n
= strlen(bt
->name
);
800 if (strncmp(balg
, bt
->name
, n
) == 0 && balg
[n
] == '-')
801 { balg
+= n
+ 1; goto b_found
; }
806 bo
= wantpriv ? bt
->decops
: bt
->encops
;
807 *bc
= bo
->init(k
, balg
, kk
->hc
->name
);
810 /* --- Tidy up --- */
817 /* --- @setupkem@ --- *
819 * Arguments: @kem *k@ = key-encapsulation thing
820 * @dstr *d@ = key-encapsulation data
821 * @bulk *bc@ = bulk crypto context to set up
823 * Returns: Zero on success, nonzero on failure.
825 * Use: Initializes all the various symmetric things from a KEM.
828 int setupkem(kem
*k
, dstr
*d
, bulk
*bc
)
836 if (k
->ops
->doit(k
, d
, h
))
838 n
= keysz(GH_CLASS(h
)->hashsz
, k
->cxc
->keysz
);
842 k
->cx
= GC_INIT(k
->cxc
, kd
, n
);
843 bc
->ops
->setup(bc
, k
->cx
);
851 /* --- @freekem@ --- *
853 * Arguments: @kem *k@ = key-encapsulation thing
857 * Use: Frees up a key-encapsulation thing.
865 key_fetchdone(k
->kp
);
872 /*----- That's all, folks -------------------------------------------------*/