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[u/mdw/putty] / ssh.c

#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <assert.h>

#include "putty.h"
#include "tree234.h"
#include "ssh.h"

#ifndef FALSE
#define FALSE 0
#endif
#ifndef TRUE
#define TRUE 1
#endif

#define logevent(s) { logevent(s); \
                      if ((flags & FLAG_STDERR) && (flags & FLAG_VERBOSE)) \
                      { fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", s); fflush(stderr); } }

/* logevent, only printf-formatted. */
void logeventf(char *fmt, ...)
{
    va_list ap;
    char stuff[200];

    va_start(ap, fmt);
    vsprintf(stuff, fmt, ap);
    va_end(ap);
    logevent(stuff);
}

#define bombout(msg) ( ssh_state = SSH_STATE_CLOSED, \
                          (s ? sk_close(s), s = NULL : 0), \
                          logeventf msg, connection_fatal msg )

#define SSH1_MSG_DISCONNECT                       1     /* 0x1 */
#define SSH1_SMSG_PUBLIC_KEY                      2     /* 0x2 */
#define SSH1_CMSG_SESSION_KEY                     3     /* 0x3 */
#define SSH1_CMSG_USER                            4     /* 0x4 */
#define SSH1_CMSG_AUTH_RSA                        6     /* 0x6 */
#define SSH1_SMSG_AUTH_RSA_CHALLENGE              7     /* 0x7 */
#define SSH1_CMSG_AUTH_RSA_RESPONSE               8     /* 0x8 */
#define SSH1_CMSG_AUTH_PASSWORD                   9     /* 0x9 */
#define SSH1_CMSG_REQUEST_PTY                     10    /* 0xa */
#define SSH1_CMSG_WINDOW_SIZE                     11    /* 0xb */
#define SSH1_CMSG_EXEC_SHELL                      12    /* 0xc */
#define SSH1_CMSG_EXEC_CMD                        13    /* 0xd */
#define SSH1_SMSG_SUCCESS                         14    /* 0xe */
#define SSH1_SMSG_FAILURE                         15    /* 0xf */
#define SSH1_CMSG_STDIN_DATA                      16    /* 0x10 */
#define SSH1_SMSG_STDOUT_DATA                     17    /* 0x11 */
#define SSH1_SMSG_STDERR_DATA                     18    /* 0x12 */
#define SSH1_CMSG_EOF                             19    /* 0x13 */
#define SSH1_SMSG_EXIT_STATUS                     20    /* 0x14 */
#define SSH1_MSG_CHANNEL_OPEN_CONFIRMATION        21    /* 0x15 */
#define SSH1_MSG_CHANNEL_OPEN_FAILURE             22    /* 0x16 */
#define SSH1_MSG_CHANNEL_DATA                     23    /* 0x17 */
#define SSH1_MSG_CHANNEL_CLOSE                    24    /* 0x18 */
#define SSH1_MSG_CHANNEL_CLOSE_CONFIRMATION       25    /* 0x19 */
#define SSH1_SMSG_X11_OPEN                        27    /* 0x1b */
#define SSH1_CMSG_PORT_FORWARD_REQUEST            28    /* 0x1c */
#define SSH1_MSG_PORT_OPEN                        29    /* 0x1d */
#define SSH1_CMSG_AGENT_REQUEST_FORWARDING        30    /* 0x1e */
#define SSH1_SMSG_AGENT_OPEN                      31    /* 0x1f */
#define SSH1_MSG_IGNORE                           32    /* 0x20 */
#define SSH1_CMSG_EXIT_CONFIRMATION               33    /* 0x21 */
#define SSH1_CMSG_X11_REQUEST_FORWARDING          34    /* 0x22 */
#define SSH1_CMSG_AUTH_RHOSTS_RSA                 35    /* 0x23 */
#define SSH1_MSG_DEBUG                            36    /* 0x24 */
#define SSH1_CMSG_REQUEST_COMPRESSION             37    /* 0x25 */
#define SSH1_CMSG_AUTH_TIS                        39    /* 0x27 */
#define SSH1_SMSG_AUTH_TIS_CHALLENGE              40    /* 0x28 */
#define SSH1_CMSG_AUTH_TIS_RESPONSE               41    /* 0x29 */
#define SSH1_CMSG_AUTH_CCARD                      70    /* 0x46 */
#define SSH1_SMSG_AUTH_CCARD_CHALLENGE            71    /* 0x47 */
#define SSH1_CMSG_AUTH_CCARD_RESPONSE             72    /* 0x48 */

#define SSH1_AUTH_TIS                             5     /* 0x5 */
#define SSH1_AUTH_CCARD                           16    /* 0x10 */

#define SSH1_PROTOFLAG_SCREEN_NUMBER              1     /* 0x1 */
/* Mask for protoflags we will echo back to server if seen */
#define SSH1_PROTOFLAGS_SUPPORTED                 0     /* 0x1 */

#define SSH2_MSG_DISCONNECT                       1     /* 0x1 */
#define SSH2_MSG_IGNORE                           2     /* 0x2 */
#define SSH2_MSG_UNIMPLEMENTED                    3     /* 0x3 */
#define SSH2_MSG_DEBUG                            4     /* 0x4 */
#define SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST                  5     /* 0x5 */
#define SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT                   6     /* 0x6 */
#define SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT                          20    /* 0x14 */
#define SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS                          21    /* 0x15 */
#define SSH2_MSG_KEXDH_INIT                       30    /* 0x1e */
#define SSH2_MSG_KEXDH_REPLY                      31    /* 0x1f */
#define SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST               30    /* 0x1e */
#define SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP                 31    /* 0x1f */
#define SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT                  32    /* 0x20 */
#define SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY                 33    /* 0x21 */
#define SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST                 50    /* 0x32 */
#define SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_FAILURE                 51    /* 0x33 */
#define SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_SUCCESS                 52    /* 0x34 */
#define SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_BANNER                  53    /* 0x35 */
#define SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_PK_OK                   60    /* 0x3c */
#define SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_PASSWD_CHANGEREQ        60    /* 0x3c */
#define SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_INFO_REQUEST            60    /* 0x3c */
#define SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_INFO_RESPONSE           61    /* 0x3d */
#define SSH2_MSG_GLOBAL_REQUEST                   80    /* 0x50 */
#define SSH2_MSG_REQUEST_SUCCESS                  81    /* 0x51 */
#define SSH2_MSG_REQUEST_FAILURE                  82    /* 0x52 */
#define SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_OPEN                     90    /* 0x5a */
#define SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_OPEN_CONFIRMATION        91    /* 0x5b */
#define SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_OPEN_FAILURE             92    /* 0x5c */
#define SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_WINDOW_ADJUST            93    /* 0x5d */
#define SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_DATA                     94    /* 0x5e */
#define SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_EXTENDED_DATA            95    /* 0x5f */
#define SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_EOF                      96    /* 0x60 */
#define SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_CLOSE                    97    /* 0x61 */
#define SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_REQUEST                  98    /* 0x62 */
#define SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_SUCCESS                  99    /* 0x63 */
#define SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_FAILURE                  100   /* 0x64 */

/*
 * Packet type contexts, so that ssh2_pkt_type can correctly decode
 * the ambiguous type numbers back into the correct type strings.
 */
#define SSH2_PKTCTX_DHGROUP1         0x0001
#define SSH2_PKTCTX_DHGEX            0x0002
#define SSH2_PKTCTX_PUBLICKEY        0x0010
#define SSH2_PKTCTX_PASSWORD         0x0020
#define SSH2_PKTCTX_KBDINTER         0x0040
#define SSH2_PKTCTX_AUTH_MASK        0x00F0

#define SSH2_DISCONNECT_HOST_NOT_ALLOWED_TO_CONNECT 1   /* 0x1 */
#define SSH2_DISCONNECT_PROTOCOL_ERROR            2     /* 0x2 */
#define SSH2_DISCONNECT_KEY_EXCHANGE_FAILED       3     /* 0x3 */
#define SSH2_DISCONNECT_HOST_AUTHENTICATION_FAILED 4    /* 0x4 */
#define SSH2_DISCONNECT_MAC_ERROR                 5     /* 0x5 */
#define SSH2_DISCONNECT_COMPRESSION_ERROR         6     /* 0x6 */
#define SSH2_DISCONNECT_SERVICE_NOT_AVAILABLE     7     /* 0x7 */
#define SSH2_DISCONNECT_PROTOCOL_VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED 8        /* 0x8 */
#define SSH2_DISCONNECT_HOST_KEY_NOT_VERIFIABLE   9     /* 0x9 */
#define SSH2_DISCONNECT_CONNECTION_LOST           10    /* 0xa */
#define SSH2_DISCONNECT_BY_APPLICATION            11    /* 0xb */
#define SSH2_DISCONNECT_TOO_MANY_CONNECTIONS      12    /* 0xc */
#define SSH2_DISCONNECT_AUTH_CANCELLED_BY_USER    13    /* 0xd */
#define SSH2_DISCONNECT_NO_MORE_AUTH_METHODS_AVAILABLE 14       /* 0xe */
#define SSH2_DISCONNECT_ILLEGAL_USER_NAME         15    /* 0xf */

static const char *const ssh2_disconnect_reasons[] = {
    NULL,
    "SSH_DISCONNECT_HOST_NOT_ALLOWED_TO_CONNECT",
    "SSH_DISCONNECT_PROTOCOL_ERROR",
    "SSH_DISCONNECT_KEY_EXCHANGE_FAILED",
    "SSH_DISCONNECT_HOST_AUTHENTICATION_FAILED",
    "SSH_DISCONNECT_MAC_ERROR",
    "SSH_DISCONNECT_COMPRESSION_ERROR",
    "SSH_DISCONNECT_SERVICE_NOT_AVAILABLE",
    "SSH_DISCONNECT_PROTOCOL_VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED",
    "SSH_DISCONNECT_HOST_KEY_NOT_VERIFIABLE",
    "SSH_DISCONNECT_CONNECTION_LOST",
    "SSH_DISCONNECT_BY_APPLICATION",
    "SSH_DISCONNECT_TOO_MANY_CONNECTIONS",
    "SSH_DISCONNECT_AUTH_CANCELLED_BY_USER",
    "SSH_DISCONNECT_NO_MORE_AUTH_METHODS_AVAILABLE",
    "SSH_DISCONNECT_ILLEGAL_USER_NAME",
};

#define SSH2_OPEN_ADMINISTRATIVELY_PROHIBITED     1     /* 0x1 */
#define SSH2_OPEN_CONNECT_FAILED                  2     /* 0x2 */
#define SSH2_OPEN_UNKNOWN_CHANNEL_TYPE            3     /* 0x3 */
#define SSH2_OPEN_RESOURCE_SHORTAGE               4     /* 0x4 */

#define SSH2_EXTENDED_DATA_STDERR                 1     /* 0x1 */

/*
 * Various remote-bug flags.
 */
#define BUG_CHOKES_ON_SSH1_IGNORE                 1
#define BUG_SSH2_HMAC                             2
#define BUG_NEEDS_SSH1_PLAIN_PASSWORD             4
#define BUG_CHOKES_ON_RSA                         8
#define BUG_SSH2_RSA_PADDING                     16
#define BUG_SSH2_DERIVEKEY                       32

static int ssh_pkt_ctx = 0;

#define translate(x) if (type == x) return #x
#define translatec(x,ctx) if (type == x && (ssh_pkt_ctx & ctx)) return #x
char *ssh1_pkt_type(int type)
{
    translate(SSH1_MSG_DISCONNECT);
    translate(SSH1_SMSG_PUBLIC_KEY);
    translate(SSH1_CMSG_SESSION_KEY);
    translate(SSH1_CMSG_USER);
    translate(SSH1_CMSG_AUTH_RSA);
    translate(SSH1_SMSG_AUTH_RSA_CHALLENGE);
    translate(SSH1_CMSG_AUTH_RSA_RESPONSE);
    translate(SSH1_CMSG_AUTH_PASSWORD);
    translate(SSH1_CMSG_REQUEST_PTY);
    translate(SSH1_CMSG_WINDOW_SIZE);
    translate(SSH1_CMSG_EXEC_SHELL);
    translate(SSH1_CMSG_EXEC_CMD);
    translate(SSH1_SMSG_SUCCESS);
    translate(SSH1_SMSG_FAILURE);
    translate(SSH1_CMSG_STDIN_DATA);
    translate(SSH1_SMSG_STDOUT_DATA);
    translate(SSH1_SMSG_STDERR_DATA);
    translate(SSH1_CMSG_EOF);
    translate(SSH1_SMSG_EXIT_STATUS);
    translate(SSH1_MSG_CHANNEL_OPEN_CONFIRMATION);
    translate(SSH1_MSG_CHANNEL_OPEN_FAILURE);
    translate(SSH1_MSG_CHANNEL_DATA);
    translate(SSH1_MSG_CHANNEL_CLOSE);
    translate(SSH1_MSG_CHANNEL_CLOSE_CONFIRMATION);
    translate(SSH1_SMSG_X11_OPEN);
    translate(SSH1_CMSG_PORT_FORWARD_REQUEST);
    translate(SSH1_MSG_PORT_OPEN);
    translate(SSH1_CMSG_AGENT_REQUEST_FORWARDING);
    translate(SSH1_SMSG_AGENT_OPEN);
    translate(SSH1_MSG_IGNORE);
    translate(SSH1_CMSG_EXIT_CONFIRMATION);
    translate(SSH1_CMSG_X11_REQUEST_FORWARDING);
    translate(SSH1_CMSG_AUTH_RHOSTS_RSA);
    translate(SSH1_MSG_DEBUG);
    translate(SSH1_CMSG_REQUEST_COMPRESSION);
    translate(SSH1_CMSG_AUTH_TIS);
    translate(SSH1_SMSG_AUTH_TIS_CHALLENGE);
    translate(SSH1_CMSG_AUTH_TIS_RESPONSE);
    translate(SSH1_CMSG_AUTH_CCARD);
    translate(SSH1_SMSG_AUTH_CCARD_CHALLENGE);
    translate(SSH1_CMSG_AUTH_CCARD_RESPONSE);
    return "unknown";
}
char *ssh2_pkt_type(int type)
{
    translate(SSH2_MSG_DISCONNECT);
    translate(SSH2_MSG_IGNORE);
    translate(SSH2_MSG_UNIMPLEMENTED);
    translate(SSH2_MSG_DEBUG);
    translate(SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST);
    translate(SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT);
    translate(SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT);
    translate(SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS);
    translatec(SSH2_MSG_KEXDH_INIT, SSH2_PKTCTX_DHGROUP1);
    translatec(SSH2_MSG_KEXDH_REPLY, SSH2_PKTCTX_DHGROUP1);
    translatec(SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST, SSH2_PKTCTX_DHGEX);
    translatec(SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP, SSH2_PKTCTX_DHGEX);
    translatec(SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT, SSH2_PKTCTX_DHGEX);
    translatec(SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY, SSH2_PKTCTX_DHGEX);
    translate(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST);
    translate(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_FAILURE);
    translate(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_SUCCESS);
    translate(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_BANNER);
    translatec(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_PK_OK, SSH2_PKTCTX_PUBLICKEY);
    translatec(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_PASSWD_CHANGEREQ, SSH2_PKTCTX_PASSWORD);
    translatec(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_INFO_REQUEST, SSH2_PKTCTX_KBDINTER);
    translatec(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_INFO_RESPONSE, SSH2_PKTCTX_KBDINTER);
    translate(SSH2_MSG_GLOBAL_REQUEST);
    translate(SSH2_MSG_REQUEST_SUCCESS);
    translate(SSH2_MSG_REQUEST_FAILURE);
    translate(SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_OPEN);
    translate(SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_OPEN_CONFIRMATION);
    translate(SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_OPEN_FAILURE);
    translate(SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_WINDOW_ADJUST);
    translate(SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_DATA);
    translate(SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_EXTENDED_DATA);
    translate(SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_EOF);
    translate(SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_CLOSE);
    translate(SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_REQUEST);
    translate(SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_SUCCESS);
    translate(SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_FAILURE);
    return "unknown";
}
#undef translate
#undef translatec

#define GET_32BIT(cp) \
    (((unsigned long)(unsigned char)(cp)[0] << 24) | \
    ((unsigned long)(unsigned char)(cp)[1] << 16) | \
    ((unsigned long)(unsigned char)(cp)[2] << 8) | \
    ((unsigned long)(unsigned char)(cp)[3]))

#define PUT_32BIT(cp, value) { \
    (cp)[0] = (unsigned char)((value) >> 24); \
    (cp)[1] = (unsigned char)((value) >> 16); \
    (cp)[2] = (unsigned char)((value) >> 8); \
    (cp)[3] = (unsigned char)(value); }

enum { PKT_END, PKT_INT, PKT_CHAR, PKT_DATA, PKT_STR, PKT_BIGNUM };

/* Coroutine mechanics for the sillier bits of the code */
#define crBegin1        static int crLine = 0;
#define crBegin2        switch(crLine) { case 0:;
#define crBegin         crBegin1; crBegin2;
#define crFinish(z)     } crLine = 0; return (z)
#define crFinishV       } crLine = 0; return
#define crReturn(z)     \
        do {\
            crLine=__LINE__; return (z); case __LINE__:;\
        } while (0)
#define crReturnV       \
        do {\
            crLine=__LINE__; return; case __LINE__:;\
        } while (0)
#define crStop(z)       do{ crLine = 0; return (z); }while(0)
#define crStopV         do{ crLine = 0; return; }while(0)
#define crWaitUntil(c)  do { crReturn(0); } while (!(c))
#define crWaitUntilV(c) do { crReturnV; } while (!(c))

extern char *x11_init(Socket *, char *, void *);
extern void x11_close(Socket);
extern int x11_send(Socket, char *, int);
extern void x11_invent_auth(char *, int, char *, int);
extern void x11_unthrottle(Socket s);
extern void x11_override_throttle(Socket s, int enable);

extern char *pfd_newconnect(Socket * s, char *hostname, int port, void *c);
extern char *pfd_addforward(char *desthost, int destport, int port);
extern void pfd_close(Socket s);
extern int pfd_send(Socket s, char *data, int len);
extern void pfd_confirm(Socket s);
extern void pfd_unthrottle(Socket s);
extern void pfd_override_throttle(Socket s, int enable);

static void ssh2_pkt_init(int pkt_type);
static void ssh2_pkt_addbool(unsigned char value);
static void ssh2_pkt_adduint32(unsigned long value);
static void ssh2_pkt_addstring_start(void);
static void ssh2_pkt_addstring_str(char *data);
static void ssh2_pkt_addstring_data(char *data, int len);
static void ssh2_pkt_addstring(char *data);
static char *ssh2_mpint_fmt(Bignum b, int *len);
static void ssh2_pkt_addmp(Bignum b);
static int ssh2_pkt_construct(void);
static void ssh2_pkt_send(void);

/*
 * Buffer management constants. There are several of these for
 * various different purposes:
 * 
 *  - SSH1_BUFFER_LIMIT is the amount of backlog that must build up
 *    on a local data stream before we throttle the whole SSH
 *    connection (in SSH1 only). Throttling the whole connection is
 *    pretty drastic so we set this high in the hope it won't
 *    happen very often.
 * 
 *  - SSH_MAX_BACKLOG is the amount of backlog that must build up
 *    on the SSH connection itself before we defensively throttle
 *    _all_ local data streams. This is pretty drastic too (though
 *    thankfully unlikely in SSH2 since the window mechanism should
 *    ensure that the server never has any need to throttle its end
 *    of the connection), so we set this high as well.
 * 
 *  - OUR_V2_WINSIZE is the maximum window size we present on SSH2
 *    channels.
 */

#define SSH1_BUFFER_LIMIT 32768
#define SSH_MAX_BACKLOG 32768
#define OUR_V2_WINSIZE 16384

const static struct ssh_kex *kex_algs[] = {
    &ssh_diffiehellman_gex,
    &ssh_diffiehellman
};

const static struct ssh_signkey *hostkey_algs[] = { &ssh_rsa, &ssh_dss };

static void nullmac_key(unsigned char *key)
{
}
static void nullmac_generate(unsigned char *blk, int len,
                             unsigned long seq)
{
}
static int nullmac_verify(unsigned char *blk, int len, unsigned long seq)
{
    return 1;
}
const static struct ssh_mac ssh_mac_none = {
    nullmac_key, nullmac_key, nullmac_generate, nullmac_verify, "none", 0
};
const static struct ssh_mac *macs[] = {
    &ssh_sha1, &ssh_md5, &ssh_mac_none
};
const static struct ssh_mac *buggymacs[] = {
    &ssh_sha1_buggy, &ssh_md5, &ssh_mac_none
};

static void ssh_comp_none_init(void)
{
}
static int ssh_comp_none_block(unsigned char *block, int len,
                               unsigned char **outblock, int *outlen)
{
    return 0;
}
static int ssh_comp_none_disable(void)
{
    return 0;
}
const static struct ssh_compress ssh_comp_none = {
    "none",
    ssh_comp_none_init, ssh_comp_none_block,
    ssh_comp_none_init, ssh_comp_none_block,
    ssh_comp_none_disable
};
extern const struct ssh_compress ssh_zlib;
const static struct ssh_compress *compressions[] = {
    &ssh_zlib, &ssh_comp_none
};

enum {                                 /* channel types */
    CHAN_MAINSESSION,
    CHAN_X11,
    CHAN_AGENT,
    CHAN_SOCKDATA,
    CHAN_SOCKDATA_DORMANT              /* one the remote hasn't confirmed */
};

