git.distorted.org.uk Git - u/mdw/putty/blob - sshdh.c

   1 #include "ssh.h"
   2
   3 /*
   4  * The primes used in the group1 and group14 key exchange.
   5  */
   6 static const unsigned char P1[] = {
   7     0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC9, 0x0F, 0xDA, 0xA2,
   8     0x21, 0x68, 0xC2, 0x34, 0xC4, 0xC6, 0x62, 0x8B, 0x80, 0xDC, 0x1C, 0xD1,
   9     0x29, 0x02, 0x4E, 0x08, 0x8A, 0x67, 0xCC, 0x74, 0x02, 0x0B, 0xBE, 0xA6,
  10     0x3B, 0x13, 0x9B, 0x22, 0x51, 0x4A, 0x08, 0x79, 0x8E, 0x34, 0x04, 0xDD,
  11     0xEF, 0x95, 0x19, 0xB3, 0xCD, 0x3A, 0x43, 0x1B, 0x30, 0x2B, 0x0A, 0x6D,
  12     0xF2, 0x5F, 0x14, 0x37, 0x4F, 0xE1, 0x35, 0x6D, 0x6D, 0x51, 0xC2, 0x45,
  13     0xE4, 0x85, 0xB5, 0x76, 0x62, 0x5E, 0x7E, 0xC6, 0xF4, 0x4C, 0x42, 0xE9,
  14     0xA6, 0x37, 0xED, 0x6B, 0x0B, 0xFF, 0x5C, 0xB6, 0xF4, 0x06, 0xB7, 0xED,
  15     0xEE, 0x38, 0x6B, 0xFB, 0x5A, 0x89, 0x9F, 0xA5, 0xAE, 0x9F, 0x24, 0x11,
  16     0x7C, 0x4B, 0x1F, 0xE6, 0x49, 0x28, 0x66, 0x51, 0xEC, 0xE6, 0x53, 0x81,
  17     0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF
  18 };
  19 static const unsigned char P14[] = {
  20     0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC9, 0x0F, 0xDA, 0xA2,
  21     0x21, 0x68, 0xC2, 0x34, 0xC4, 0xC6, 0x62, 0x8B, 0x80, 0xDC, 0x1C, 0xD1,
  22     0x29, 0x02, 0x4E, 0x08, 0x8A, 0x67, 0xCC, 0x74, 0x02, 0x0B, 0xBE, 0xA6,
  23     0x3B, 0x13, 0x9B, 0x22, 0x51, 0x4A, 0x08, 0x79, 0x8E, 0x34, 0x04, 0xDD,
  24     0xEF, 0x95, 0x19, 0xB3, 0xCD, 0x3A, 0x43, 0x1B, 0x30, 0x2B, 0x0A, 0x6D,
  25     0xF2, 0x5F, 0x14, 0x37, 0x4F, 0xE1, 0x35, 0x6D, 0x6D, 0x51, 0xC2, 0x45,
  26     0xE4, 0x85, 0xB5, 0x76, 0x62, 0x5E, 0x7E, 0xC6, 0xF4, 0x4C, 0x42, 0xE9,
  27     0xA6, 0x37, 0xED, 0x6B, 0x0B, 0xFF, 0x5C, 0xB6, 0xF4, 0x06, 0xB7, 0xED,
  28     0xEE, 0x38, 0x6B, 0xFB, 0x5A, 0x89, 0x9F, 0xA5, 0xAE, 0x9F, 0x24, 0x11,
  29     0x7C, 0x4B, 0x1F, 0xE6, 0x49, 0x28, 0x66, 0x51, 0xEC, 0xE4, 0x5B, 0x3D,
  30     0xC2, 0x00, 0x7C, 0xB8, 0xA1, 0x63, 0xBF, 0x05, 0x98, 0xDA, 0x48, 0x36,
  31     0x1C, 0x55, 0xD3, 0x9A, 0x69, 0x16, 0x3F, 0xA8, 0xFD, 0x24, 0xCF, 0x5F,
  32     0x83, 0x65, 0x5D, 0x23, 0xDC, 0xA3, 0xAD, 0x96, 0x1C, 0x62, 0xF3, 0x56,
  33     0x20, 0x85, 0x52, 0xBB, 0x9E, 0xD5, 0x29, 0x07, 0x70, 0x96, 0x96, 0x6D,
  34     0x67, 0x0C, 0x35, 0x4E, 0x4A, 0xBC, 0x98, 0x04, 0xF1, 0x74, 0x6C, 0x08,
  35     0xCA, 0x18, 0x21, 0x7C, 0x32, 0x90, 0x5E, 0x46, 0x2E, 0x36, 0xCE, 0x3B,
  36     0xE3, 0x9E, 0x77, 0x2C, 0x18, 0x0E, 0x86, 0x03, 0x9B, 0x27, 0x83, 0xA2,