/*
 * 2-3-4 tree storing channels.
 */
struct ssh_channel {
    unsigned remoteid, localid;
    int type;
    int closes;
    union {
        struct ssh1_data_channel {
            int throttling;
        } v1;
        struct ssh2_data_channel {
            bufchain outbuffer;
            unsigned remwindow, remmaxpkt;
            unsigned locwindow;
        } v2;
    } v;
    union {
        struct ssh_agent_channel {
            unsigned char *message;
            unsigned char msglen[4];
            int lensofar, totallen;
        } a;
        struct ssh_x11_channel {
            Socket s;
        } x11;
        struct ssh_pfd_channel {
            Socket s;
        } pfd;
    } u;
};

/*
 * 2-3-4 tree storing remote->local port forwardings. SSH 1 and SSH
 * 2 use this structure in different ways, reflecting SSH 2's
 * altogether saner approach to port forwarding.
 * 
 * In SSH 1, you arrange a remote forwarding by sending the server
 * the remote port number, and the local destination host:port.
 * When a connection comes in, the server sends you back that
 * host:port pair, and you connect to it. This is a ready-made
 * security hole if you're not on the ball: a malicious server
 * could send you back _any_ host:port pair, so if you trustingly
 * connect to the address it gives you then you've just opened the
 * entire inside of your corporate network just by connecting
 * through it to a dodgy SSH server. Hence, we must store a list of
 * host:port pairs we _are_ trying to forward to, and reject a
 * connection request from the server if it's not in the list.
 * 
 * In SSH 2, each side of the connection minds its own business and
 * doesn't send unnecessary information to the other. You arrange a
 * remote forwarding by sending the server just the remote port
 * number. When a connection comes in, the server tells you which
 * of its ports was connected to; and _you_ have to remember what
 * local host:port pair went with that port number.
 * 
 * Hence: in SSH 1 this structure stores host:port pairs we intend
 * to allow connections to, and is indexed by those host:port
 * pairs. In SSH 2 it stores a mapping from source port to
 * destination host:port pair, and is indexed by source port.
 */
struct ssh_rportfwd {
    unsigned sport, dport;
    char dhost[256];
};

struct Packet {
    long length;
    int type;
    unsigned char *data;
    unsigned char *body;
    long savedpos;
    long maxlen;
};

static SHA_State exhash, exhashbase;

static Socket s = NULL;

static unsigned char session_key[32];
static int ssh1_compressing;
static int ssh1_remote_protoflags;
static int ssh1_local_protoflags;
static int ssh_agentfwd_enabled;
static int ssh_X11_fwd_enabled;
static int ssh_remote_bugs;
static const struct ssh_cipher *cipher = NULL;
static const struct ssh2_cipher *cscipher = NULL;
static const struct ssh2_cipher *sccipher = NULL;
static const struct ssh_mac *csmac = NULL;
static const struct ssh_mac *scmac = NULL;
static const struct ssh_compress *cscomp = NULL;
static const struct ssh_compress *sccomp = NULL;
static const struct ssh_kex *kex = NULL;
static const struct ssh_signkey *hostkey = NULL;
static unsigned char ssh2_session_id[20];

static char *savedhost;
static int savedport;
static int ssh_send_ok;
static int ssh_echoing, ssh_editing;

static tree234 *ssh_channels;          /* indexed by local id */
static struct ssh_channel *mainchan;   /* primary session channel */
static int ssh_exitcode = -1;

static tree234 *ssh_rportfwds;

static enum {
    SSH_STATE_PREPACKET,
    SSH_STATE_BEFORE_SIZE,
    SSH_STATE_INTERMED,
    SSH_STATE_SESSION,
    SSH_STATE_CLOSED
} ssh_state = SSH_STATE_PREPACKET;

static int size_needed = FALSE, eof_needed = FALSE;

static struct Packet pktin = { 0, 0, NULL, NULL, 0 };
static struct Packet pktout = { 0, 0, NULL, NULL, 0 };
static unsigned char *deferred_send_data = NULL;
static int deferred_len = 0, deferred_size = 0;

/*
 * Gross hack: pscp will try to start SFTP but fall back to scp1 if
 * that fails. This variable is the means by which scp.c can reach
 * into the SSH code and find out which one it got.
 */
int ssh_fallback_cmd = 0;

static int ssh_version;
static int ssh1_throttle_count;
static int ssh_overall_bufsize;
static int ssh_throttled_all;
static int ssh1_stdout_throttling;
static void (*ssh_protocol) (unsigned char *in, int inlen, int ispkt);
static void ssh1_protocol(unsigned char *in, int inlen, int ispkt);
static void ssh2_protocol(unsigned char *in, int inlen, int ispkt);
static void ssh_size(void);
static void ssh_special(Telnet_Special);
static int ssh2_try_send(struct ssh_channel *c);
static void ssh2_add_channel_data(struct ssh_channel *c, char *buf,
                                  int len);
static void ssh_throttle_all(int enable, int bufsize);
static void ssh2_set_window(struct ssh_channel *c, unsigned newwin);
static int (*s_rdpkt) (unsigned char **data, int *datalen);
static int ssh_sendbuffer(void);

static struct rdpkt1_state_tag {
    long len, pad, biglen, to_read;
    unsigned long realcrc, gotcrc;
    unsigned char *p;
    int i;
    int chunk;
} rdpkt1_state;

static struct rdpkt2_state_tag {
    long len, pad, payload, packetlen, maclen;
    int i;
    int cipherblk;
    unsigned long incoming_sequence;
} rdpkt2_state;

static int ssh_channelcmp(void *av, void *bv)
{
    struct ssh_channel *a = (struct ssh_channel *) av;
    struct ssh_channel *b = (struct ssh_channel *) bv;
    if (a->localid < b->localid)
        return -1;
    if (a->localid > b->localid)
        return +1;
    return 0;
}
static int ssh_channelfind(void *av, void *bv)
{
    unsigned *a = (unsigned *) av;
    struct ssh_channel *b = (struct ssh_channel *) bv;
    if (*a < b->localid)
        return -1;
    if (*a > b->localid)
        return +1;
    return 0;
}

static int ssh_rportcmp_ssh1(void *av, void *bv)
{
    struct ssh_rportfwd *a = (struct ssh_rportfwd *) av;
    struct ssh_rportfwd *b = (struct ssh_rportfwd *) bv;
    int i;
    if ( (i = strcmp(a->dhost, b->dhost)) != 0)
        return i < 0 ? -1 : +1;
    if (a->dport > b->dport)
        return +1;
    if (a->dport < b->dport)
        return -1;
    return 0;
}

static int ssh_rportcmp_ssh2(void *av, void *bv)
{
    struct ssh_rportfwd *a = (struct ssh_rportfwd *) av;
    struct ssh_rportfwd *b = (struct ssh_rportfwd *) bv;

    if (a->sport > b->sport)
        return +1;
    if (a->sport < b->sport)
        return -1;
    return 0;
}

static int alloc_channel_id(void)
{
    const unsigned CHANNEL_NUMBER_OFFSET = 256;
    unsigned low, high, mid;
    int tsize;
    struct ssh_channel *c;

    /*
     * First-fit allocation of channel numbers: always pick the
     * lowest unused one. To do this, binary-search using the
     * counted B-tree to find the largest channel ID which is in a
     * contiguous sequence from the beginning. (Precisely
     * everything in that sequence must have ID equal to its tree
     * index plus CHANNEL_NUMBER_OFFSET.)
     */
    tsize = count234(ssh_channels);

    low = -1;
    high = tsize;
    while (high - low > 1) {
        mid = (high + low) / 2;
        c = index234(ssh_channels, mid);
        if (c->localid == mid + CHANNEL_NUMBER_OFFSET)
            low = mid;                 /* this one is fine */
        else
            high = mid;                /* this one is past it */
    }
    /*
     * Now low points to either -1, or the tree index of the
     * largest ID in the initial sequence.
     */
    {
        unsigned i = low + 1 + CHANNEL_NUMBER_OFFSET;
        assert(NULL == find234(ssh_channels, &i, ssh_channelfind));
    }
    return low + 1 + CHANNEL_NUMBER_OFFSET;
}

static void c_write(char *buf, int len)
{
    if ((flags & FLAG_STDERR)) {
        int i;
        for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
            if (buf[i] != '\r')
                fputc(buf[i], stderr);
        return;
    }
    from_backend(1, buf, len);
}

static void c_write_untrusted(char *buf, int len)
{
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
        if (buf[i] == '\n')
            c_write("\r\n", 2);
        else if ((buf[i] & 0x60) || (buf[i] == '\r'))
            c_write(buf + i, 1);
    }
}

static void c_write_str(char *buf)
{
    c_write(buf, strlen(buf));
}

/*
 * Collect incoming data in the incoming packet buffer.
 * Decipher and verify the packet when it is completely read.
 * Drop SSH1_MSG_DEBUG and SSH1_MSG_IGNORE packets.
 * Update the *data and *datalen variables.
 * Return the additional nr of bytes needed, or 0 when
 * a complete packet is available.
 */
static int ssh1_rdpkt(unsigned char **data, int *datalen)
{
    struct rdpkt1_state_tag *st = &rdpkt1_state;

    crBegin;

  next_packet:

    pktin.type = 0;
    pktin.length = 0;

    for (st->i = st->len = 0; st->i < 4; st->i++) {
        while ((*datalen) == 0)
            crReturn(4 - st->i);
        st->len = (st->len << 8) + **data;
        (*data)++, (*datalen)--;
    }

    st->pad = 8 - (st->len % 8);
    st->biglen = st->len + st->pad;
    pktin.length = st->len - 5;

    if (pktin.maxlen < st->biglen) {
        pktin.maxlen = st->biglen;
        pktin.data = (pktin.data == NULL ? smalloc(st->biglen + APIEXTRA) :
                      srealloc(pktin.data, st->biglen + APIEXTRA));
        if (!pktin.data)
            fatalbox("Out of memory");
    }

    st->to_read = st->biglen;
    st->p = pktin.data;
    while (st->to_read > 0) {
        st->chunk = st->to_read;
        while ((*datalen) == 0)
            crReturn(st->to_read);
        if (st->chunk > (*datalen))
            st->chunk = (*datalen);
        memcpy(st->p, *data, st->chunk);
        *data += st->chunk;
        *datalen -= st->chunk;
        st->p += st->chunk;
        st->to_read -= st->chunk;
    }

    if (cipher && detect_attack(pktin.data, st->biglen, NULL)) {
        bombout(("Network attack (CRC compensation) detected!"));
        crReturn(0);
    }

    if (cipher)
        cipher->decrypt(pktin.data, st->biglen);

    st->realcrc = crc32(pktin.data, st->biglen - 4);
    st->gotcrc = GET_32BIT(pktin.data + st->biglen - 4);
    if (st->gotcrc != st->realcrc) {
        bombout(("Incorrect CRC received on packet"));
        crReturn(0);
    }

    pktin.body = pktin.data + st->pad + 1;

    if (ssh1_compressing) {
        unsigned char *decompblk;
        int decomplen;
        zlib_decompress_block(pktin.body - 1, pktin.length + 1,
                              &decompblk, &decomplen);

        if (pktin.maxlen < st->pad + decomplen) {
            pktin.maxlen = st->pad + decomplen;
            pktin.data = srealloc(pktin.data, pktin.maxlen + APIEXTRA);
            pktin.body = pktin.data + st->pad + 1;
            if (!pktin.data)
                fatalbox("Out of memory");
        }

        memcpy(pktin.body - 1, decompblk, decomplen);
        sfree(decompblk);
        pktin.length = decomplen - 1;
    }

    pktin.type = pktin.body[-1];

    log_packet(PKT_INCOMING, pktin.type, ssh1_pkt_type(pktin.type),
               pktin.body, pktin.length);

    if (pktin.type == SSH1_SMSG_STDOUT_DATA ||
        pktin.type == SSH1_SMSG_STDERR_DATA ||
        pktin.type == SSH1_MSG_DEBUG ||
        pktin.type == SSH1_SMSG_AUTH_TIS_CHALLENGE ||
        pktin.type == SSH1_SMSG_AUTH_CCARD_CHALLENGE) {
        long stringlen = GET_32BIT(pktin.body);
        if (stringlen + 4 != pktin.length) {
            bombout(("Received data packet with bogus string length"));
            crReturn(0);
        }
    }

    if (pktin.type == SSH1_MSG_DEBUG) {
        /* log debug message */
        char buf[512];
        int stringlen = GET_32BIT(pktin.body);
        strcpy(buf, "Remote debug message: ");
        if (stringlen > 480)
            stringlen = 480;
        memcpy(buf + 8, pktin.body + 4, stringlen);
        buf[8 + stringlen] = '\0';
        logevent(buf);
        goto next_packet;
    } else if (pktin.type == SSH1_MSG_IGNORE) {
        /* do nothing */
        goto next_packet;
    }

    if (pktin.type == SSH1_MSG_DISCONNECT) {
        /* log reason code in disconnect message */
        char buf[256];
        unsigned msglen = GET_32BIT(pktin.body);
        unsigned nowlen;
        strcpy(buf, "Remote sent disconnect: ");
        nowlen = strlen(buf);
        if (msglen > sizeof(buf) - nowlen - 1)
            msglen = sizeof(buf) - nowlen - 1;
        memcpy(buf + nowlen, pktin.body + 4, msglen);
        buf[nowlen + msglen] = '\0';
        /* logevent(buf); (this is now done within the bombout macro) */
        bombout(("Server sent disconnect message:\n\"%s\"", buf+nowlen));
        crReturn(0);
    }

    crFinish(0);
}

static int ssh2_rdpkt(unsigned char **data, int *datalen)
{
    struct rdpkt2_state_tag *st = &rdpkt2_state;

    crBegin;

  next_packet:
    pktin.type = 0;
    pktin.length = 0;
    if (sccipher)
        st->cipherblk = sccipher->blksize;
    else
        st->cipherblk = 8;
    if (st->cipherblk < 8)
        st->cipherblk = 8;

    if (pktin.maxlen < st->cipherblk) {
        pktin.maxlen = st->cipherblk;
        pktin.data =
            (pktin.data ==
             NULL ? smalloc(st->cipherblk +
                            APIEXTRA) : srealloc(pktin.data,
                                                 st->cipherblk +
                                                 APIEXTRA));
        if (!pktin.data)
            fatalbox("Out of memory");
    }

    /*
     * Acquire and decrypt the first block of the packet. This will
     * contain the length and padding details.
     */
    for (st->i = st->len = 0; st->i < st->cipherblk; st->i++) {
        while ((*datalen) == 0)
            crReturn(st->cipherblk - st->i);
        pktin.data[st->i] = *(*data)++;
        (*datalen)--;
    }

    if (sccipher)
        sccipher->decrypt(pktin.data, st->cipherblk);

    /*
     * Now get the length and padding figures.
     */
    st->len = GET_32BIT(pktin.data);
    st->pad = pktin.data[4];

    /*
     * _Completely_ silly lengths should be stomped on before they
     * do us any more damage.
     */
    if (st->len < 0 || st->pad < 0 || st->len + st->pad < 0) {
        bombout(("Incoming packet was garbled on decryption"));
        crReturn(0);
    }

    /*
     * This enables us to deduce the payload length.
     */
    st->payload = st->len - st->pad - 1;

    pktin.length = st->payload + 5;

    /*
     * So now we can work out the total packet length.
     */
    st->packetlen = st->len + 4;
    st->maclen = scmac ? scmac->len : 0;

    /*
     * Adjust memory allocation if packet is too big.
     */
    if (pktin.maxlen < st->packetlen + st->maclen) {
        pktin.maxlen = st->packetlen + st->maclen;
        pktin.data =
            (pktin.data ==
             NULL ? smalloc(pktin.maxlen + APIEXTRA) : srealloc(pktin.data,
                                                                pktin.maxlen
                                                                +
                                                                APIEXTRA));
        if (!pktin.data)
            fatalbox("Out of memory");
    }

    /*
     * Read and decrypt the remainder of the packet.
     */
    for (st->i = st->cipherblk; st->i < st->packetlen + st->maclen;
         st->i++) {
        while ((*datalen) == 0)
            crReturn(st->packetlen + st->maclen - st->i);
        pktin.data[st->i] = *(*data)++;
        (*datalen)--;
    }
    /* Decrypt everything _except_ the MAC. */
    if (sccipher)
        sccipher->decrypt(pktin.data + st->cipherblk,
                          st->packetlen - st->cipherblk);

    /*
     * Check the MAC.
     */
    if (scmac
        && !scmac->verify(pktin.data, st->len + 4,
                          st->incoming_sequence)) {
        bombout(("Incorrect MAC received on packet"));
        crReturn(0);
    }
    st->incoming_sequence++;           /* whether or not we MACed */

    /*
     * Decompress packet payload.
     */
    {
        unsigned char *newpayload;
        int newlen;
        if (sccomp && sccomp->decompress(pktin.data + 5, pktin.length - 5,
                                         &newpayload, &newlen)) {
            if (pktin.maxlen < newlen + 5) {
                pktin.maxlen = newlen + 5;
                pktin.data =
                    (pktin.data ==
                     NULL ? smalloc(pktin.maxlen +
                                    APIEXTRA) : srealloc(pktin.data,
                                                         pktin.maxlen +
                                                         APIEXTRA));
                if (!pktin.data)
                    fatalbox("Out of memory");
            }
            pktin.length = 5 + newlen;
            memcpy(pktin.data + 5, newpayload, newlen);
            sfree(newpayload);
        }
    }

    pktin.savedpos = 6;
    pktin.type = pktin.data[5];

    log_packet(PKT_INCOMING, pktin.type, ssh2_pkt_type(pktin.type),
               pktin.data+6, pktin.length-6);

    switch (pktin.type) {
        /*
         * These packets we must handle instantly.
         */
      case SSH2_MSG_DISCONNECT:
        {
            /* log reason code in disconnect message */
            char buf[256];
            int reason = GET_32BIT(pktin.data + 6);
            unsigned msglen = GET_32BIT(pktin.data + 10);
            unsigned nowlen;
            if (reason > 0 && reason < lenof(ssh2_disconnect_reasons)) {
                sprintf(buf, "Received disconnect message (%s)",
                        ssh2_disconnect_reasons[reason]);
            } else {
                sprintf(buf, "Received disconnect message (unknown type %d)",
                        reason);
            }
            logevent(buf);
            strcpy(buf, "Disconnection message text: ");
            nowlen = strlen(buf);
            if (msglen > sizeof(buf) - nowlen - 1)
                msglen = sizeof(buf) - nowlen - 1;
            memcpy(buf + nowlen, pktin.data + 14, msglen);
            buf[nowlen + msglen] = '\0';
            logevent(buf);
            bombout(("Server sent disconnect message\ntype %d (%s):\n\"%s\"",
                     reason,
                     (reason > 0 && reason < lenof(ssh2_disconnect_reasons)) ?
                     ssh2_disconnect_reasons[reason] : "unknown",
                     buf+nowlen));
            crReturn(0);
        }
        break;
      case SSH2_MSG_IGNORE:
        goto next_packet;
      case SSH2_MSG_DEBUG:
        {
            /* log the debug message */
            char buf[512];
            /* int display = pktin.body[6]; */
            int stringlen = GET_32BIT(pktin.data+7);
            int prefix;
            strcpy(buf, "Remote debug message: ");
            prefix = strlen(buf);
            if (stringlen > sizeof(buf)-prefix-1)
                stringlen = sizeof(buf)-prefix-1;
            memcpy(buf + prefix, pktin.data + 11, stringlen);
            buf[prefix + stringlen] = '\0';
            logevent(buf);
        }
        goto next_packet;              /* FIXME: print the debug message */