  37     0xEC, 0x07, 0xA2, 0x8F, 0xB5, 0xC5, 0x5D, 0xF0, 0x6F, 0x4C, 0x52, 0xC9,
  38     0xDE, 0x2B, 0xCB, 0xF6, 0x95, 0x58, 0x17, 0x18, 0x39, 0x95, 0x49, 0x7C,
  39     0xEA, 0x95, 0x6A, 0xE5, 0x15, 0xD2, 0x26, 0x18, 0x98, 0xFA, 0x05, 0x10,
  40     0x15, 0x72, 0x8E, 0x5A, 0x8A, 0xAC, 0xAA, 0x68, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,
  41     0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF
  42 };
  43
  44 /*
  45  * The generator g = 2 (used for both group1 and group14).
  46  */
  47 static const unsigned char G[] = { 2 };
  48
  49 static const struct ssh_kex ssh_diffiehellman_group1_sha1 = {
  50     "diffie-hellman-group1-sha1", "group1",
  51     P1, G, lenof(P1), lenof(G), &ssh_sha1
  52 };
  53
  54 static const struct ssh_kex *const group1_list[] = {
  55     &ssh_diffiehellman_group1_sha1
  56 };
  57
  58 const struct ssh_kexes ssh_diffiehellman_group1 = {
  59     sizeof(group1_list) / sizeof(*group1_list),
  60     group1_list
  61 };
  62
  63 static const struct ssh_kex ssh_diffiehellman_group14_sha1 = {
  64     "diffie-hellman-group14-sha1", "group14",
  65     P14, G, lenof(P14), lenof(G), &ssh_sha1
  66 };
  67
  68 static const struct ssh_kex *const group14_list[] = {
  69     &ssh_diffiehellman_group14_sha1
  70 };
  71
  72 const struct ssh_kexes ssh_diffiehellman_group14 = {
  73     sizeof(group14_list) / sizeof(*group14_list),
  74     group14_list
  75 };
  76
  77 static const struct ssh_kex ssh_diffiehellman_gex_sha256 = {
  78     "diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256", NULL,
  79     NULL, NULL, 0, 0, &ssh_sha256
  80 };
  81
  82 static const struct ssh_kex ssh_diffiehellman_gex_sha1 = {
  83     "diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1", NULL,
  84     NULL, NULL, 0, 0, &ssh_sha1
  85 };
  86
  87 static const struct ssh_kex *const gex_list[] = {
  88     &ssh_diffiehellman_gex_sha256,
  89     &ssh_diffiehellman_gex_sha1
  90 };
  91
  92 const struct ssh_kexes ssh_diffiehellman_gex = {
  93     sizeof(gex_list) / sizeof(*gex_list),
  94     gex_list
  95 };
  96
  97 /*
  98  * Variables.
  99  */
 100 struct dh_ctx {
 101     Bignum x, e, p, q, qmask, g;
 102 };
 103
 104 /*
 105  * Common DH initialisation.
 106  */
 107 static void dh_init(struct dh_ctx *ctx)
 108 {
 109     ctx->q = bignum_rshift(ctx->p, 1);
 110     ctx->qmask = bignum_bitmask(ctx->q);
 111     ctx->x = ctx->e = NULL;
 112 }
 113
 114 /*
 115  * Initialise DH for a standard group.