        /*
         * These packets we need do nothing about here.
         */
      case SSH2_MSG_UNIMPLEMENTED:
      case SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST:
      case SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT:
      case SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT:
      case SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS:
      case SSH2_MSG_KEXDH_INIT:
      case SSH2_MSG_KEXDH_REPLY:
      /* case SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST: duplicate case value */
      /* case SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP: duplicate case value */
      case SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT:
      case SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY:
      case SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST:
      case SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_FAILURE:
      case SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_SUCCESS:
      case SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_BANNER:
      case SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_PK_OK:
      /* case SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_PASSWD_CHANGEREQ: duplicate case value */
      /* case SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_INFO_REQUEST: duplicate case value */
      case SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_INFO_RESPONSE:
      case SSH2_MSG_GLOBAL_REQUEST:
      case SSH2_MSG_REQUEST_SUCCESS:
      case SSH2_MSG_REQUEST_FAILURE:
      case SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_OPEN:
      case SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_OPEN_CONFIRMATION:
      case SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_OPEN_FAILURE:
      case SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_WINDOW_ADJUST:
      case SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_DATA:
      case SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_EXTENDED_DATA:
      case SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_EOF:
      case SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_CLOSE:
      case SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_REQUEST:
      case SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_SUCCESS:
      case SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_FAILURE:
        break;

        /*
         * For anything else we send SSH2_MSG_UNIMPLEMENTED.
         */
      default:
        ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_UNIMPLEMENTED);
        ssh2_pkt_adduint32(st->incoming_sequence - 1);
        ssh2_pkt_send();
        break;
    }

    crFinish(0);
}

static void ssh1_pktout_size(int len)
{
    int pad, biglen;

    len += 5;                          /* type and CRC */
    pad = 8 - (len % 8);
    biglen = len + pad;

    pktout.length = len - 5;
    if (pktout.maxlen < biglen) {
        pktout.maxlen = biglen;
#ifdef MSCRYPTOAPI
        /* Allocate enough buffer space for extra block
         * for MS CryptEncrypt() */
        pktout.data = (pktout.data == NULL ? smalloc(biglen + 12) :
                       srealloc(pktout.data, biglen + 12));
#else
        pktout.data = (pktout.data == NULL ? smalloc(biglen + 4) :
                       srealloc(pktout.data, biglen + 4));
#endif
        if (!pktout.data)
            fatalbox("Out of memory");
    }
    pktout.body = pktout.data + 4 + pad + 1;
}

static void s_wrpkt_start(int type, int len)
{
    ssh1_pktout_size(len);
    pktout.type = type;
}

static int s_wrpkt_prepare(void)
{
    int pad, len, biglen, i;
    unsigned long crc;

    pktout.body[-1] = pktout.type;

    log_packet(PKT_OUTGOING, pktout.type, ssh1_pkt_type(pktout.type),
               pktout.body, pktout.length);

    if (ssh1_compressing) {
        unsigned char *compblk;
        int complen;
        zlib_compress_block(pktout.body - 1, pktout.length + 1,
                            &compblk, &complen);
        ssh1_pktout_size(complen - 1);
        memcpy(pktout.body - 1, compblk, complen);
        sfree(compblk);
    }

    len = pktout.length + 5;           /* type and CRC */
    pad = 8 - (len % 8);
    biglen = len + pad;

    for (i = 0; i < pad; i++)
        pktout.data[i + 4] = random_byte();
    crc = crc32(pktout.data + 4, biglen - 4);
    PUT_32BIT(pktout.data + biglen, crc);
    PUT_32BIT(pktout.data, len);

    if (cipher)
        cipher->encrypt(pktout.data + 4, biglen);

    return biglen + 4;
}

static void s_wrpkt(void)
{
    int len, backlog;
    len = s_wrpkt_prepare();
    backlog = sk_write(s, pktout.data, len);
    if (backlog > SSH_MAX_BACKLOG)
        ssh_throttle_all(1, backlog);
}

static void s_wrpkt_defer(void)
{
    int len;
    len = s_wrpkt_prepare();
    if (deferred_len + len > deferred_size) {
        deferred_size = deferred_len + len + 128;
        deferred_send_data = srealloc(deferred_send_data, deferred_size);
    }
    memcpy(deferred_send_data + deferred_len, pktout.data, len);
    deferred_len += len;
}

/*
 * Construct a packet with the specified contents.
 */
static void construct_packet(int pkttype, va_list ap1, va_list ap2)
{
    unsigned char *p, *argp, argchar;
    unsigned long argint;
    int pktlen, argtype, arglen;
    Bignum bn;

    pktlen = 0;
    while ((argtype = va_arg(ap1, int)) != PKT_END) {
        switch (argtype) {
          case PKT_INT:
            (void) va_arg(ap1, int);
            pktlen += 4;
            break;
          case PKT_CHAR:
            (void) va_arg(ap1, char);
            pktlen++;
            break;
          case PKT_DATA:
            (void) va_arg(ap1, unsigned char *);
            arglen = va_arg(ap1, int);
            pktlen += arglen;
            break;
          case PKT_STR:
            argp = va_arg(ap1, unsigned char *);
            arglen = strlen(argp);
            pktlen += 4 + arglen;
            break;
          case PKT_BIGNUM:
            bn = va_arg(ap1, Bignum);
            pktlen += ssh1_bignum_length(bn);
            break;
          default:
            assert(0);
        }
    }

    s_wrpkt_start(pkttype, pktlen);
    p = pktout.body;

    while ((argtype = va_arg(ap2, int)) != PKT_END) {
        switch (argtype) {
          case PKT_INT:
            argint = va_arg(ap2, int);
            PUT_32BIT(p, argint);
            p += 4;
            break;
          case PKT_CHAR:
            argchar = va_arg(ap2, unsigned char);
            *p = argchar;
            p++;
            break;
          case PKT_DATA:
            argp = va_arg(ap2, unsigned char *);
            arglen = va_arg(ap2, int);
            memcpy(p, argp, arglen);
            p += arglen;
            break;
          case PKT_STR:
            argp = va_arg(ap2, unsigned char *);
            arglen = strlen(argp);
            PUT_32BIT(p, arglen);
            memcpy(p + 4, argp, arglen);
            p += 4 + arglen;
            break;
          case PKT_BIGNUM:
            bn = va_arg(ap2, Bignum);
            p += ssh1_write_bignum(p, bn);
            break;
        }
    }
}

static void send_packet(int pkttype, ...)
{
    va_list ap1, ap2;
    va_start(ap1, pkttype);
    va_start(ap2, pkttype);
    construct_packet(pkttype, ap1, ap2);
    s_wrpkt();
}

static void defer_packet(int pkttype, ...)
{
    va_list ap1, ap2;
    va_start(ap1, pkttype);
    va_start(ap2, pkttype);
    construct_packet(pkttype, ap1, ap2);
    s_wrpkt_defer();
}

static int ssh_versioncmp(char *a, char *b)
{
    char *ae, *be;
    unsigned long av, bv;

    av = strtoul(a, &ae, 10);
    bv = strtoul(b, &be, 10);
    if (av != bv)
        return (av < bv ? -1 : +1);
    if (*ae == '.')
        ae++;
    if (*be == '.')
        be++;
    av = strtoul(ae, &ae, 10);
    bv = strtoul(be, &be, 10);
    if (av != bv)
        return (av < bv ? -1 : +1);
    return 0;
}


/*
 * Utility routines for putting an SSH-protocol `string' and
 * `uint32' into a SHA state.
 */
#include <stdio.h>
static void sha_string(SHA_State * s, void *str, int len)
{
    unsigned char lenblk[4];
    PUT_32BIT(lenblk, len);
    SHA_Bytes(s, lenblk, 4);
    SHA_Bytes(s, str, len);
}

static void sha_uint32(SHA_State * s, unsigned i)
{
    unsigned char intblk[4];
    PUT_32BIT(intblk, i);
    SHA_Bytes(s, intblk, 4);
}

/*
 * SSH2 packet construction functions.
 */
static void ssh2_pkt_ensure(int length)
{
    if (pktout.maxlen < length) {
        pktout.maxlen = length + 256;
        pktout.data =
            (pktout.data ==
             NULL ? smalloc(pktout.maxlen +
                            APIEXTRA) : srealloc(pktout.data,
                                                 pktout.maxlen +
                                                 APIEXTRA));
        if (!pktout.data)
            fatalbox("Out of memory");
    }
}
static void ssh2_pkt_adddata(void *data, int len)
{
    pktout.length += len;
    ssh2_pkt_ensure(pktout.length);
    memcpy(pktout.data + pktout.length - len, data, len);
}
static void ssh2_pkt_addbyte(unsigned char byte)
{
    ssh2_pkt_adddata(&byte, 1);
}
static void ssh2_pkt_init(int pkt_type)
{
    pktout.length = 5;
    ssh2_pkt_addbyte((unsigned char) pkt_type);
}
static void ssh2_pkt_addbool(unsigned char value)
{
    ssh2_pkt_adddata(&value, 1);
}
static void ssh2_pkt_adduint32(unsigned long value)
{
    unsigned char x[4];
    PUT_32BIT(x, value);
    ssh2_pkt_adddata(x, 4);
}
static void ssh2_pkt_addstring_start(void)
{
    ssh2_pkt_adduint32(0);
    pktout.savedpos = pktout.length;
}
static void ssh2_pkt_addstring_str(char *data)
{
    ssh2_pkt_adddata(data, strlen(data));
    PUT_32BIT(pktout.data + pktout.savedpos - 4,
              pktout.length - pktout.savedpos);
}
static void ssh2_pkt_addstring_data(char *data, int len)
{
    ssh2_pkt_adddata(data, len);
    PUT_32BIT(pktout.data + pktout.savedpos - 4,
              pktout.length - pktout.savedpos);
}
static void ssh2_pkt_addstring(char *data)
{
    ssh2_pkt_addstring_start();
    ssh2_pkt_addstring_str(data);
}
static char *ssh2_mpint_fmt(Bignum b, int *len)
{
    unsigned char *p;
    int i, n = (bignum_bitcount(b) + 7) / 8;
    p = smalloc(n + 1);
    if (!p)
        fatalbox("out of memory");
    p[0] = 0;
    for (i = 1; i <= n; i++)
        p[i] = bignum_byte(b, n - i);
    i = 0;
    while (i <= n && p[i] == 0 && (p[i + 1] & 0x80) == 0)
        i++;
    memmove(p, p + i, n + 1 - i);
    *len = n + 1 - i;
    return p;
}
static void ssh2_pkt_addmp(Bignum b)
{
    unsigned char *p;
    int len;
    p = ssh2_mpint_fmt(b, &len);
    ssh2_pkt_addstring_start();
    ssh2_pkt_addstring_data(p, len);
    sfree(p);
}

/*
 * Construct an SSH2 final-form packet: compress it, encrypt it,
 * put the MAC on it. Final packet, ready to be sent, is stored in
 * pktout.data. Total length is returned.
 */
static int ssh2_pkt_construct(void)
{
    int cipherblk, maclen, padding, i;
    static unsigned long outgoing_sequence = 0;

    log_packet(PKT_OUTGOING, pktout.data[5], ssh2_pkt_type(pktout.data[5]),
               pktout.data + 6, pktout.length - 6);

    /*
     * Compress packet payload.
     */
    {
        unsigned char *newpayload;
        int newlen;
        if (cscomp && cscomp->compress(pktout.data + 5, pktout.length - 5,
                                       &newpayload, &newlen)) {
            pktout.length = 5;
            ssh2_pkt_adddata(newpayload, newlen);
            sfree(newpayload);
        }
    }

    /*
     * Add padding. At least four bytes, and must also bring total
     * length (minus MAC) up to a multiple of the block size.
     */
    cipherblk = cscipher ? cscipher->blksize : 8;       /* block size */
    cipherblk = cipherblk < 8 ? 8 : cipherblk;  /* or 8 if blksize < 8 */
    padding = 4;
    padding +=
        (cipherblk - (pktout.length + padding) % cipherblk) % cipherblk;
    maclen = csmac ? csmac->len : 0;
    ssh2_pkt_ensure(pktout.length + padding + maclen);
    pktout.data[4] = padding;
    for (i = 0; i < padding; i++)
        pktout.data[pktout.length + i] = random_byte();
    PUT_32BIT(pktout.data, pktout.length + padding - 4);
    if (csmac)
        csmac->generate(pktout.data, pktout.length + padding,
                        outgoing_sequence);
    outgoing_sequence++;               /* whether or not we MACed */

    if (cscipher)
        cscipher->encrypt(pktout.data, pktout.length + padding);

    /* Ready-to-send packet starts at pktout.data. We return length. */
    return pktout.length + padding + maclen;
}

/*
 * Construct and send an SSH2 packet immediately.
 */
static void ssh2_pkt_send(void)
{
    int len;
    int backlog;
    len = ssh2_pkt_construct();
    backlog = sk_write(s, pktout.data, len);
    if (backlog > SSH_MAX_BACKLOG)
        ssh_throttle_all(1, backlog);
}

/*
 * Construct an SSH2 packet and add it to a deferred data block.
 * Useful for sending multiple packets in a single sk_write() call,
 * to prevent a traffic-analysing listener from being able to work
 * out the length of any particular packet (such as the password
 * packet).
 * 
 * Note that because SSH2 sequence-numbers its packets, this can
 * NOT be used as an m4-style `defer' allowing packets to be
 * constructed in one order and sent in another.
 */
static void ssh2_pkt_defer(void)
{
    int len = ssh2_pkt_construct();
    if (deferred_len + len > deferred_size) {
        deferred_size = deferred_len + len + 128;
        deferred_send_data = srealloc(deferred_send_data, deferred_size);
    }
    memcpy(deferred_send_data + deferred_len, pktout.data, len);
    deferred_len += len;
}

/*
 * Send the whole deferred data block constructed by
 * ssh2_pkt_defer() or SSH1's defer_packet().
 */
static void ssh_pkt_defersend(void)
{
    int backlog;
    backlog = sk_write(s, deferred_send_data, deferred_len);
    deferred_len = deferred_size = 0;
    sfree(deferred_send_data);
    deferred_send_data = NULL;
    if (backlog > SSH_MAX_BACKLOG)
        ssh_throttle_all(1, backlog);
}

#if 0
void bndebug(char *string, Bignum b)
{
    unsigned char *p;
    int i, len;
    p = ssh2_mpint_fmt(b, &len);
    debug(("%s", string));
    for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
        debug((" %02x", p[i]));
    debug(("\n"));
    sfree(p);
}
#endif

static void sha_mpint(SHA_State * s, Bignum b)
{
    unsigned char *p;
    int len;
    p = ssh2_mpint_fmt(b, &len);
    sha_string(s, p, len);
    sfree(p);
}

/*
 * SSH2 packet decode functions.
 */
static unsigned long ssh2_pkt_getuint32(void)
{
    unsigned long value;
    if (pktin.length - pktin.savedpos < 4)
        return 0;                      /* arrgh, no way to decline (FIXME?) */
    value = GET_32BIT(pktin.data + pktin.savedpos);
    pktin.savedpos += 4;
    return value;
}
static int ssh2_pkt_getbool(void)
{
    unsigned long value;
    if (pktin.length - pktin.savedpos < 1)
        return 0;                      /* arrgh, no way to decline (FIXME?) */
    value = pktin.data[pktin.savedpos] != 0;
    pktin.savedpos++;
    return value;
}
static void ssh2_pkt_getstring(char **p, int *length)
{
    *p = NULL;
    *length = 0;
    if (pktin.length - pktin.savedpos < 4)
        return;
    *length = GET_32BIT(pktin.data + pktin.savedpos);
    pktin.savedpos += 4;
    if (pktin.length - pktin.savedpos < *length)
        return;
    *p = pktin.data + pktin.savedpos;
    pktin.savedpos += *length;
}
static Bignum ssh2_pkt_getmp(void)
{
    char *p;
    int length;
    Bignum b;

    ssh2_pkt_getstring(&p, &length);
    if (!p)
        return NULL;
    if (p[0] & 0x80) {
        bombout(("internal error: Can't handle negative mpints"));
        return NULL;
    }
    b = bignum_from_bytes(p, length);
    return b;
}

/*
 * Helper function to add an SSH2 signature blob to a packet.
 * Expects to be shown the public key blob as well as the signature
 * blob. Normally works just like ssh2_pkt_addstring, but will
 * fiddle with the signature packet if necessary for
 * BUG_SSH2_RSA_PADDING.
 */
static void ssh2_add_sigblob(void *pkblob_v, int pkblob_len,
                             void *sigblob_v, int sigblob_len)
{
    unsigned char *pkblob = (unsigned char *)pkblob_v;
    unsigned char *sigblob = (unsigned char *)sigblob_v;

    /* dmemdump(pkblob, pkblob_len); */
    /* dmemdump(sigblob, sigblob_len); */

    /*
     * See if this is in fact an ssh-rsa signature and a buggy
     * server; otherwise we can just do this the easy way.
     */
    if ((ssh_remote_bugs & BUG_SSH2_RSA_PADDING) &&
        (GET_32BIT(pkblob) == 7 && !memcmp(pkblob+4, "ssh-rsa", 7))) {
        int pos, len, siglen;

        /*
         * Find the byte length of the modulus.
         */

        pos = 4+7;                     /* skip over "ssh-rsa" */
        pos += 4 + GET_32BIT(pkblob+pos);   /* skip over exponent */
        len = GET_32BIT(pkblob+pos);   /* find length of modulus */
        pos += 4;                      /* find modulus itself */
        while (len > 0 && pkblob[pos] == 0)
            len--, pos++;
        /* debug(("modulus length is %d\n", len)); */

        /*
         * Now find the signature integer.
         */
        pos = 4+7;                     /* skip over "ssh-rsa" */
        siglen = GET_32BIT(sigblob+pos);
        /* debug(("signature length is %d\n", siglen)); */

        if (len != siglen) {
            unsigned char newlen[4];
            ssh2_pkt_addstring_start();
            ssh2_pkt_addstring_data(sigblob, pos);
            /* dmemdump(sigblob, pos); */
            pos += 4;                  /* point to start of actual sig */
            PUT_32BIT(newlen, len);
            ssh2_pkt_addstring_data(newlen, 4);
            /* dmemdump(newlen, 4); */
            newlen[0] = 0;
            while (len-- > siglen) {
                ssh2_pkt_addstring_data(newlen, 1);
                /* dmemdump(newlen, 1); */
            }
            ssh2_pkt_addstring_data(sigblob+pos, siglen);
            /* dmemdump(sigblob+pos, siglen); */
            return;
        }

        /* Otherwise fall through and do it the easy way. */
    }

    ssh2_pkt_addstring_start();
    ssh2_pkt_addstring_data(sigblob, sigblob_len);
}

/*
 * Examine the remote side's version string and compare it against
 * a list of known buggy implementations.
 */
static void ssh_detect_bugs(char *vstring)
{
    char *imp;                         /* pointer to implementation part */
    imp = vstring;
    imp += strcspn(imp, "-");
    if (*imp) imp++;
    imp += strcspn(imp, "-");
    if (*imp) imp++;

    ssh_remote_bugs = 0;

    if (cfg.sshbug_ignore1 == BUG_ON ||
        (cfg.sshbug_ignore1 == BUG_AUTO &&
         (!strcmp(imp, "1.2.18") || !strcmp(imp, "1.2.19") ||
          !strcmp(imp, "1.2.20") || !strcmp(imp, "1.2.21") ||
          !strcmp(imp, "1.2.22") || !strcmp(imp, "Cisco-1.25")))) {
        /*
         * These versions don't support SSH1_MSG_IGNORE, so we have
         * to use a different defence against password length
         * sniffing.
         */
        ssh_remote_bugs |= BUG_CHOKES_ON_SSH1_IGNORE;
        logevent("We believe remote version has SSH1 ignore bug");
    }

    if (cfg.sshbug_plainpw1 == BUG_ON ||
        (cfg.sshbug_plainpw1 == BUG_AUTO &&
         (!strcmp(imp, "Cisco-1.25")))) {
        /*
         * These versions need a plain password sent; they can't
         * handle having a null and a random length of data after
         * the password.
         */
        ssh_remote_bugs |= BUG_NEEDS_SSH1_PLAIN_PASSWORD;
        logevent("We believe remote version needs a plain SSH1 password");
    }

    if (cfg.sshbug_rsa1 == BUG_ON ||
        (cfg.sshbug_rsa1 == BUG_AUTO &&
         (!strcmp(imp, "Cisco-1.25")))) {
        /*
         * These versions apparently have no clue whatever about
         * RSA authentication and will panic and die if they see
         * an AUTH_RSA message.
         */
        ssh_remote_bugs |= BUG_CHOKES_ON_RSA;
        logevent("We believe remote version can't handle RSA authentication");
    }

    if (cfg.sshbug_hmac2 == BUG_ON ||
        (cfg.sshbug_hmac2 == BUG_AUTO &&
         (!strncmp(imp, "2.1.0", 5) || !strncmp(imp, "2.0.", 4) ||
          !strncmp(imp, "2.2.0", 5) || !strncmp(imp, "2.3.0", 5) ||
          !strncmp(imp, "2.1 ", 4)))) {
        /*
         * These versions have the HMAC bug.
         */
        ssh_remote_bugs |= BUG_SSH2_HMAC;
        logevent("We believe remote version has SSH2 HMAC bug");
    }

    if (cfg.sshbug_derivekey2 == BUG_ON ||
        (cfg.sshbug_derivekey2 == BUG_AUTO &&
         (!strncmp(imp, "2.0.", 4)))) {
        /*
         * These versions have the key-derivation bug (failing to
         * include the literal shared secret in the hashes that
         * generate the keys).
         */
        ssh_remote_bugs |= BUG_SSH2_DERIVEKEY;
        logevent("We believe remote version has SSH2 key-derivation bug");
    }

    if (cfg.sshbug_rsapad2 == BUG_ON ||
        (cfg.sshbug_rsapad2 == BUG_AUTO &&
         ((!strncmp(imp, "OpenSSH_2.", 10) && imp[10]>='5' && imp[10]<='9') ||
          (!strncmp(imp, "OpenSSH_3.", 10) && imp[10]>='0' && imp[10]<='2')))){
        /*
         * These versions have the SSH2 RSA padding bug.
         */
        ssh_remote_bugs |= BUG_SSH2_RSA_PADDING;
        logevent("We believe remote version has SSH2 RSA padding bug");
    }
}

static int do_ssh_init(unsigned char c)
{
    static int vslen;
    static char version[10];
    static char *vstring;
    static int vstrsize;
    static char *vlog;
    static int i;
    static int proto1, proto2;

    crBegin;

    /* Search for the string "SSH-" in the input. */
    i = 0;
    while (1) {
        static const int transS[] = { 1, 2, 2, 1 };
        static const int transH[] = { 0, 0, 3, 0 };
        static const int transminus[] = { 0, 0, 0, -1 };
        if (c == 'S')
            i = transS[i];
        else if (c == 'H')
            i = transH[i];
        else if (c == '-')
            i = transminus[i];
        else
            i = 0;
        if (i < 0)
            break;
        crReturn(1);                   /* get another character */
    }

    vstrsize = 16;
    vstring = smalloc(vstrsize);
    strcpy(vstring, "SSH-");
    vslen = 4;
    i = 0;
    while (1) {
        crReturn(1);                   /* get another char */
        if (vslen >= vstrsize - 1) {
            vstrsize += 16;
            vstring = srealloc(vstring, vstrsize);
        }
        vstring[vslen++] = c;
        if (i >= 0) {
            if (c == '-') {
                version[i] = '\0';
                i = -1;
            } else if (i < sizeof(version) - 1)
                version[i++] = c;
        } else if (c == '\n')
            break;
    }

    ssh_agentfwd_enabled = FALSE;
    rdpkt2_state.incoming_sequence = 0;

    vstring[vslen] = 0;
    vlog = smalloc(20 + vslen);
    vstring[strcspn (vstring, "\r\n")] = '\0'; /* remove end-of-line chars */
    sprintf(vlog, "Server version: %s", vstring);
    logevent(vlog);
    ssh_detect_bugs(vstring);
    sfree(vlog);

    /*
     * Decide which SSH protocol version to support.
     */

    /* Anything strictly below "2.0" means protocol 1 is supported. */
    proto1 = ssh_versioncmp(version, "2.0") < 0;
    /* Anything greater or equal to "1.99" means protocol 2 is supported. */
    proto2 = ssh_versioncmp(version, "1.99") >= 0;

    if (cfg.sshprot == 0 && !proto1) {
        bombout(("SSH protocol version 1 required by user but not provided by server"));
        crReturn(0);
    }
    if (cfg.sshprot == 3 && !proto2) {
        bombout(("SSH protocol version 2 required by user but not provided by server"));
        crReturn(0);
    }

    if (proto2 && (cfg.sshprot >= 2 || !proto1)) {
        /*
         * Use v2 protocol.
         */
        char verstring[80], vlog[100];
        sprintf(verstring, "SSH-2.0-%s", sshver);
        SHA_Init(&exhashbase);
        /*
         * Hash our version string and their version string.
         */
        sha_string(&exhashbase, verstring, strlen(verstring));
        sha_string(&exhashbase, vstring, strcspn(vstring, "\r\n"));
        sprintf(vlog, "We claim version: %s", verstring);
        logevent(vlog);
        strcat(verstring, "\n");
        logevent("Using SSH protocol version 2");
        sk_write(s, verstring, strlen(verstring));
        ssh_protocol = ssh2_protocol;
        ssh_version = 2;
        s_rdpkt = ssh2_rdpkt;
    } else {
        /*
         * Use v1 protocol.
         */
        char verstring[80], vlog[100];
        sprintf(verstring, "SSH-%s-%s",
                (ssh_versioncmp(version, "1.5") <= 0 ? version : "1.5"),
                sshver);
        sprintf(vlog, "We claim version: %s", verstring);
        logevent(vlog);
        strcat(verstring, "\n");

        logevent("Using SSH protocol version 1");
        sk_write(s, verstring, strlen(verstring));
        ssh_protocol = ssh1_protocol;
        ssh_version = 1;
        s_rdpkt = ssh1_rdpkt;
    }
    ssh_state = SSH_STATE_BEFORE_SIZE;

    sfree(vstring);

    crFinish(0);
}

static void ssh_gotdata(unsigned char *data, int datalen)
{
    crBegin;

    /*
     * To begin with, feed the characters one by one to the
     * protocol initialisation / selection function do_ssh_init().
     * When that returns 0, we're done with the initial greeting
     * exchange and can move on to packet discipline.
     */
    while (1) {
        int ret;
        if (datalen == 0)
            crReturnV;                 /* more data please */
        ret = do_ssh_init(*data);
        data++;
        datalen--;
        if (ret == 0)
            break;
    }

    /*
     * We emerge from that loop when the initial negotiation is
     * over and we have selected an s_rdpkt function. Now pass
     * everything to s_rdpkt, and then pass the resulting packets
     * to the proper protocol handler.
     */
    if (datalen == 0)
        crReturnV;
    while (1) {
        while (datalen > 0) {
            if (s_rdpkt(&data, &datalen) == 0) {
                if (ssh_state == SSH_STATE_CLOSED) {
                    return;
                }
                ssh_protocol(NULL, 0, 1);
                if (ssh_state == SSH_STATE_CLOSED) {
                    return;
                }
            }
        }
        crReturnV;
    }
    crFinishV;
}

static int ssh_closing(Plug plug, char *error_msg, int error_code,
                       int calling_back)
{
    ssh_state = SSH_STATE_CLOSED;
    if (s) {
        sk_close(s);
        s = NULL;
    }
    if (error_msg) {
        /* A socket error has occurred. */
        logevent(error_msg);
        connection_fatal(error_msg);
    } else {
        /* Otherwise, the remote side closed the connection normally. */
    }
    return 0;
}

static int ssh_receive(Plug plug, int urgent, char *data, int len)
{
    ssh_gotdata(data, len);
    if (ssh_state == SSH_STATE_CLOSED) {
        if (s) {
            sk_close(s);
            s = NULL;
        }
        return 0;
    }
    return 1;
}

static void ssh_sent(Plug plug, int bufsize)
{
    /*
     * If the send backlog on the SSH socket itself clears, we
     * should unthrottle the whole world if it was throttled.
     */
    if (bufsize < SSH_MAX_BACKLOG)
        ssh_throttle_all(0, bufsize);
}

/*
 * Connect to specified host and port.
 * Returns an error message, or NULL on success.
 * Also places the canonical host name into `realhost'. It must be
 * freed by the caller.
 */
static char *connect_to_host(char *host, int port, char **realhost, int nodelay)
{
    static struct plug_function_table fn_table = {
        ssh_closing,
        ssh_receive,
        ssh_sent,
        NULL
    }, *fn_table_ptr = &fn_table;

    SockAddr addr;
    char *err;
#ifdef FWHACK
    char *FWhost;
    int FWport;
#endif

    savedhost = smalloc(1 + strlen(host));
    if (!savedhost)
        fatalbox("Out of memory");
    strcpy(savedhost, host);

    if (port < 0)
        port = 22;                     /* default ssh port */
    savedport = port;

#ifdef FWHACK
    FWhost = host;
    FWport = port;
    host = FWSTR;
    port = 23;
#endif

    /*
     * Try to find host.
     */
    {
        char buf[200];
        sprintf(buf, "Looking up host \"%.170s\"", host);
        logevent(buf);
    }
    addr = sk_namelookup(host, realhost);
    if ((err = sk_addr_error(addr)))
        return err;

#ifdef FWHACK
    *realhost = strdup(FWhost);
#endif

    /*
     * Open socket.
     */
    {
        char buf[200], addrbuf[100];
        sk_getaddr(addr, addrbuf, 100);
        sprintf(buf, "Connecting to %.100s port %d", addrbuf, port);
        logevent(buf);
    }
    s = new_connection(addr, *realhost, port, 0, 1, nodelay, &fn_table_ptr);
    if ((err = sk_socket_error(s))) {
        s = NULL;
        return err;
    }

#ifdef FWHACK
    sk_write(s, "connect ", 8);
    sk_write(s, FWhost, strlen(FWhost));
    {
        char buf[20];
        sprintf(buf, " %d\n", FWport);
        sk_write(s, buf, strlen(buf));
    }
#endif

    return NULL;
}

/*
 * Throttle or unthrottle the SSH connection.
 */
static void ssh1_throttle(int adjust)
{
    int old_count = ssh1_throttle_count;
    ssh1_throttle_count += adjust;
    assert(ssh1_throttle_count >= 0);
    if (ssh1_throttle_count && !old_count) {
        sk_set_frozen(s, 1);
    } else if (!ssh1_throttle_count && old_count) {
        sk_set_frozen(s, 0);
    }
}

/*
 * Throttle or unthrottle _all_ local data streams (for when sends
 * on the SSH connection itself back up).
 */
static void ssh_throttle_all(int enable, int bufsize)
{
    int i;
    struct ssh_channel *c;

    if (enable == ssh_throttled_all)
        return;
    ssh_throttled_all = enable;
    ssh_overall_bufsize = bufsize;
    if (!ssh_channels)
        return;
    for (i = 0; NULL != (c = index234(ssh_channels, i)); i++) {
        switch (c->type) {
          case CHAN_MAINSESSION:
            /*
             * This is treated separately, outside the switch.
             */
            break;
          case CHAN_X11:
            x11_override_throttle(c->u.x11.s, enable);
            break;
          case CHAN_AGENT:
            /* Agent channels require no buffer management. */
            break;
          case CHAN_SOCKDATA:
            pfd_override_throttle(c->u.x11.s, enable);
            break;
        }
    }
}

/*
 * Username and password input, abstracted off into reusable
 * routines (hopefully even reusable between SSH1 and SSH2!).
 */
static char *ssh_userpass_input_buffer;
static int ssh_userpass_input_buflen;
static int ssh_userpass_input_bufpos;
static int ssh_userpass_input_echo;

/* Set up a username or password input loop on a given buffer. */
void setup_userpass_input(char *buffer, int buflen, int echo)
{
    ssh_userpass_input_buffer = buffer;
    ssh_userpass_input_buflen = buflen;
    ssh_userpass_input_bufpos = 0;
    ssh_userpass_input_echo = echo;
}

/*
 * Process some terminal data in the course of username/password
 * input. Returns >0 for success (line of input returned in
 * buffer), <0 for failure (user hit ^C/^D, bomb out and exit), 0
 * for inconclusive (keep waiting for more input please).
 */
int process_userpass_input(unsigned char *in, int inlen)
{
    char c;

    while (inlen--) {
        switch (c = *in++) {
          case 10:
          case 13:
            ssh_userpass_input_buffer[ssh_userpass_input_bufpos] = 0;
            ssh_userpass_input_buffer[ssh_userpass_input_buflen-1] = 0;
            return +1;
            break;
          case 8:
          case 127:
            if (ssh_userpass_input_bufpos > 0) {
                if (ssh_userpass_input_echo)
                    c_write_str("\b \b");
                ssh_userpass_input_bufpos--;
            }
            break;
          case 21:
          case 27:
            while (ssh_userpass_input_bufpos > 0) {
                if (ssh_userpass_input_echo)
                    c_write_str("\b \b");
                ssh_userpass_input_bufpos--;
            }
            break;
          case 3:
          case 4:
            return -1;
            break;
          default:
            if (((c >= ' ' && c <= '~') ||
                 ((unsigned char) c >= 160))
                && ssh_userpass_input_bufpos < ssh_userpass_input_buflen-1) {
                ssh_userpass_input_buffer[ssh_userpass_input_bufpos++] = c;
                if (ssh_userpass_input_echo)
                    c_write(&c, 1);
            }
            break;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

/*
 * Handle the key exchange and user authentication phases.
 */
static int do_ssh1_login(unsigned char *in, int inlen, int ispkt)
{
    int i, j;
    static int len;
    static unsigned char *rsabuf, *keystr1, *keystr2;
    unsigned char cookie[8];
    struct RSAKey servkey, hostkey;
    struct MD5Context md5c;
    static unsigned long supported_ciphers_mask, supported_auths_mask;
    static int tried_publickey, tried_agent;
    static int tis_auth_refused, ccard_auth_refused;
    static unsigned char session_id[16];
    static int cipher_type;
    static char username[100];
    static void *publickey_blob;
    int publickey_bloblen;

    crBegin;

    if (!ispkt)
        crWaitUntil(ispkt);

    if (pktin.type != SSH1_SMSG_PUBLIC_KEY) {
        bombout(("Public key packet not received"));
        crReturn(0);
    }

    logevent("Received public keys");

    memcpy(cookie, pktin.body, 8);

    i = makekey(pktin.body + 8, &servkey, &keystr1, 0);
    j = makekey(pktin.body + 8 + i, &hostkey, &keystr2, 0);

    /*
     * Log the host key fingerprint.
     */
    {
        char logmsg[80];
        logevent("Host key fingerprint is:");
        strcpy(logmsg, "      ");
        hostkey.comment = NULL;
        rsa_fingerprint(logmsg + strlen(logmsg),
                        sizeof(logmsg) - strlen(logmsg), &hostkey);
        logevent(logmsg);
    }

    ssh1_remote_protoflags = GET_32BIT(pktin.body + 8 + i + j);
    supported_ciphers_mask = GET_32BIT(pktin.body + 12 + i + j);
    supported_auths_mask = GET_32BIT(pktin.body + 16 + i + j);

    ssh1_local_protoflags =
        ssh1_remote_protoflags & SSH1_PROTOFLAGS_SUPPORTED;
    ssh1_local_protoflags |= SSH1_PROTOFLAG_SCREEN_NUMBER;

    MD5Init(&md5c);
    MD5Update(&md5c, keystr2, hostkey.bytes);
    MD5Update(&md5c, keystr1, servkey.bytes);
    MD5Update(&md5c, pktin.body, 8);
    MD5Final(session_id, &md5c);

    for (i = 0; i < 32; i++)
        session_key[i] = random_byte();

    len = (hostkey.bytes > servkey.bytes ? hostkey.bytes : servkey.bytes);

    rsabuf = smalloc(len);
    if (!rsabuf)
        fatalbox("Out of memory");

    /*
     * Verify the host key.
     */
    {
        /*
         * First format the key into a string.
         */
        int len = rsastr_len(&hostkey);
        char fingerprint[100];
        char *keystr = smalloc(len);
        if (!keystr)
            fatalbox("Out of memory");
        rsastr_fmt(keystr, &hostkey);
        rsa_fingerprint(fingerprint, sizeof(fingerprint), &hostkey);
        verify_ssh_host_key(savedhost, savedport, "rsa", keystr,
                            fingerprint);
        sfree(keystr);
    }

    for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
        rsabuf[i] = session_key[i];
        if (i < 16)
            rsabuf[i] ^= session_id[i];
    }

    if (hostkey.bytes > servkey.bytes) {
        rsaencrypt(rsabuf, 32, &servkey);
        rsaencrypt(rsabuf, servkey.bytes, &hostkey);
    } else {
        rsaencrypt(rsabuf, 32, &hostkey);
        rsaencrypt(rsabuf, hostkey.bytes, &servkey);
    }

    logevent("Encrypted session key");

    {
        int cipher_chosen = 0, warn = 0;
        char *cipher_string = NULL;
        for (i = 0; !cipher_chosen && i < CIPHER_MAX; i++) {
            int next_cipher = cfg.ssh_cipherlist[i];
            if (next_cipher == CIPHER_WARN) {
                /* If/when we choose a cipher, warn about it */
                warn = 1;
            } else if (next_cipher == CIPHER_AES) {
                /* XXX Probably don't need to mention this. */
                logevent("AES not supported in SSH1, skipping");
            } else {
                switch (next_cipher) {
                  case CIPHER_3DES:     cipher_type = SSH_CIPHER_3DES;
                                        cipher_string = "3DES"; break;
                  case CIPHER_BLOWFISH: cipher_type = SSH_CIPHER_BLOWFISH;
                                        cipher_string = "Blowfish"; break;
                  case CIPHER_DES:      cipher_type = SSH_CIPHER_DES;
                                        cipher_string = "single-DES"; break;
                }
                if (supported_ciphers_mask & (1 << cipher_type))
                    cipher_chosen = 1;
            }
        }
        if (!cipher_chosen) {
            if ((supported_ciphers_mask & (1 << SSH_CIPHER_3DES)) == 0)
                bombout(("Server violates SSH 1 protocol by not "
                         "supporting 3DES encryption"));
            else
                /* shouldn't happen */
                bombout(("No supported ciphers found"));
            crReturn(0);
        }

        /* Warn about chosen cipher if necessary. */
        if (warn)
            askcipher(cipher_string, 0);
    }

    switch (cipher_type) {
      case SSH_CIPHER_3DES:
        logevent("Using 3DES encryption");
        break;
      case SSH_CIPHER_DES:
        logevent("Using single-DES encryption");
        break;
      case SSH_CIPHER_BLOWFISH:
        logevent("Using Blowfish encryption");
        break;
    }

    send_packet(SSH1_CMSG_SESSION_KEY,
                PKT_CHAR, cipher_type,
                PKT_DATA, cookie, 8,
                PKT_CHAR, (len * 8) >> 8, PKT_CHAR, (len * 8) & 0xFF,
                PKT_DATA, rsabuf, len,
                PKT_INT, ssh1_local_protoflags, PKT_END);

    logevent("Trying to enable encryption...");

    sfree(rsabuf);

    cipher = cipher_type == SSH_CIPHER_BLOWFISH ? &ssh_blowfish_ssh1 :
        cipher_type == SSH_CIPHER_DES ? &ssh_des : &ssh_3des;
    cipher->sesskey(session_key);

    crWaitUntil(ispkt);

    if (pktin.type != SSH1_SMSG_SUCCESS) {
        bombout(("Encryption not successfully enabled"));
        crReturn(0);
    }

    logevent("Successfully started encryption");

    fflush(stdout);
    {
        if ((flags & FLAG_INTERACTIVE) && !*cfg.username) {
            if (ssh_get_line && !ssh_getline_pw_only) {
                if (!ssh_get_line("login as: ",
                                  username, sizeof(username), FALSE)) {
                    /*
                     * get_line failed to get a username.
                     * Terminate.
                     */
                    logevent("No username provided. Abandoning session.");
                    ssh_state = SSH_STATE_CLOSED;
                    crReturn(1);
                }
            } else {
                static int ret;
                c_write_str("login as: ");
                ssh_send_ok = 1;

                setup_userpass_input(username, sizeof(username), 1);
                do {
                    crWaitUntil(!ispkt);
                    ret = process_userpass_input(in, inlen);
                } while (ret == 0);
                if (ret < 0)
                    cleanup_exit(0);
                c_write_str("\r\n");
            }
        } else {
            strncpy(username, cfg.username, 99);
            username[99] = '\0';
        }

        send_packet(SSH1_CMSG_USER, PKT_STR, username, PKT_END);
        {
            char userlog[22 + sizeof(username)];
            sprintf(userlog, "Sent username \"%s\"", username);
            logevent(userlog);
            if (flags & FLAG_INTERACTIVE &&
                (!((flags & FLAG_STDERR) && (flags & FLAG_VERBOSE)))) {
                strcat(userlog, "\r\n");
                c_write_str(userlog);
            }
        }
    }

    crWaitUntil(ispkt);

    if ((ssh_remote_bugs & BUG_CHOKES_ON_RSA)) {
        /* We must not attempt PK auth. Pretend we've already tried it. */
        tried_publickey = tried_agent = 1;
    } else {
        tried_publickey = tried_agent = 0;
    }
    tis_auth_refused = ccard_auth_refused = 0;
    /* Load the public half of cfg.keyfile so we notice if it's in Pageant */
    if (*cfg.keyfile) {
        if (!rsakey_pubblob(cfg.keyfile, &publickey_blob, &publickey_bloblen))
            publickey_blob = NULL;
    } else
        publickey_blob = NULL;

    while (pktin.type == SSH1_SMSG_FAILURE) {
        static char password[100];
        static char prompt[200];
        static int pos;
        static char c;
        static int pwpkt_type;
        pwpkt_type = SSH1_CMSG_AUTH_PASSWORD;

        if (agent_exists() && !tried_agent) {
            /*
             * Attempt RSA authentication using Pageant.
             */
            static unsigned char request[5], *response, *p;
            static int responselen;
            static int i, nkeys;
            static int authed = FALSE;
            void *r;

            tried_agent = 1;
            logevent("Pageant is running. Requesting keys.");