 116  */
 117 void *dh_setup_group(const struct ssh_kex *kex)
 118 {
 119     struct dh_ctx *ctx = snew(struct dh_ctx);
 120     ctx->p = bignum_from_bytes(kex->pdata, kex->plen);
 121     ctx->g = bignum_from_bytes(kex->gdata, kex->glen);
 122     dh_init(ctx);
 123     return ctx;
 124 }
 125
 126 /*
 127  * Initialise DH for a server-supplied group.
 128  */
 129 void *dh_setup_gex(Bignum pval, Bignum gval)
 130 {
 131     struct dh_ctx *ctx = snew(struct dh_ctx);
 132     ctx->p = copybn(pval);
 133     ctx->g = copybn(gval);
 134     dh_init(ctx);
 135     return ctx;
 136 }
 137
 138 /*
 139  * Clean up and free a context.
 140  */
 141 void dh_cleanup(void *handle)
 142 {
 143     struct dh_ctx *ctx = (struct dh_ctx *)handle;
 144     freebn(ctx->x);
 145     freebn(ctx->e);
 146     freebn(ctx->p);
 147     freebn(ctx->g);
 148     freebn(ctx->q);
 149     freebn(ctx->qmask);
 150     sfree(ctx);
 151 }
 152
 153 /*
 154  * DH stage 1: invent a number x between 1 and q, and compute e =
 155  * g^x mod p. Return e.
 156  *
 157  * If `nbits' is greater than zero, it is used as an upper limit
 158  * for the number of bits in x. This is safe provided that (a) you
 159  * use twice as many bits in x as the number of bits you expect to
 160  * use in your session key, and (b) the DH group is a safe prime
 161  * (which SSH demands that it must be).
 162  *
 163  * P. C. van Oorschot, M. J. Wiener
 164  * "On Diffie-Hellman Key Agreement with Short Exponents".
 165  * Advances in Cryptology: Proceedings of Eurocrypt '96
 166  * Springer-Verlag, May 1996.
 167  */
 168 Bignum dh_create_e(void *handle, int nbits)
 169 {
 170     struct dh_ctx *ctx = (struct dh_ctx *)handle;
 171     int i;
 172
 173     int nbytes;
 174     unsigned char *buf;
 175
 176     nbytes = ssh1_bignum_length(ctx->qmask);
 177     buf = snewn(nbytes, unsigned char);
 178
 179     do {
 180         /*
 181          * Create a potential x, by ANDing a string of random bytes
 182          * with qmask.
 183          */
 184         if (ctx->x)
 185             freebn(ctx->x);
 186         if (nbits == 0 || nbits > bignum_bitcount(ctx->qmask)) {
 187             ssh1_write_bignum(buf, ctx->qmask);
 188             for (i = 2; i < nbytes; i++)
 189                 buf[i] &= random_byte();
 190             ssh1_read_bignum(buf, nbytes, &ctx->x);   /* can't fail */
 191         } else {
 192             int b, nb;
 193             ctx->x = bn_power_2(nbits);
 194             b = nb = 0;
 195             for (i = 0; i < nbits; i++) {
 196                 if (nb == 0) {
 197                     nb = 8;
 198                     b = random_byte();
 199                 }
 200                 bignum_set_bit(ctx->x, i, b & 1);
 201                 b >>= 1;
 202                 nb--;
 203             }
 204         }
 205     } while (bignum_cmp(ctx->x, One) <= 0 || bignum_cmp(ctx->x, ctx->q) >= 0);
 206
 207     sfree(buf);
 208
 209     /*
 210      * Done. Now compute e = g^x mod p.
 211      */
 212     ctx->e = modpow(ctx->g, ctx->x, ctx->p);
 213
 214     return ctx->e;
 215 }
 216
 217 /*
 218  * DH stage 2: given a number f, compute K = f^x mod p.
 219  */
 220 Bignum dh_find_K(void *handle, Bignum f)
 221 {
 222     struct dh_ctx *ctx = (struct dh_ctx *)handle;
 223     Bignum ret;
 224     ret = modpow(f, ctx->x, ctx->p);
 225     return ret;
 226 }