            /* Request the keys held by the agent. */
            PUT_32BIT(request, 1);
            request[4] = SSH1_AGENTC_REQUEST_RSA_IDENTITIES;
            agent_query(request, 5, &r, &responselen);
            response = (unsigned char *) r;
            if (response && responselen >= 5 &&
                response[4] == SSH1_AGENT_RSA_IDENTITIES_ANSWER) {
                p = response + 5;
                nkeys = GET_32BIT(p);
                p += 4;
                {
                    char buf[64];
                    sprintf(buf, "Pageant has %d SSH1 keys", nkeys);
                    logevent(buf);
                }
                for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++) {
                    static struct RSAKey key;
                    static Bignum challenge;
                    static char *commentp;
                    static int commentlen;

                    {
                        char buf[64];
                        sprintf(buf, "Trying Pageant key #%d", i);
                        logevent(buf);
                    }
                    if (publickey_blob &&
                        !memcmp(p, publickey_blob, publickey_bloblen)) {
                        logevent("This key matches configured key file");
                        tried_publickey = 1;
                    }
                    p += 4;
                    p += ssh1_read_bignum(p, &key.exponent);
                    p += ssh1_read_bignum(p, &key.modulus);
                    commentlen = GET_32BIT(p);
                    p += 4;
                    commentp = p;
                    p += commentlen;
                    send_packet(SSH1_CMSG_AUTH_RSA,
                                PKT_BIGNUM, key.modulus, PKT_END);
                    crWaitUntil(ispkt);
                    if (pktin.type != SSH1_SMSG_AUTH_RSA_CHALLENGE) {
                        logevent("Key refused");
                        continue;
                    }
                    logevent("Received RSA challenge");
                    ssh1_read_bignum(pktin.body, &challenge);
                    {
                        char *agentreq, *q, *ret;
                        void *vret;
                        int len, retlen;
                        len = 1 + 4;   /* message type, bit count */
                        len += ssh1_bignum_length(key.exponent);
                        len += ssh1_bignum_length(key.modulus);
                        len += ssh1_bignum_length(challenge);
                        len += 16;     /* session id */
                        len += 4;      /* response format */
                        agentreq = smalloc(4 + len);
                        PUT_32BIT(agentreq, len);
                        q = agentreq + 4;
                        *q++ = SSH1_AGENTC_RSA_CHALLENGE;
                        PUT_32BIT(q, bignum_bitcount(key.modulus));
                        q += 4;
                        q += ssh1_write_bignum(q, key.exponent);
                        q += ssh1_write_bignum(q, key.modulus);
                        q += ssh1_write_bignum(q, challenge);
                        memcpy(q, session_id, 16);
                        q += 16;
                        PUT_32BIT(q, 1);        /* response format */
                        agent_query(agentreq, len + 4, &vret, &retlen);
                        ret = vret;
                        sfree(agentreq);
                        if (ret) {
                            if (ret[4] == SSH1_AGENT_RSA_RESPONSE) {
                                logevent("Sending Pageant's response");
                                send_packet(SSH1_CMSG_AUTH_RSA_RESPONSE,
                                            PKT_DATA, ret + 5, 16,
                                            PKT_END);
                                sfree(ret);
                                crWaitUntil(ispkt);
                                if (pktin.type == SSH1_SMSG_SUCCESS) {
                                    logevent
                                        ("Pageant's response accepted");
                                    if (flags & FLAG_VERBOSE) {
                                        c_write_str
                                            ("Authenticated using RSA key \"");
                                        c_write(commentp, commentlen);
                                        c_write_str("\" from agent\r\n");
                                    }
                                    authed = TRUE;
                                } else
                                    logevent
                                        ("Pageant's response not accepted");
                            } else {
                                logevent
                                    ("Pageant failed to answer challenge");
                                sfree(ret);
                            }
                        } else {
                            logevent("No reply received from Pageant");
                        }
                    }
                    freebn(key.exponent);
                    freebn(key.modulus);
                    freebn(challenge);
                    if (authed)
                        break;
                }
            }
            if (authed)
                break;
        }
        if (*cfg.keyfile && !tried_publickey)
            pwpkt_type = SSH1_CMSG_AUTH_RSA;

        if (cfg.try_tis_auth &&
            (supported_auths_mask & (1 << SSH1_AUTH_TIS)) &&
            !tis_auth_refused) {
            pwpkt_type = SSH1_CMSG_AUTH_TIS_RESPONSE;
            logevent("Requested TIS authentication");
            send_packet(SSH1_CMSG_AUTH_TIS, PKT_END);
            crWaitUntil(ispkt);
            if (pktin.type != SSH1_SMSG_AUTH_TIS_CHALLENGE) {
                logevent("TIS authentication declined");
                if (flags & FLAG_INTERACTIVE)
                    c_write_str("TIS authentication refused.\r\n");
                tis_auth_refused = 1;
                continue;
            } else {
                int challengelen = ((pktin.body[0] << 24) |
                                    (pktin.body[1] << 16) |
                                    (pktin.body[2] << 8) |
                                    (pktin.body[3]));
                logevent("Received TIS challenge");
                if (challengelen > sizeof(prompt) - 1)
                    challengelen = sizeof(prompt) - 1;  /* prevent overrun */
                memcpy(prompt, pktin.body + 4, challengelen);
                /* Prompt heuristic comes from OpenSSH */
                strncpy(prompt + challengelen,
                        memchr(prompt, '\n', challengelen) ?
                        "": "\r\nResponse: ",
                        (sizeof prompt) - challengelen);
                prompt[(sizeof prompt) - 1] = '\0';
            }
        }
        if (cfg.try_tis_auth &&
            (supported_auths_mask & (1 << SSH1_AUTH_CCARD)) &&
            !ccard_auth_refused) {
            pwpkt_type = SSH1_CMSG_AUTH_CCARD_RESPONSE;
            logevent("Requested CryptoCard authentication");
            send_packet(SSH1_CMSG_AUTH_CCARD, PKT_END);
            crWaitUntil(ispkt);
            if (pktin.type != SSH1_SMSG_AUTH_CCARD_CHALLENGE) {
                logevent("CryptoCard authentication declined");
                c_write_str("CryptoCard authentication refused.\r\n");
                ccard_auth_refused = 1;
                continue;
            } else {
                int challengelen = ((pktin.body[0] << 24) |
                                    (pktin.body[1] << 16) |
                                    (pktin.body[2] << 8) |
                                    (pktin.body[3]));
                logevent("Received CryptoCard challenge");
                if (challengelen > sizeof(prompt) - 1)
                    challengelen = sizeof(prompt) - 1;  /* prevent overrun */
                memcpy(prompt, pktin.body + 4, challengelen);
                strncpy(prompt + challengelen,
                        memchr(prompt, '\n', challengelen) ?
                        "" : "\r\nResponse: ",
                        sizeof(prompt) - challengelen);
                prompt[sizeof(prompt) - 1] = '\0';
            }
        }
        if (pwpkt_type == SSH1_CMSG_AUTH_PASSWORD) {
            sprintf(prompt, "%.90s@%.90s's password: ",
                    username, savedhost);
        }
        if (pwpkt_type == SSH1_CMSG_AUTH_RSA) {
            char *comment = NULL;
            int type;
            char msgbuf[256];
            if (flags & FLAG_VERBOSE)
                c_write_str("Trying public key authentication.\r\n");
            sprintf(msgbuf, "Trying public key \"%.200s\"", cfg.keyfile);
            logevent(msgbuf);
            type = key_type(cfg.keyfile);
            if (type != SSH_KEYTYPE_SSH1) {
                sprintf(msgbuf, "Key is of wrong type (%s)",
                        key_type_to_str(type));
                logevent(msgbuf);
                c_write_str(msgbuf);
                c_write_str("\r\n");
                tried_publickey = 1;
                continue;
            }
            if (!rsakey_encrypted(cfg.keyfile, &comment)) {
                if (flags & FLAG_VERBOSE)
                    c_write_str("No passphrase required.\r\n");
                goto tryauth;
            }
            sprintf(prompt, "Passphrase for key \"%.100s\": ", comment);
            sfree(comment);
        }

        /*
         * Show password prompt, having first obtained it via a TIS
         * or CryptoCard exchange if we're doing TIS or CryptoCard
         * authentication.
         */
        if (ssh_get_line) {
            if (!ssh_get_line(prompt, password, sizeof(password), TRUE)) {
                /*
                 * get_line failed to get a password (for example
                 * because one was supplied on the command line
                 * which has already failed to work). Terminate.
                 */
                send_packet(SSH1_MSG_DISCONNECT,
                            PKT_STR, "No more passwords available to try",
                            PKT_END);
                logevent("Unable to authenticate");
                connection_fatal("Unable to authenticate");
                ssh_state = SSH_STATE_CLOSED;
                crReturn(1);
            }
        } else {
            /* Prompt may have come from server. We've munged it a bit, so
             * we know it to be zero-terminated at least once. */
            static int ret;
            c_write_untrusted(prompt, strlen(prompt));
            pos = 0;

            setup_userpass_input(password, sizeof(password), 0);
            do {
                crWaitUntil(!ispkt);
                ret = process_userpass_input(in, inlen);
            } while (ret == 0);
            if (ret < 0)
                cleanup_exit(0);
            c_write_str("\r\n");
        }

      tryauth:
        if (pwpkt_type == SSH1_CMSG_AUTH_RSA) {
            /*
             * Try public key authentication with the specified
             * key file.
             */
            static struct RSAKey pubkey;
            static Bignum challenge, response;
            static int i;
            static unsigned char buffer[32];

            tried_publickey = 1;
            i = loadrsakey(cfg.keyfile, &pubkey, password);
            if (i == 0) {
                c_write_str("Couldn't load private key from ");
                c_write_str(cfg.keyfile);
                c_write_str(".\r\n");
                continue;              /* go and try password */
            }
            if (i == -1) {
                c_write_str("Wrong passphrase.\r\n");
                tried_publickey = 0;
                continue;              /* try again */
            }

            /*
             * Send a public key attempt.
             */
            send_packet(SSH1_CMSG_AUTH_RSA,
                        PKT_BIGNUM, pubkey.modulus, PKT_END);

            crWaitUntil(ispkt);
            if (pktin.type == SSH1_SMSG_FAILURE) {
                c_write_str("Server refused our public key.\r\n");
                continue;              /* go and try password */
            }
            if (pktin.type != SSH1_SMSG_AUTH_RSA_CHALLENGE) {
                bombout(("Bizarre response to offer of public key"));
                crReturn(0);
            }
            ssh1_read_bignum(pktin.body, &challenge);
            response = rsadecrypt(challenge, &pubkey);
            freebn(pubkey.private_exponent);    /* burn the evidence */

            for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
                buffer[i] = bignum_byte(response, 31 - i);
            }

            MD5Init(&md5c);
            MD5Update(&md5c, buffer, 32);
            MD5Update(&md5c, session_id, 16);
            MD5Final(buffer, &md5c);

            send_packet(SSH1_CMSG_AUTH_RSA_RESPONSE,
                        PKT_DATA, buffer, 16, PKT_END);

            crWaitUntil(ispkt);
            if (pktin.type == SSH1_SMSG_FAILURE) {
                if (flags & FLAG_VERBOSE)
                    c_write_str
                        ("Failed to authenticate with our public key.\r\n");
                continue;              /* go and try password */
            } else if (pktin.type != SSH1_SMSG_SUCCESS) {
                bombout(
                        ("Bizarre response to RSA authentication response"));
                crReturn(0);
            }

            break;                     /* we're through! */
        } else {
            if (pwpkt_type == SSH1_CMSG_AUTH_PASSWORD) {
                /*
                 * Defence against traffic analysis: we send a
                 * whole bunch of packets containing strings of
                 * different lengths. One of these strings is the
                 * password, in a SSH1_CMSG_AUTH_PASSWORD packet.
                 * The others are all random data in
                 * SSH1_MSG_IGNORE packets. This way a passive
                 * listener can't tell which is the password, and
                 * hence can't deduce the password length.
                 * 
                 * Anybody with a password length greater than 16
                 * bytes is going to have enough entropy in their
                 * password that a listener won't find it _that_
                 * much help to know how long it is. So what we'll
                 * do is:
                 * 
                 *  - if password length < 16, we send 15 packets
                 *    containing string lengths 1 through 15
                 * 
                 *  - otherwise, we let N be the nearest multiple
                 *    of 8 below the password length, and send 8
                 *    packets containing string lengths N through
                 *    N+7. This won't obscure the order of
                 *    magnitude of the password length, but it will
                 *    introduce a bit of extra uncertainty.
                 * 
                 * A few servers (the old 1.2.18 through 1.2.22)
                 * can't deal with SSH1_MSG_IGNORE. For these
                 * servers, we need an alternative defence. We make
                 * use of the fact that the password is interpreted
                 * as a C string: so we can append a NUL, then some
                 * random data.
                 * 
                 * One server (a Cisco one) can deal with neither
                 * SSH1_MSG_IGNORE _nor_ a padded password string.
                 * For this server we are left with no defences
                 * against password length sniffing.
                 */
                if (!(ssh_remote_bugs & BUG_CHOKES_ON_SSH1_IGNORE)) {
                    /*
                     * The server can deal with SSH1_MSG_IGNORE, so
                     * we can use the primary defence.
                     */
                    int bottom, top, pwlen, i;
                    char *randomstr;

                    pwlen = strlen(password);
                    if (pwlen < 16) {
                        bottom = 0;    /* zero length passwords are OK! :-) */
                        top = 15;
                    } else {
                        bottom = pwlen & ~7;
                        top = bottom + 7;
                    }

                    assert(pwlen >= bottom && pwlen <= top);

                    randomstr = smalloc(top + 1);

                    for (i = bottom; i <= top; i++) {
                        if (i == pwlen)
                            defer_packet(pwpkt_type, PKT_STR, password,
                                         PKT_END);
                        else {
                            for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
                                do {
                                    randomstr[j] = random_byte();
                                } while (randomstr[j] == '\0');
                            }
                            randomstr[i] = '\0';
                            defer_packet(SSH1_MSG_IGNORE,
                                         PKT_STR, randomstr, PKT_END);
                        }
                    }
                    logevent("Sending password with camouflage packets");
                    ssh_pkt_defersend();
                } 
                else if (!(ssh_remote_bugs & BUG_NEEDS_SSH1_PLAIN_PASSWORD)) {
                    /*
                     * The server can't deal with SSH1_MSG_IGNORE
                     * but can deal with padded passwords, so we
                     * can use the secondary defence.
                     */
                    char string[64];
                    char *s;
                    int len;

                    len = strlen(password);
                    if (len < sizeof(string)) {
                        s = string;
                        strcpy(string, password);
                        len++;         /* cover the zero byte */
                        while (len < sizeof(string)) {
                            string[len++] = (char) random_byte();
                        }
                    } else {
                        s = password;
                    }
                    logevent("Sending length-padded password");
                    send_packet(pwpkt_type, PKT_INT, len,
                                PKT_DATA, s, len, PKT_END);
                } else {
                    /*
                     * The server has _both_
                     * BUG_CHOKES_ON_SSH1_IGNORE and
                     * BUG_NEEDS_SSH1_PLAIN_PASSWORD. There is
                     * therefore nothing we can do.
                     */
                    int len;
                    len = strlen(password);
                    logevent("Sending unpadded password");
                    send_packet(pwpkt_type, PKT_INT, len,
                                PKT_DATA, password, len, PKT_END);
                }
            } else {
                send_packet(pwpkt_type, PKT_STR, password, PKT_END);
            }
        }
        logevent("Sent password");
        memset(password, 0, strlen(password));
        crWaitUntil(ispkt);
        if (pktin.type == SSH1_SMSG_FAILURE) {
            if (flags & FLAG_VERBOSE)
                c_write_str("Access denied\r\n");
            logevent("Authentication refused");
        } else if (pktin.type == SSH1_MSG_DISCONNECT) {
            logevent("Received disconnect request");
            ssh_state = SSH_STATE_CLOSED;
            crReturn(1);
        } else if (pktin.type != SSH1_SMSG_SUCCESS) {
            bombout(("Strange packet received, type %d", pktin.type));
            crReturn(0);
        }
    }

    logevent("Authentication successful");

    crFinish(1);
}

void sshfwd_close(struct ssh_channel *c)
{
    if (c && !c->closes) {
        /*
         * If the channel's remoteid is -1, we have sent
         * CHANNEL_OPEN for this channel, but it hasn't even been
         * acknowledged by the server. So we must set a close flag
         * on it now, and then when the server acks the channel
         * open, we can close it then.
         */
        if (((int)c->remoteid) != -1) {
            if (ssh_version == 1) {
                send_packet(SSH1_MSG_CHANNEL_CLOSE, PKT_INT, c->remoteid,
                            PKT_END);
            } else {
                ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_CLOSE);
                ssh2_pkt_adduint32(c->remoteid);
                ssh2_pkt_send();
            }
        }
        c->closes = 1;
        if (c->type == CHAN_X11) {
            c->u.x11.s = NULL;
            logevent("Forwarded X11 connection terminated");
        } else if (c->type == CHAN_SOCKDATA ||
                   c->type == CHAN_SOCKDATA_DORMANT) {
            c->u.pfd.s = NULL;
            logevent("Forwarded port closed");
        }
    }
}

int sshfwd_write(struct ssh_channel *c, char *buf, int len)
{
    if (ssh_version == 1) {
        send_packet(SSH1_MSG_CHANNEL_DATA,
                    PKT_INT, c->remoteid,
                    PKT_INT, len, PKT_DATA, buf, len, PKT_END);
        /*
         * In SSH1 we can return 0 here - implying that forwarded
         * connections are never individually throttled - because
         * the only circumstance that can cause throttling will be
         * the whole SSH connection backing up, in which case
         * _everything_ will be throttled as a whole.
         */
        return 0;
    } else {
        ssh2_add_channel_data(c, buf, len);
        return ssh2_try_send(c);
    }
}

void sshfwd_unthrottle(struct ssh_channel *c, int bufsize)
{
    if (ssh_version == 1) {
        if (c->v.v1.throttling && bufsize < SSH1_BUFFER_LIMIT) {
            c->v.v1.throttling = 0;
            ssh1_throttle(-1);
        }
    } else {
        ssh2_set_window(c, OUR_V2_WINSIZE - bufsize);
    }
}

static void ssh1_protocol(unsigned char *in, int inlen, int ispkt)
{
    crBegin;

    random_init();

    while (!do_ssh1_login(in, inlen, ispkt)) {
        crReturnV;
    }
    if (ssh_state == SSH_STATE_CLOSED)
        crReturnV;

    if (cfg.agentfwd && agent_exists()) {
        logevent("Requesting agent forwarding");
        send_packet(SSH1_CMSG_AGENT_REQUEST_FORWARDING, PKT_END);
        do {
            crReturnV;
        } while (!ispkt);
        if (pktin.type != SSH1_SMSG_SUCCESS
            && pktin.type != SSH1_SMSG_FAILURE) {
            bombout(("Protocol confusion"));
            crReturnV;
        } else if (pktin.type == SSH1_SMSG_FAILURE) {
            logevent("Agent forwarding refused");
        } else {
            logevent("Agent forwarding enabled");
            ssh_agentfwd_enabled = TRUE;
        }
    }

    if (cfg.x11_forward) {
        char proto[20], data[64];
        logevent("Requesting X11 forwarding");
        x11_invent_auth(proto, sizeof(proto), data, sizeof(data));
        if (ssh1_local_protoflags & SSH1_PROTOFLAG_SCREEN_NUMBER) {
            send_packet(SSH1_CMSG_X11_REQUEST_FORWARDING,
                        PKT_STR, proto, PKT_STR, data,
                        PKT_INT, 0, PKT_END);
        } else {
            send_packet(SSH1_CMSG_X11_REQUEST_FORWARDING,
                        PKT_STR, proto, PKT_STR, data, PKT_END);
        }
        do {
            crReturnV;
        } while (!ispkt);
        if (pktin.type != SSH1_SMSG_SUCCESS
            && pktin.type != SSH1_SMSG_FAILURE) {
            bombout(("Protocol confusion"));
            crReturnV;
        } else if (pktin.type == SSH1_SMSG_FAILURE) {
            logevent("X11 forwarding refused");
        } else {
            logevent("X11 forwarding enabled");
            ssh_X11_fwd_enabled = TRUE;
        }
    }

    {
        char type;
        static char *e;
        int n;
        int sport,dport,sserv,dserv;
        char sports[256], dports[256], host[256];
        char buf[1024];
        struct servent *se;

        ssh_rportfwds = newtree234(ssh_rportcmp_ssh1);
        /* Add port forwardings. */
        e = cfg.portfwd;
        while (*e) {
            type = *e++;
            n = 0;
            while (*e && *e != '\t')
                sports[n++] = *e++;
            sports[n] = 0;
            if (*e == '\t')
                e++;
            n = 0;
            while (*e && *e != ':')
                host[n++] = *e++;
            host[n] = 0;
            if (*e == ':')
                e++;
            n = 0;
            while (*e)
                dports[n++] = *e++;
            dports[n] = 0;
            e++;
            dport = atoi(dports);
            dserv = 0;
            if (dport == 0) {
                dserv = 1;
                se = getservbyname(dports, NULL);
                if (se != NULL) {
                    dport = ntohs(se->s_port);
                } else {
                    sprintf(buf,
                            "Service lookup failed for destination port \"%s\"",
                            dports);
                    logevent(buf);
                }
            }
            sport = atoi(sports);
            sserv = 0;
            if (sport == 0) {
                sserv = 1;
                se = getservbyname(sports, NULL);
                if (se != NULL) {
                    sport = ntohs(se->s_port);
                } else {
                    sprintf(buf,
                            "Service lookup failed for source port \"%s\"",
                            sports);
                    logevent(buf);
                }
            }
            if (sport && dport) {
                if (type == 'L') {
                    pfd_addforward(host, dport, sport);
                    sprintf(buf, "Local port %.*s%.*s%d%.*s forwarding to"
                            " %s:%.*s%.*s%d%.*s",
                            sserv ? strlen(sports) : 0, sports,
                            sserv, "(", sport, sserv, ")",
                            host,
                            dserv ? strlen(dports) : 0, dports,
                            dserv, "(", dport, dserv, ")");
                    logevent(buf);
                } else {
                    struct ssh_rportfwd *pf;
                    pf = smalloc(sizeof(*pf));
                    strcpy(pf->dhost, host);
                    pf->dport = dport;
                    if (add234(ssh_rportfwds, pf) != pf) {
                        sprintf(buf, 
                                "Duplicate remote port forwarding to %s:%d",
                                host, dport);
                        logevent(buf);
                        sfree(pf);
                    } else {
                        sprintf(buf, "Requesting remote port %.*s%.*s%d%.*s"
                                " forward to %s:%.*s%.*s%d%.*s",
                            sserv ? strlen(sports) : 0, sports,
                            sserv, "(", sport, sserv, ")",
                            host,
                            dserv ? strlen(dports) : 0, dports,
                            dserv, "(", dport, dserv, ")");
                        logevent(buf);
                        send_packet(SSH1_CMSG_PORT_FORWARD_REQUEST,
                                    PKT_INT, sport,
                                    PKT_STR, host,
                                    PKT_INT, dport,
                                    PKT_END);
                        do {
                            crReturnV;
                        } while (!ispkt);
                        if (pktin.type != SSH1_SMSG_SUCCESS
                            && pktin.type != SSH1_SMSG_FAILURE) {
                            bombout(("Protocol confusion"));
                            crReturnV;
                        } else if (pktin.type == SSH1_SMSG_FAILURE) {
                            c_write_str("Server refused port forwarding\r\n");
                            ssh_editing = ssh_echoing = 1;
                        }
                        logevent("Remote port forwarding enabled");
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    if (!cfg.nopty) {
        send_packet(SSH1_CMSG_REQUEST_PTY,
                    PKT_STR, cfg.termtype,
                    PKT_INT, rows, PKT_INT, cols,
                    PKT_INT, 0, PKT_INT, 0, PKT_CHAR, 0, PKT_END);
        ssh_state = SSH_STATE_INTERMED;
        do {
            crReturnV;
        } while (!ispkt);
        if (pktin.type != SSH1_SMSG_SUCCESS
            && pktin.type != SSH1_SMSG_FAILURE) {
            bombout(("Protocol confusion"));
            crReturnV;
        } else if (pktin.type == SSH1_SMSG_FAILURE) {
            c_write_str("Server refused to allocate pty\r\n");
            ssh_editing = ssh_echoing = 1;
        }
        logevent("Allocated pty");
    } else {
        ssh_editing = ssh_echoing = 1;
    }

    if (cfg.compression) {
        send_packet(SSH1_CMSG_REQUEST_COMPRESSION, PKT_INT, 6, PKT_END);
        do {
            crReturnV;
        } while (!ispkt);
        if (pktin.type != SSH1_SMSG_SUCCESS
            && pktin.type != SSH1_SMSG_FAILURE) {
            bombout(("Protocol confusion"));
            crReturnV;
        } else if (pktin.type == SSH1_SMSG_FAILURE) {
            c_write_str("Server refused to compress\r\n");
        }
        logevent("Started compression");
        ssh1_compressing = TRUE;
        zlib_compress_init();
        zlib_decompress_init();
    }

    /*
     * Start the shell or command.
     * 
     * Special case: if the first-choice command is an SSH2
     * subsystem (hence not usable here) and the second choice
     * exists, we fall straight back to that.
     */
    {
        char *cmd = cfg.remote_cmd_ptr;
        
        if (cfg.ssh_subsys && cfg.remote_cmd_ptr2) {
            cmd = cfg.remote_cmd_ptr2;
            ssh_fallback_cmd = TRUE;
        }
        if (*cmd)
            send_packet(SSH1_CMSG_EXEC_CMD, PKT_STR, cmd, PKT_END);
        else
            send_packet(SSH1_CMSG_EXEC_SHELL, PKT_END);
        logevent("Started session");
    }

    ssh_state = SSH_STATE_SESSION;
    if (size_needed)
        ssh_size();
    if (eof_needed)
        ssh_special(TS_EOF);

    ldisc_send(NULL, 0, 0);            /* cause ldisc to notice changes */
    ssh_send_ok = 1;
    ssh_channels = newtree234(ssh_channelcmp);
    while (1) {
        crReturnV;
        if (ispkt) {
            if (pktin.type == SSH1_SMSG_STDOUT_DATA ||
                pktin.type == SSH1_SMSG_STDERR_DATA) {
                long len = GET_32BIT(pktin.body);
                int bufsize =
                    from_backend(pktin.type == SSH1_SMSG_STDERR_DATA,
                                 pktin.body + 4, len);
                if (!ssh1_stdout_throttling && bufsize > SSH1_BUFFER_LIMIT) {
                    ssh1_stdout_throttling = 1;
                    ssh1_throttle(+1);
                }
            } else if (pktin.type == SSH1_MSG_DISCONNECT) {
                ssh_state = SSH_STATE_CLOSED;
                logevent("Received disconnect request");
                crReturnV;
            } else if (pktin.type == SSH1_SMSG_X11_OPEN) {
                /* Remote side is trying to open a channel to talk to our
                 * X-Server. Give them back a local channel number. */
                struct ssh_channel *c;

                logevent("Received X11 connect request");
                /* Refuse if X11 forwarding is disabled. */
                if (!ssh_X11_fwd_enabled) {
                    send_packet(SSH1_MSG_CHANNEL_OPEN_FAILURE,
                                PKT_INT, GET_32BIT(pktin.body), PKT_END);
                    logevent("Rejected X11 connect request");
                } else {
                    c = smalloc(sizeof(struct ssh_channel));

                    if (x11_init(&c->u.x11.s, cfg.x11_display, c) != NULL) {
                        logevent("opening X11 forward connection failed");
                        sfree(c);
                        send_packet(SSH1_MSG_CHANNEL_OPEN_FAILURE,
                                    PKT_INT, GET_32BIT(pktin.body),
                                    PKT_END);
                    } else {
                        logevent
                            ("opening X11 forward connection succeeded");
                        c->remoteid = GET_32BIT(pktin.body);
                        c->localid = alloc_channel_id();
                        c->closes = 0;
                        c->v.v1.throttling = 0;
                        c->type = CHAN_X11;     /* identify channel type */
                        add234(ssh_channels, c);
                        send_packet(SSH1_MSG_CHANNEL_OPEN_CONFIRMATION,
                                    PKT_INT, c->remoteid, PKT_INT,
                                    c->localid, PKT_END);
                        logevent("Opened X11 forward channel");
                    }
                }
            } else if (pktin.type == SSH1_SMSG_AGENT_OPEN) {
                /* Remote side is trying to open a channel to talk to our
                 * agent. Give them back a local channel number. */
                struct ssh_channel *c;

                /* Refuse if agent forwarding is disabled. */
                if (!ssh_agentfwd_enabled) {
                    send_packet(SSH1_MSG_CHANNEL_OPEN_FAILURE,
                                PKT_INT, GET_32BIT(pktin.body), PKT_END);
                } else {
                    c = smalloc(sizeof(struct ssh_channel));
                    c->remoteid = GET_32BIT(pktin.body);
                    c->localid = alloc_channel_id();
                    c->closes = 0;
                    c->v.v1.throttling = 0;
                    c->type = CHAN_AGENT;       /* identify channel type */
                    c->u.a.lensofar = 0;
                    add234(ssh_channels, c);
                    send_packet(SSH1_MSG_CHANNEL_OPEN_CONFIRMATION,
                                PKT_INT, c->remoteid, PKT_INT, c->localid,
                                PKT_END);
                }
            } else if (pktin.type == SSH1_MSG_PORT_OPEN) {
                /* Remote side is trying to open a channel to talk to a
                 * forwarded port. Give them back a local channel number. */
                struct ssh_channel *c;
                struct ssh_rportfwd pf;
                int hostsize, port;
                char host[256], buf[1024];
                char *p, *h, *e;
                c = smalloc(sizeof(struct ssh_channel));

                hostsize = GET_32BIT(pktin.body+4);
                for(h = host, p = pktin.body+8; hostsize != 0; hostsize--) {
                    if (h+1 < host+sizeof(host))
                        *h++ = *p;
                    p++;
                }
                *h = 0;
                port = GET_32BIT(p);

                strcpy(pf.dhost, host);
                pf.dport = port;

                if (find234(ssh_rportfwds, &pf, NULL) == NULL) {
                    sprintf(buf, "Rejected remote port open request for %s:%d",
                            host, port);
                    logevent(buf);
                    send_packet(SSH1_MSG_CHANNEL_OPEN_FAILURE,
                                PKT_INT, GET_32BIT(pktin.body), PKT_END);
                } else {
                    sprintf(buf, "Received remote port open request for %s:%d",
                            host, port);
                    logevent(buf);
                    e = pfd_newconnect(&c->u.pfd.s, host, port, c);
                    if (e != NULL) {
                        char buf[256];
                        sprintf(buf, "Port open failed: %s", e);
                        logevent(buf);
                        sfree(c);
                        send_packet(SSH1_MSG_CHANNEL_OPEN_FAILURE,
                                    PKT_INT, GET_32BIT(pktin.body),
                                    PKT_END);
                    } else {
                        c->remoteid = GET_32BIT(pktin.body);
                        c->localid = alloc_channel_id();
                        c->closes = 0;
                        c->v.v1.throttling = 0;
                        c->type = CHAN_SOCKDATA;        /* identify channel type */
                        add234(ssh_channels, c);
                        send_packet(SSH1_MSG_CHANNEL_OPEN_CONFIRMATION,
                                    PKT_INT, c->remoteid, PKT_INT,
                                    c->localid, PKT_END);
                        logevent("Forwarded port opened successfully");
                    }
                }

            } else if (pktin.type == SSH1_MSG_CHANNEL_OPEN_CONFIRMATION) {
                unsigned int remoteid = GET_32BIT(pktin.body);
                unsigned int localid = GET_32BIT(pktin.body+4);
                struct ssh_channel *c;

                c = find234(ssh_channels, &remoteid, ssh_channelfind);
                if (c && c->type == CHAN_SOCKDATA_DORMANT) {
                    c->remoteid = localid;
                    c->type = CHAN_SOCKDATA;
                    c->v.v1.throttling = 0;
                    pfd_confirm(c->u.pfd.s);
                }

                if (c && c->closes) {
                    /*
                     * We have a pending close on this channel,
                     * which we decided on before the server acked
                     * the channel open. So now we know the
                     * remoteid, we can close it again.
                     */
                    send_packet(SSH1_MSG_CHANNEL_CLOSE, PKT_INT, c->remoteid,
                                PKT_END);
                }

            } else if (pktin.type == SSH1_MSG_CHANNEL_OPEN_FAILURE) {
                unsigned int remoteid = GET_32BIT(pktin.body);
                unsigned int localid = GET_32BIT(pktin.body+4);
                struct ssh_channel *c;

                c = find234(ssh_channels, &remoteid, ssh_channelfind);
                if (c && c->type == CHAN_SOCKDATA_DORMANT) {
                    logevent("Forwarded connection refused by server");
                    pfd_close(c->u.pfd.s);
                    del234(ssh_channels, c);
                    sfree(c);
                }

            } else if (pktin.type == SSH1_MSG_CHANNEL_CLOSE ||
                       pktin.type == SSH1_MSG_CHANNEL_CLOSE_CONFIRMATION) {
                /* Remote side closes a channel. */
                unsigned i = GET_32BIT(pktin.body);
                struct ssh_channel *c;
                c = find234(ssh_channels, &i, ssh_channelfind);
                if (c) {
                    int closetype;
                    closetype =
                        (pktin.type == SSH1_MSG_CHANNEL_CLOSE ? 1 : 2);
                    if (!(c->closes & closetype))
                        send_packet(pktin.type, PKT_INT, c->remoteid,
                                    PKT_END);
                    if ((c->closes == 0) && (c->type == CHAN_X11)) {
                        logevent("Forwarded X11 connection terminated");
                        assert(c->u.x11.s != NULL);
                        x11_close(c->u.x11.s);
                        c->u.x11.s = NULL;
                    }
                    if ((c->closes == 0) && (c->type == CHAN_SOCKDATA)) {
                        logevent("Forwarded port closed");
                        assert(c->u.pfd.s != NULL);
                        pfd_close(c->u.pfd.s);
                        c->u.pfd.s = NULL;
                    }
                    c->closes |= closetype;
                    if (c->closes == 3) {
                        del234(ssh_channels, c);
                        sfree(c);
                    }
                }
            } else if (pktin.type == SSH1_MSG_CHANNEL_DATA) {
                /* Data sent down one of our channels. */
                int i = GET_32BIT(pktin.body);
                int len = GET_32BIT(pktin.body + 4);
                unsigned char *p = pktin.body + 8;
                struct ssh_channel *c;
                c = find234(ssh_channels, &i, ssh_channelfind);
                if (c) {
                    int bufsize;
                    switch (c->type) {
                      case CHAN_X11:
                        bufsize = x11_send(c->u.x11.s, p, len);
                        break;
                      case CHAN_SOCKDATA:
                        bufsize = pfd_send(c->u.pfd.s, p, len);
                        break;
                      case CHAN_AGENT:
                        /* Data for an agent message. Buffer it. */
                        while (len > 0) {
                            if (c->u.a.lensofar < 4) {
                                int l = min(4 - c->u.a.lensofar, len);
                                memcpy(c->u.a.msglen + c->u.a.lensofar, p,
                                       l);
                                p += l;
                                len -= l;
                                c->u.a.lensofar += l;
                            }
                            if (c->u.a.lensofar == 4) {
                                c->u.a.totallen =
                                    4 + GET_32BIT(c->u.a.msglen);
                                c->u.a.message = smalloc(c->u.a.totallen);
                                memcpy(c->u.a.message, c->u.a.msglen, 4);
                            }
                            if (c->u.a.lensofar >= 4 && len > 0) {
                                int l =
                                    min(c->u.a.totallen - c->u.a.lensofar,
                                        len);
                                memcpy(c->u.a.message + c->u.a.lensofar, p,
                                       l);
                                p += l;
                                len -= l;
                                c->u.a.lensofar += l;
                            }
                            if (c->u.a.lensofar == c->u.a.totallen) {
                                void *reply, *sentreply;
                                int replylen;
                                agent_query(c->u.a.message,
                                            c->u.a.totallen, &reply,
                                            &replylen);
                                if (reply)
                                    sentreply = reply;
                                else {
                                    /* Fake SSH_AGENT_FAILURE. */
                                    sentreply = "\0\0\0\1\5";
                                    replylen = 5;
                                }
                                send_packet(SSH1_MSG_CHANNEL_DATA,
                                            PKT_INT, c->remoteid,
                                            PKT_INT, replylen,
                                            PKT_DATA, sentreply, replylen,
                                            PKT_END);
                                if (reply)
                                    sfree(reply);
                                sfree(c->u.a.message);
                                c->u.a.lensofar = 0;
                            }
                        }
                        bufsize = 0;   /* agent channels never back up */
                        break;
                    }
                    if (!c->v.v1.throttling && bufsize > SSH1_BUFFER_LIMIT) {
                        c->v.v1.throttling = 1;
                        ssh1_throttle(+1);
                    }
                }
            } else if (pktin.type == SSH1_SMSG_SUCCESS) {
                /* may be from EXEC_SHELL on some servers */
            } else if (pktin.type == SSH1_SMSG_FAILURE) {
                /* may be from EXEC_SHELL on some servers
                 * if no pty is available or in other odd cases. Ignore */
            } else if (pktin.type == SSH1_SMSG_EXIT_STATUS) {
                char buf[100];
                ssh_exitcode = GET_32BIT(pktin.body);
                sprintf(buf, "Server sent command exit status %d",
                        ssh_exitcode);
                logevent(buf);
                send_packet(SSH1_CMSG_EXIT_CONFIRMATION, PKT_END);
                /*
                 * In case `helpful' firewalls or proxies tack
                 * extra human-readable text on the end of the
                 * session which we might mistake for another
                 * encrypted packet, we close the session once
                 * we've sent EXIT_CONFIRMATION.
                 */
                ssh_state = SSH_STATE_CLOSED;
                crReturnV;
            } else {
                bombout(("Strange packet received: type %d", pktin.type));
                crReturnV;
            }
        } else {
            while (inlen > 0) {
                int len = min(inlen, 512);
                send_packet(SSH1_CMSG_STDIN_DATA,
                            PKT_INT, len, PKT_DATA, in, len, PKT_END);
                in += len;
                inlen -= len;
            }
        }
    }

    crFinishV;
}

/*
 * Utility routine for decoding comma-separated strings in KEXINIT.
 */
static int in_commasep_string(char *needle, char *haystack, int haylen)
{
    int needlen = strlen(needle);
    while (1) {
        /*
         * Is it at the start of the string?
         */
        if (haylen >= needlen &&       /* haystack is long enough */
            !memcmp(needle, haystack, needlen) &&       /* initial match */
            (haylen == needlen || haystack[needlen] == ',')
            /* either , or EOS follows */
            )
            return 1;
        /*
         * If not, search for the next comma and resume after that.
         * If no comma found, terminate.
         */
        while (haylen > 0 && *haystack != ',')
            haylen--, haystack++;
        if (haylen == 0)
            return 0;
        haylen--, haystack++;          /* skip over comma itself */
    }
}

/*
 * SSH2 key creation method.
 */
static void ssh2_mkkey(Bignum K, char *H, char *sessid, char chr,
                       char *keyspace)
{
    SHA_State s;
    /* First 20 bytes. */
    SHA_Init(&s);
    if (!(ssh_remote_bugs & BUG_SSH2_DERIVEKEY))
        sha_mpint(&s, K);
    SHA_Bytes(&s, H, 20);
    SHA_Bytes(&s, &chr, 1);
    SHA_Bytes(&s, sessid, 20);
    SHA_Final(&s, keyspace);
    /* Next 20 bytes. */
    SHA_Init(&s);
    if (!(ssh_remote_bugs & BUG_SSH2_DERIVEKEY))
        sha_mpint(&s, K);
    SHA_Bytes(&s, H, 20);
    SHA_Bytes(&s, keyspace, 20);
    SHA_Final(&s, keyspace + 20);
}

/*
 * Handle the SSH2 transport layer.
 */
static int do_ssh2_transport(unsigned char *in, int inlen, int ispkt)
{
    static int i, j, len, nbits, pbits, warn;
    static char *str;
    static Bignum p, g, e, f, K;
    static int kex_init_value, kex_reply_value;
    static const struct ssh_mac **maclist;
    static int nmacs;
    static const struct ssh2_cipher *cscipher_tobe = NULL;
    static const struct ssh2_cipher *sccipher_tobe = NULL;
    static const struct ssh_mac *csmac_tobe = NULL;
    static const struct ssh_mac *scmac_tobe = NULL;
    static const struct ssh_compress *cscomp_tobe = NULL;
    static const struct ssh_compress *sccomp_tobe = NULL;
    static char *hostkeydata, *sigdata, *keystr, *fingerprint;
    static int hostkeylen, siglen;
    static void *hkey;                 /* actual host key */
    static unsigned char exchange_hash[20];
    static unsigned char keyspace[40];
    static int n_preferred_ciphers;
    static const struct ssh2_ciphers *preferred_ciphers[CIPHER_MAX];
    static const struct ssh_compress *preferred_comp;
    static int cipherstr_started;
    static int first_kex;

    crBegin;
    random_init();
    first_kex = 1;

    /*
     * Set up the preferred ciphers. (NULL => warn below here)
     */
    n_preferred_ciphers = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < CIPHER_MAX; i++) {
        switch (cfg.ssh_cipherlist[i]) {
          case CIPHER_BLOWFISH:
            preferred_ciphers[n_preferred_ciphers] = &ssh2_blowfish;
            n_preferred_ciphers++;
            break;
          case CIPHER_DES:
            if (cfg.ssh2_des_cbc) {
                preferred_ciphers[n_preferred_ciphers] = &ssh2_des;
                n_preferred_ciphers++;
            }
            break;
          case CIPHER_3DES:
            preferred_ciphers[n_preferred_ciphers] = &ssh2_3des;
            n_preferred_ciphers++;
            break;
          case CIPHER_AES:
            preferred_ciphers[n_preferred_ciphers] = &ssh2_aes;
            n_preferred_ciphers++;
            break;
          case CIPHER_WARN:
            /* Flag for later. Don't bother if it's the last in
             * the list. */
            if (i < CIPHER_MAX - 1) {
                preferred_ciphers[n_preferred_ciphers] = NULL;
                n_preferred_ciphers++;
            }
            break;
        }
    }

    /*
     * Set up preferred compression.
     */
    if (cfg.compression)
        preferred_comp = &ssh_zlib;
    else
        preferred_comp = &ssh_comp_none;

    /*
     * Be prepared to work around the buggy MAC problem.
     */
    if (cfg.buggymac || (ssh_remote_bugs & BUG_SSH2_HMAC))
        maclist = buggymacs, nmacs = lenof(buggymacs);
    else
        maclist = macs, nmacs = lenof(macs);

  begin_key_exchange:
    /*
     * Construct and send our key exchange packet.
     */
    ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT);
    for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
        ssh2_pkt_addbyte((unsigned char) random_byte());
    /* List key exchange algorithms. */
    ssh2_pkt_addstring_start();
    for (i = 0; i < lenof(kex_algs); i++) {
        ssh2_pkt_addstring_str(kex_algs[i]->name);
        if (i < lenof(kex_algs) - 1)
            ssh2_pkt_addstring_str(",");
    }
    /* List server host key algorithms. */
    ssh2_pkt_addstring_start();
    for (i = 0; i < lenof(hostkey_algs); i++) {
        ssh2_pkt_addstring_str(hostkey_algs[i]->name);
        if (i < lenof(hostkey_algs) - 1)
            ssh2_pkt_addstring_str(",");
    }
    /* List client->server encryption algorithms. */
    ssh2_pkt_addstring_start();
    cipherstr_started = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < n_preferred_ciphers; i++) {
        const struct ssh2_ciphers *c = preferred_ciphers[i];
        if (!c) continue;              /* warning flag */
        for (j = 0; j < c->nciphers; j++) {
            if (cipherstr_started)
                ssh2_pkt_addstring_str(",");
            ssh2_pkt_addstring_str(c->list[j]->name);
            cipherstr_started = 1;
        }
    }
    /* List server->client encryption algorithms. */
    ssh2_pkt_addstring_start();
    cipherstr_started = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < n_preferred_ciphers; i++) {
        const struct ssh2_ciphers *c = preferred_ciphers[i];
        if (!c) continue; /* warning flag */
        for (j = 0; j < c->nciphers; j++) {
            if (cipherstr_started)
                ssh2_pkt_addstring_str(",");
            ssh2_pkt_addstring_str(c->list[j]->name);
            cipherstr_started = 1;
        }
    }
    /* List client->server MAC algorithms. */
    ssh2_pkt_addstring_start();
    for (i = 0; i < nmacs; i++) {
        ssh2_pkt_addstring_str(maclist[i]->name);
        if (i < nmacs - 1)
            ssh2_pkt_addstring_str(",");
    }
    /* List server->client MAC algorithms. */
    ssh2_pkt_addstring_start();
    for (i = 0; i < nmacs; i++) {
        ssh2_pkt_addstring_str(maclist[i]->name);
        if (i < nmacs - 1)
            ssh2_pkt_addstring_str(",");
    }
    /* List client->server compression algorithms. */
    ssh2_pkt_addstring_start();
    for (i = 0; i < lenof(compressions) + 1; i++) {
        const struct ssh_compress *c =
            i == 0 ? preferred_comp : compressions[i - 1];
        ssh2_pkt_addstring_str(c->name);
        if (i < lenof(compressions))
            ssh2_pkt_addstring_str(",");
    }
    /* List server->client compression algorithms. */
    ssh2_pkt_addstring_start();
    for (i = 0; i < lenof(compressions) + 1; i++) {
        const struct ssh_compress *c =
            i == 0 ? preferred_comp : compressions[i - 1];
        ssh2_pkt_addstring_str(c->name);
        if (i < lenof(compressions))
            ssh2_pkt_addstring_str(",");
    }
    /* List client->server languages. Empty list. */
    ssh2_pkt_addstring_start();
    /* List server->client languages. Empty list. */
    ssh2_pkt_addstring_start();
    /* First KEX packet does _not_ follow, because we're not that brave. */
    ssh2_pkt_addbool(FALSE);
    /* Reserved. */
    ssh2_pkt_adduint32(0);

    exhash = exhashbase;
    sha_string(&exhash, pktout.data + 5, pktout.length - 5);

    ssh2_pkt_send();

    if (!ispkt)
        crWaitUntil(ispkt);
    sha_string(&exhash, pktin.data + 5, pktin.length - 5);

    /*
     * Now examine the other side's KEXINIT to see what we're up
     * to.
     */
    if (pktin.type != SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT) {
        bombout(("expected key exchange packet from server"));
        crReturn(0);
    }
    kex = NULL;
    hostkey = NULL;
    cscipher_tobe = NULL;
    sccipher_tobe = NULL;
    csmac_tobe = NULL;
    scmac_tobe = NULL;
    cscomp_tobe = NULL;
    sccomp_tobe = NULL;
    pktin.savedpos += 16;              /* skip garbage cookie */
    ssh2_pkt_getstring(&str, &len);    /* key exchange algorithms */
    for (i = 0; i < lenof(kex_algs); i++) {
        if (in_commasep_string(kex_algs[i]->name, str, len)) {
            kex = kex_algs[i];
            break;
        }
    }
    ssh2_pkt_getstring(&str, &len);    /* host key algorithms */
    for (i = 0; i < lenof(hostkey_algs); i++) {
        if (in_commasep_string(hostkey_algs[i]->name, str, len)) {
            hostkey = hostkey_algs[i];
            break;
        }
    }
    ssh2_pkt_getstring(&str, &len);    /* client->server cipher */
    warn = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < n_preferred_ciphers; i++) {
        const struct ssh2_ciphers *c = preferred_ciphers[i];
        if (!c) {
            warn = 1;
        } else {
            for (j = 0; j < c->nciphers; j++) {
                if (in_commasep_string(c->list[j]->name, str, len)) {
                    cscipher_tobe = c->list[j];
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        if (cscipher_tobe) {
            if (warn)
                askcipher(cscipher_tobe->name, 1);
            break;
        }
    }
    if (!cscipher_tobe) {
        bombout(("Couldn't agree a client-to-server cipher (available: %s)", str));
        crReturn(0);
    }

    ssh2_pkt_getstring(&str, &len);    /* server->client cipher */
    warn = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < n_preferred_ciphers; i++) {
        const struct ssh2_ciphers *c = preferred_ciphers[i];
        if (!c) {
            warn = 1;
        } else {
            for (j = 0; j < c->nciphers; j++) {
                if (in_commasep_string(c->list[j]->name, str, len)) {
                    sccipher_tobe = c->list[j];
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        if (sccipher_tobe) {
            if (warn)
                askcipher(sccipher_tobe->name, 2);
            break;
        }
    }
    if (!sccipher_tobe) {
        bombout(("Couldn't agree a server-to-client cipher (available: %s)", str));
        crReturn(0);
    }

    ssh2_pkt_getstring(&str, &len);    /* client->server mac */
    for (i = 0; i < nmacs; i++) {
        if (in_commasep_string(maclist[i]->name, str, len)) {
            csmac_tobe = maclist[i];
            break;
        }
    }
    ssh2_pkt_getstring(&str, &len);    /* server->client mac */
    for (i = 0; i < nmacs; i++) {
        if (in_commasep_string(maclist[i]->name, str, len)) {
            scmac_tobe = maclist[i];
            break;
        }
    }
    ssh2_pkt_getstring(&str, &len);    /* client->server compression */
    for (i = 0; i < lenof(compressions) + 1; i++) {
        const struct ssh_compress *c =
            i == 0 ? preferred_comp : compressions[i - 1];
        if (in_commasep_string(c->name, str, len)) {
            cscomp_tobe = c;
            break;
        }
    }
    ssh2_pkt_getstring(&str, &len);    /* server->client compression */
    for (i = 0; i < lenof(compressions) + 1; i++) {
        const struct ssh_compress *c =
            i == 0 ? preferred_comp : compressions[i - 1];
        if (in_commasep_string(c->name, str, len)) {
            sccomp_tobe = c;
            break;
        }
    }

    /*
     * Work out the number of bits of key we will need from the key
     * exchange. We start with the maximum key length of either
     * cipher...
     */
    {
        int csbits, scbits;

        csbits = cscipher_tobe->keylen;
        scbits = sccipher_tobe->keylen;
        nbits = (csbits > scbits ? csbits : scbits);
    }
    /* The keys only have 160-bit entropy, since they're based on
     * a SHA-1 hash. So cap the key size at 160 bits. */
    if (nbits > 160)
        nbits = 160;

    /*
     * If we're doing Diffie-Hellman group exchange, start by
     * requesting a group.
     */
    if (kex == &ssh_diffiehellman_gex) {
        logevent("Doing Diffie-Hellman group exchange");
        ssh_pkt_ctx |= SSH2_PKTCTX_DHGEX;
        /*
         * Work out how big a DH group we will need to allow that
         * much data.
         */
        pbits = 512 << ((nbits - 1) / 64);
        ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST);
        ssh2_pkt_adduint32(pbits);
        ssh2_pkt_send();

        crWaitUntil(ispkt);
        if (pktin.type != SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP) {
            bombout(("expected key exchange group packet from server"));
            crReturn(0);
        }
        p = ssh2_pkt_getmp();
        g = ssh2_pkt_getmp();
        dh_setup_group(p, g);
        kex_init_value = SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT;
        kex_reply_value = SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY;
    } else {
        ssh_pkt_ctx |= SSH2_PKTCTX_DHGROUP1;
        dh_setup_group1();
        kex_init_value = SSH2_MSG_KEXDH_INIT;
        kex_reply_value = SSH2_MSG_KEXDH_REPLY;
    }

    logevent("Doing Diffie-Hellman key exchange");
    /*
     * Now generate and send e for Diffie-Hellman.
     */
    e = dh_create_e(nbits * 2);
    ssh2_pkt_init(kex_init_value);
    ssh2_pkt_addmp(e);
    ssh2_pkt_send();

    crWaitUntil(ispkt);
    if (pktin.type != kex_reply_value) {
        bombout(("expected key exchange reply packet from server"));
        crReturn(0);
    }
    ssh2_pkt_getstring(&hostkeydata, &hostkeylen);
    f = ssh2_pkt_getmp();
    ssh2_pkt_getstring(&sigdata, &siglen);

    K = dh_find_K(f);

    sha_string(&exhash, hostkeydata, hostkeylen);
    if (kex == &ssh_diffiehellman_gex) {
        sha_uint32(&exhash, pbits);
        sha_mpint(&exhash, p);
        sha_mpint(&exhash, g);
    }
    sha_mpint(&exhash, e);
    sha_mpint(&exhash, f);
    sha_mpint(&exhash, K);
    SHA_Final(&exhash, exchange_hash);

    dh_cleanup();

#if 0
    debug(("Exchange hash is:\n"));
    dmemdump(exchange_hash, 20);
#endif

    hkey = hostkey->newkey(hostkeydata, hostkeylen);
    if (!hkey ||
        !hostkey->verifysig(hkey, sigdata, siglen, exchange_hash, 20)) {
        bombout(("Server's host key did not match the signature supplied"));
        crReturn(0);
    }

    /*
     * Authenticate remote host: verify host key. (We've already
     * checked the signature of the exchange hash.)
     */
    keystr = hostkey->fmtkey(hkey);
    fingerprint = hostkey->fingerprint(hkey);
    verify_ssh_host_key(savedhost, savedport, hostkey->keytype,
                        keystr, fingerprint);
    if (first_kex) {                   /* don't bother logging this in rekeys */
        logevent("Host key fingerprint is:");
        logevent(fingerprint);
    }
    sfree(fingerprint);
    sfree(keystr);
    hostkey->freekey(hkey);

    /*
     * Send SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS.
     */
    ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS);
    ssh2_pkt_send();

    /*
     * Expect SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS from server.
     */
    crWaitUntil(ispkt);
    if (pktin.type != SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS) {
        bombout(("expected new-keys packet from server"));
        crReturn(0);
    }

    /*
     * Create and initialise session keys.
     */
    cscipher = cscipher_tobe;
    sccipher = sccipher_tobe;
    csmac = csmac_tobe;
    scmac = scmac_tobe;
    cscomp = cscomp_tobe;
    sccomp = sccomp_tobe;
    cscomp->compress_init();
    sccomp->decompress_init();
    /*
     * Set IVs after keys. Here we use the exchange hash from the
     * _first_ key exchange.
     */
    if (first_kex)
        memcpy(ssh2_session_id, exchange_hash, sizeof(exchange_hash));
    ssh2_mkkey(K, exchange_hash, ssh2_session_id, 'C', keyspace);
    cscipher->setcskey(keyspace);
    ssh2_mkkey(K, exchange_hash, ssh2_session_id, 'D', keyspace);
    sccipher->setsckey(keyspace);
    ssh2_mkkey(K, exchange_hash, ssh2_session_id, 'A', keyspace);
    cscipher->setcsiv(keyspace);
    ssh2_mkkey(K, exchange_hash, ssh2_session_id, 'B', keyspace);
    sccipher->setsciv(keyspace);
    ssh2_mkkey(K, exchange_hash, ssh2_session_id, 'E', keyspace);
    csmac->setcskey(keyspace);
    ssh2_mkkey(K, exchange_hash, ssh2_session_id, 'F', keyspace);
    scmac->setsckey(keyspace);

    /*
     * If this is the first key exchange phase, we must pass the
     * SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS packet to the next layer, not because it
     * wants to see it but because it will need time to initialise
     * itself before it sees an actual packet. In subsequent key
     * exchange phases, we don't pass SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS on, because
     * it would only confuse the layer above.
     */
    if (!first_kex) {
        crReturn(0);
    }
    first_kex = 0;

    /*
     * Now we're encrypting. Begin returning 1 to the protocol main
     * function so that other things can run on top of the
     * transport. If we ever see a KEXINIT, we must go back to the
     * start.
     */
    while (!(ispkt && pktin.type == SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT)) {
        crReturn(1);
    }
    logevent("Server initiated key re-exchange");
    goto begin_key_exchange;

    crFinish(1);
}

/*
 * Add data to an SSH2 channel output buffer.
 */
static void ssh2_add_channel_data(struct ssh_channel *c, char *buf,
                                  int len)
{
    bufchain_add(&c->v.v2.outbuffer, buf, len);
}

/*
 * Attempt to send data on an SSH2 channel.
 */
static int ssh2_try_send(struct ssh_channel *c)
{
    while (c->v.v2.remwindow > 0 && bufchain_size(&c->v.v2.outbuffer) > 0) {
        int len;
        void *data;
        bufchain_prefix(&c->v.v2.outbuffer, &data, &len);
        if ((unsigned)len > c->v.v2.remwindow)
            len = c->v.v2.remwindow;
        if ((unsigned)len > c->v.v2.remmaxpkt)
            len = c->v.v2.remmaxpkt;
        ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_DATA);
        ssh2_pkt_adduint32(c->remoteid);
        ssh2_pkt_addstring_start();
        ssh2_pkt_addstring_data(data, len);
        ssh2_pkt_send();
        bufchain_consume(&c->v.v2.outbuffer, len);
        c->v.v2.remwindow -= len;
    }

    /*
     * After having sent as much data as we can, return the amount
     * still buffered.
     */
    return bufchain_size(&c->v.v2.outbuffer);
}

/*
 * Potentially enlarge the window on an SSH2 channel.
 */
static void ssh2_set_window(struct ssh_channel *c, unsigned newwin)
{
    /*
     * Never send WINDOW_ADJUST for a channel that the remote side
     * already thinks it's closed; there's no point, since it won't
     * be sending any more data anyway.
     */
    if (c->closes != 0)
        return;

    if (newwin > c->v.v2.locwindow) {
        ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_WINDOW_ADJUST);
        ssh2_pkt_adduint32(c->remoteid);
        ssh2_pkt_adduint32(newwin - c->v.v2.locwindow);
        ssh2_pkt_send();
        c->v.v2.locwindow = newwin;
    }
}

/*
 * Handle the SSH2 userauth and connection layers.
 */
static void do_ssh2_authconn(unsigned char *in, int inlen, int ispkt)
{
    static enum {
        AUTH_INVALID, AUTH_PUBLICKEY_AGENT, AUTH_PUBLICKEY_FILE,
        AUTH_PASSWORD,
        AUTH_KEYBOARD_INTERACTIVE
    } method;
    static enum {
        AUTH_TYPE_NONE,
        AUTH_TYPE_PUBLICKEY,
        AUTH_TYPE_PUBLICKEY_OFFER_LOUD,
        AUTH_TYPE_PUBLICKEY_OFFER_QUIET,
        AUTH_TYPE_PASSWORD,
        AUTH_TYPE_KEYBOARD_INTERACTIVE,
        AUTH_TYPE_KEYBOARD_INTERACTIVE_QUIET
    } type;
    static int gotit, need_pw, can_pubkey, can_passwd, can_keyb_inter;
    static int tried_pubkey_config, tried_agent, tried_keyb_inter;
    static int kbd_inter_running;
    static int we_are_in;
    static int num_prompts, curr_prompt, echo;
    static char username[100];
    static int got_username;
    static char pwprompt[200];
    static char password[100];
    static void *publickey_blob;
    static int publickey_bloblen;

    crBegin;

    /*
     * Request userauth protocol, and await a response to it.
     */
    ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST);
    ssh2_pkt_addstring("ssh-userauth");
    ssh2_pkt_send();
    crWaitUntilV(ispkt);
    if (pktin.type != SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT) {
        bombout(("Server refused user authentication protocol"));
        crReturnV;
    }

    /*
     * We repeat this whole loop, including the username prompt,
     * until we manage a successful authentication. If the user
     * types the wrong _password_, they are sent back to the
     * beginning to try another username. (If they specify a
     * username in the config, they are never asked, even if they
     * do give a wrong password.)
     * 
     * I think this best serves the needs of
     * 
     *  - the people who have no configuration, no keys, and just
     *    want to try repeated (username,password) pairs until they
     *    type both correctly
     * 
     *  - people who have keys and configuration but occasionally
     *    need to fall back to passwords
     * 
     *  - people with a key held in Pageant, who might not have
     *    logged in to a particular machine before; so they want to
     *    type a username, and then _either_ their key will be
     *    accepted, _or_ they will type a password. If they mistype
     *    the username they will want to be able to get back and
     *    retype it!
     */
    username[0] = '\0';
    got_username = FALSE;
    do {
        /*
         * Get a username.
         */
        if (got_username && !cfg.change_username) {
            /*
             * We got a username last time round this loop, and
             * with change_username turned off we don't try to get
             * it again.
             */
        } else if ((flags & FLAG_INTERACTIVE) && !*cfg.username) {
            if (ssh_get_line && !ssh_getline_pw_only) {
                if (!ssh_get_line("login as: ",
                                  username, sizeof(username), FALSE)) {
                    /*
                     * get_line failed to get a username.
                     * Terminate.
                     */
                    logevent("No username provided. Abandoning session.");
                    ssh_state = SSH_STATE_CLOSED;
                    crReturnV;
                }
            } else {
                static int ret;
                c_write_str("login as: ");
                ssh_send_ok = 1;
                setup_userpass_input(username, sizeof(username), 1);
                do {
                    crWaitUntilV(!ispkt);
                    ret = process_userpass_input(in, inlen);
                } while (ret == 0);
                if (ret < 0)
                    cleanup_exit(0);
            }
            c_write_str("\r\n");
            username[strcspn(username, "\n\r")] = '\0';
        } else {
            char stuff[200];
            strncpy(username, cfg.username, 99);
            username[99] = '\0';
            if ((flags & FLAG_VERBOSE) || (flags & FLAG_INTERACTIVE)) {
                sprintf(stuff, "Using username \"%s\".\r\n", username);
                c_write_str(stuff);
            }
        }
        got_username = TRUE;

        /*
         * Send an authentication request using method "none": (a)
         * just in case it succeeds, and (b) so that we know what
         * authentication methods we can usefully try next.
         */
        ssh_pkt_ctx &= ~SSH2_PKTCTX_AUTH_MASK;

        ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST);
        ssh2_pkt_addstring(username);
        ssh2_pkt_addstring("ssh-connection");   /* service requested */
        ssh2_pkt_addstring("none");    /* method */
        ssh2_pkt_send();
        type = AUTH_TYPE_NONE;
        gotit = FALSE;
        we_are_in = FALSE;

        tried_pubkey_config = FALSE;
        tried_agent = FALSE;
        tried_keyb_inter = FALSE;
        kbd_inter_running = FALSE;
        /* Load the pub half of cfg.keyfile so we notice if it's in Pageant */
        if (*cfg.keyfile) {
            int keytype;
            logeventf("Reading private key file \"%.150s\"", cfg.keyfile);
            keytype = key_type(cfg.keyfile);
            if (keytype == SSH_KEYTYPE_SSH2)
                publickey_blob = ssh2_userkey_loadpub(cfg.keyfile, NULL,
                                                      &publickey_bloblen);
            else {
                char msgbuf[256];
                logeventf("Unable to use this key file (%s)",
                        key_type_to_str(keytype));
                sprintf(msgbuf, "Unable to use key file \"%.150s\" (%s)\r\n",
                        cfg.keyfile, key_type_to_str(keytype));
                c_write_str(msgbuf);
                publickey_blob = NULL;
            }
        } else
            publickey_blob = NULL;

        while (1) {
            /*
             * Wait for the result of the last authentication request.
             */
            if (!gotit)
                crWaitUntilV(ispkt);
            while (pktin.type == SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_BANNER) {
                char *banner;
                int size;
                /*
                 * Don't show the banner if we're operating in
                 * non-verbose non-interactive mode. (It's probably
                 * a script, which means nobody will read the
                 * banner _anyway_, and moreover the printing of
                 * the banner will screw up processing on the
                 * output of (say) plink.)
                 */
                if (flags & (FLAG_VERBOSE | FLAG_INTERACTIVE)) {
                    ssh2_pkt_getstring(&banner, &size);
                    if (banner)
                        c_write_untrusted(banner, size);
                }
                crWaitUntilV(ispkt);
            }
            if (pktin.type == SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_SUCCESS) {
                logevent("Access granted");
                we_are_in = TRUE;
                break;
            }

            if (kbd_inter_running &&
                pktin.type == SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_INFO_REQUEST) {
                /*
                 * This is either a further set-of-prompts packet
                 * in keyboard-interactive authentication, or it's
                 * the same one and we came back here with `gotit'
                 * set. In the former case, we must reset the
                 * curr_prompt variable.
                 */
                if (!gotit)
                    curr_prompt = 0;
            } else if (pktin.type != SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_FAILURE) {
                bombout(("Strange packet received during authentication: type %d",
                         pktin.type));
                crReturnV;
            }

            gotit = FALSE;

            /*
             * OK, we're now sitting on a USERAUTH_FAILURE message, so
             * we can look at the string in it and know what we can
             * helpfully try next.
             */
            if (pktin.type == SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_FAILURE) {
                char *methods;
                int methlen;
                ssh2_pkt_getstring(&methods, &methlen);
                kbd_inter_running = FALSE;
                if (!ssh2_pkt_getbool()) {
                    /*
                     * We have received an unequivocal Access
                     * Denied. This can translate to a variety of
                     * messages:
                     * 
                     *  - if we'd just tried "none" authentication,
                     *    it's not worth printing anything at all
                     * 
                     *  - if we'd just tried a public key _offer_,
                     *    the message should be "Server refused our
                     *    key" (or no message at all if the key
                     *    came from Pageant)
                     * 
                     *  - if we'd just tried anything else, the
                     *    message really should be "Access denied".
                     * 
                     * Additionally, if we'd just tried password
                     * authentication, we should break out of this
                     * whole loop so as to go back to the username
                     * prompt.
                     */
                    if (type == AUTH_TYPE_NONE) {
                        /* do nothing */
                    } else if (type == AUTH_TYPE_PUBLICKEY_OFFER_LOUD ||
                               type == AUTH_TYPE_PUBLICKEY_OFFER_QUIET) {
                        if (type == AUTH_TYPE_PUBLICKEY_OFFER_LOUD)
                            c_write_str("Server refused our key\r\n");
                        logevent("Server refused public key");
                    } else if (type == AUTH_TYPE_KEYBOARD_INTERACTIVE_QUIET) {
                        /* server declined keyboard-interactive; ignore */
                    } else {
                        c_write_str("Access denied\r\n");
                        logevent("Access denied");
                        if (type == AUTH_TYPE_PASSWORD) {
                            we_are_in = FALSE;
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                } else {
                    c_write_str("Further authentication required\r\n");
                    logevent("Further authentication required");
                }

                can_pubkey =
                    in_commasep_string("publickey", methods, methlen);
                can_passwd =
                    in_commasep_string("password", methods, methlen);
                can_keyb_inter = cfg.try_ki_auth &&
                    in_commasep_string("keyboard-interactive", methods, methlen);
            }

            method = 0;
            ssh_pkt_ctx &= ~SSH2_PKTCTX_AUTH_MASK;

            /*
             * Most password/passphrase prompts will be
             * non-echoing, so we set this to 0 by default.
             * Exception is that some keyboard-interactive prompts
             * can be echoing, in which case we'll set this to 1.
             */
            echo = 0;

            if (!method && can_pubkey && agent_exists() && !tried_agent) {
                /*
                 * Attempt public-key authentication using Pageant.
                 */
                static unsigned char request[5], *response, *p;
                static int responselen;
                static int i, nkeys;
                static int authed = FALSE;
                void *r;

                ssh_pkt_ctx &= ~SSH2_PKTCTX_AUTH_MASK;
                ssh_pkt_ctx |= SSH2_PKTCTX_PUBLICKEY;

                tried_agent = TRUE;

                logevent("Pageant is running. Requesting keys.");

                /* Request the keys held by the agent. */
                PUT_32BIT(request, 1);
                request[4] = SSH2_AGENTC_REQUEST_IDENTITIES;
                agent_query(request, 5, &r, &responselen);
                response = (unsigned char *) r;
                if (response && responselen >= 5 &&
                    response[4] == SSH2_AGENT_IDENTITIES_ANSWER) {
                    p = response + 5;
                    nkeys = GET_32BIT(p);
                    p += 4;
                    {
                        char buf[64];
                        sprintf(buf, "Pageant has %d SSH2 keys", nkeys);
                        logevent(buf);
                    }
                    for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++) {
                        static char *pkblob, *alg, *commentp;
                        static int pklen, alglen, commentlen;
                        static int siglen, retlen, len;
                        static char *q, *agentreq, *ret;
                        void *vret;

                        {
                            char buf[64];
                            sprintf(buf, "Trying Pageant key #%d", i);
                            logevent(buf);
                        }
                        pklen = GET_32BIT(p);
                        p += 4;
                        if (publickey_blob &&
                            pklen == publickey_bloblen &&
                            !memcmp(p, publickey_blob, publickey_bloblen)) {
                            logevent("This key matches configured key file");
                            tried_pubkey_config = 1;
                        }
                        pkblob = p;
                        p += pklen;
                        alglen = GET_32BIT(pkblob);
                        alg = pkblob + 4;
                        commentlen = GET_32BIT(p);
                        p += 4;
                        commentp = p;
                        p += commentlen;
                        ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST);
                        ssh2_pkt_addstring(username);
                        ssh2_pkt_addstring("ssh-connection");   /* service requested */
                        ssh2_pkt_addstring("publickey");        /* method */
                        ssh2_pkt_addbool(FALSE);        /* no signature included */
                        ssh2_pkt_addstring_start();
                        ssh2_pkt_addstring_data(alg, alglen);
                        ssh2_pkt_addstring_start();
                        ssh2_pkt_addstring_data(pkblob, pklen);
                        ssh2_pkt_send();

                        crWaitUntilV(ispkt);
                        if (pktin.type != SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_PK_OK) {
                            logevent("Key refused");
                            continue;
                        }

                        if (flags & FLAG_VERBOSE) {
                            c_write_str
                                ("Authenticating with public key \"");
                            c_write(commentp, commentlen);
                            c_write_str("\" from agent\r\n");
                        }

                        /*
                         * Server is willing to accept the key.
                         * Construct a SIGN_REQUEST.
                         */
                        ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST);
                        ssh2_pkt_addstring(username);
                        ssh2_pkt_addstring("ssh-connection");   /* service requested */
                        ssh2_pkt_addstring("publickey");        /* method */
                        ssh2_pkt_addbool(TRUE);
                        ssh2_pkt_addstring_start();
                        ssh2_pkt_addstring_data(alg, alglen);
                        ssh2_pkt_addstring_start();
                        ssh2_pkt_addstring_data(pkblob, pklen);

                        siglen = pktout.length - 5 + 4 + 20;
                        len = 1;       /* message type */
                        len += 4 + pklen;       /* key blob */
                        len += 4 + siglen;      /* data to sign */
                        len += 4;      /* flags */
                        agentreq = smalloc(4 + len);
                        PUT_32BIT(agentreq, len);
                        q = agentreq + 4;
                        *q++ = SSH2_AGENTC_SIGN_REQUEST;
                        PUT_32BIT(q, pklen);
                        q += 4;
                        memcpy(q, pkblob, pklen);
                        q += pklen;
                        PUT_32BIT(q, siglen);
                        q += 4;
                        /* Now the data to be signed... */
                        PUT_32BIT(q, 20);
                        q += 4;
                        memcpy(q, ssh2_session_id, 20);
                        q += 20;
                        memcpy(q, pktout.data + 5, pktout.length - 5);
                        q += pktout.length - 5;
                        /* And finally the (zero) flags word. */
                        PUT_32BIT(q, 0);
                        agent_query(agentreq, len + 4, &vret, &retlen);
                        ret = vret;
                        sfree(agentreq);
                        if (ret) {
                            if (ret[4] == SSH2_AGENT_SIGN_RESPONSE) {
                                logevent("Sending Pageant's response");
                                ssh2_add_sigblob(pkblob, pklen,
                                                 ret + 9, GET_32BIT(ret + 5));
                                ssh2_pkt_send();
                                authed = TRUE;
                                break;
                            } else {
                                logevent
                                    ("Pageant failed to answer challenge");
                                sfree(ret);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    if (authed)
                        continue;
                }
            }

            if (!method && can_pubkey && publickey_blob
                && !tried_pubkey_config) {
                unsigned char *pub_blob;
                char *algorithm, *comment;
                int pub_blob_len;

                tried_pubkey_config = TRUE;

                ssh_pkt_ctx &= ~SSH2_PKTCTX_AUTH_MASK;
                ssh_pkt_ctx |= SSH2_PKTCTX_PUBLICKEY;

                /*
                 * Try the public key supplied in the configuration.
                 *
                 * First, offer the public blob to see if the server is
                 * willing to accept it.
                 */
                pub_blob = ssh2_userkey_loadpub(cfg.keyfile, &algorithm,
                                                &pub_blob_len);
                if (pub_blob) {
                    ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST);
                    ssh2_pkt_addstring(username);
                    ssh2_pkt_addstring("ssh-connection");       /* service requested */
                    ssh2_pkt_addstring("publickey");    /* method */
                    ssh2_pkt_addbool(FALSE);    /* no signature included */
                    ssh2_pkt_addstring(algorithm);
                    ssh2_pkt_addstring_start();
                    ssh2_pkt_addstring_data(pub_blob, pub_blob_len);
                    ssh2_pkt_send();
                    logevent("Offered public key");     /* FIXME */

                    crWaitUntilV(ispkt);
                    if (pktin.type != SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_PK_OK) {
                        gotit = TRUE;
                        type = AUTH_TYPE_PUBLICKEY_OFFER_LOUD;
                        continue;      /* key refused; give up on it */
                    }

                    logevent("Offer of public key accepted");
                    /*
                     * Actually attempt a serious authentication using
                     * the key.
                     */
                    if (ssh2_userkey_encrypted(cfg.keyfile, &comment)) {
                        sprintf(pwprompt,
                                "Passphrase for key \"%.100s\": ",
                                comment);
                        need_pw = TRUE;
                    } else {
                        need_pw = FALSE;
                    }
                    c_write_str("Authenticating with public key \"");
                    c_write_str(comment);
                    c_write_str("\"\r\n");
                    method = AUTH_PUBLICKEY_FILE;
                }
            }

            if (!method && can_keyb_inter && !tried_keyb_inter) {
                method = AUTH_KEYBOARD_INTERACTIVE;
                type = AUTH_TYPE_KEYBOARD_INTERACTIVE;
                tried_keyb_inter = TRUE;

                ssh_pkt_ctx &= ~SSH2_PKTCTX_AUTH_MASK;
                ssh_pkt_ctx |= SSH2_PKTCTX_KBDINTER;

                ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST);
                ssh2_pkt_addstring(username);
                ssh2_pkt_addstring("ssh-connection");   /* service requested */
                ssh2_pkt_addstring("keyboard-interactive");     /* method */
                ssh2_pkt_addstring(""); /* lang */
                ssh2_pkt_addstring("");
                ssh2_pkt_send();

                crWaitUntilV(ispkt);
                if (pktin.type != SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_INFO_REQUEST) {
                    if (pktin.type == SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_FAILURE)
                        gotit = TRUE;
                    logevent("Keyboard-interactive authentication refused");
                    type = AUTH_TYPE_KEYBOARD_INTERACTIVE_QUIET;
                    continue;
                }

                kbd_inter_running = TRUE;
                curr_prompt = 0;
            }

            if (kbd_inter_running) {
                method = AUTH_KEYBOARD_INTERACTIVE;
                type = AUTH_TYPE_KEYBOARD_INTERACTIVE;
                tried_keyb_inter = TRUE;

                ssh_pkt_ctx &= ~SSH2_PKTCTX_AUTH_MASK;
                ssh_pkt_ctx |= SSH2_PKTCTX_KBDINTER;

                if (curr_prompt == 0) {
                    /*
                     * We've got a fresh USERAUTH_INFO_REQUEST.
                     * Display header data, and start going through
                     * the prompts.
                     */
                    char *name, *inst, *lang;
                    int name_len, inst_len, lang_len;

                    ssh2_pkt_getstring(&name, &name_len);
                    ssh2_pkt_getstring(&inst, &inst_len);
                    ssh2_pkt_getstring(&lang, &lang_len);
                    if (name_len > 0) {
                        c_write_untrusted(name, name_len);
                        c_write_str("\r\n");
                    }
                    if (inst_len > 0) {
                        c_write_untrusted(inst, inst_len);
                        c_write_str("\r\n");
                    }
                    num_prompts = ssh2_pkt_getuint32();
                }

                /*
                 * If there are prompts remaining in the packet,
                 * display one and get a response.
                 */
                if (curr_prompt < num_prompts) {
                    char *prompt;
                    int prompt_len;

                    ssh2_pkt_getstring(&prompt, &prompt_len);
                    if (prompt_len > 0) {
                        strncpy(pwprompt, prompt, sizeof(pwprompt));
                        pwprompt[prompt_len < sizeof(pwprompt) ?
                                 prompt_len : sizeof(pwprompt)-1] = '\0';
                    } else {
                        strcpy(pwprompt,
                               "<server failed to send prompt>: ");
                    }
                    echo = ssh2_pkt_getbool();
                    need_pw = TRUE;
                } else
                    need_pw = FALSE;
            }

            if (!method && can_passwd) {
                method = AUTH_PASSWORD;
                ssh_pkt_ctx &= ~SSH2_PKTCTX_AUTH_MASK;
                ssh_pkt_ctx |= SSH2_PKTCTX_PASSWORD;
                sprintf(pwprompt, "%.90s@%.90s's password: ", username,
                        savedhost);
                need_pw = TRUE;
            }

            if (need_pw) {
                if (ssh_get_line) {
                    if (!ssh_get_line(pwprompt, password,
                                      sizeof(password), TRUE)) {
                        /*
                         * get_line failed to get a password (for
                         * example because one was supplied on the
                         * command line which has already failed to
                         * work). Terminate.
                         */
                        ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_DISCONNECT);
                        ssh2_pkt_adduint32(SSH2_DISCONNECT_BY_APPLICATION);
                        ssh2_pkt_addstring
                            ("No more passwords available to try");
                        ssh2_pkt_addstring("en");       /* language tag */
                        ssh2_pkt_send();
                        logevent("Unable to authenticate");
                        connection_fatal("Unable to authenticate");
                        ssh_state = SSH_STATE_CLOSED;
                        crReturnV;
                    }
                } else {
                    static int ret;
                    c_write_untrusted(pwprompt, strlen(pwprompt));
                    ssh_send_ok = 1;

                    setup_userpass_input(password, sizeof(password), echo);
                    do {
                        crWaitUntilV(!ispkt);
                        ret = process_userpass_input(in, inlen);
                    } while (ret == 0);
                    if (ret < 0)
                        cleanup_exit(0);
                    c_write_str("\r\n");
                }
            }

            if (method == AUTH_PUBLICKEY_FILE) {
                /*
                 * We have our passphrase. Now try the actual authentication.
                 */
                struct ssh2_userkey *key;

                key = ssh2_load_userkey(cfg.keyfile, password);
                if (key == SSH2_WRONG_PASSPHRASE || key == NULL) {
                    if (key == SSH2_WRONG_PASSPHRASE) {
                        c_write_str("Wrong passphrase\r\n");
                        tried_pubkey_config = FALSE;
                    } else {
                        c_write_str("Unable to load private key\r\n");
                        tried_pubkey_config = TRUE;
                    }
                    /* Send a spurious AUTH_NONE to return to the top. */
                    ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST);
                    ssh2_pkt_addstring(username);
                    ssh2_pkt_addstring("ssh-connection");       /* service requested */
                    ssh2_pkt_addstring("none"); /* method */
                    ssh2_pkt_send();
                    type = AUTH_TYPE_NONE;
                } else {
                    unsigned char *pkblob, *sigblob, *sigdata;
                    int pkblob_len, sigblob_len, sigdata_len;

                    /*
                     * We have loaded the private key and the server
                     * has announced that it's willing to accept it.
                     * Hallelujah. Generate a signature and send it.
                     */
                    ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST);
                    ssh2_pkt_addstring(username);
                    ssh2_pkt_addstring("ssh-connection");       /* service requested */
                    ssh2_pkt_addstring("publickey");    /* method */
                    ssh2_pkt_addbool(TRUE);
                    ssh2_pkt_addstring(key->alg->name);
                    pkblob = key->alg->public_blob(key->data, &pkblob_len);
                    ssh2_pkt_addstring_start();
                    ssh2_pkt_addstring_data(pkblob, pkblob_len);

                    /*
                     * The data to be signed is:
                     *
                     *   string  session-id
                     *
                     * followed by everything so far placed in the
                     * outgoing packet.
                     */
                    sigdata_len = pktout.length - 5 + 4 + 20;
                    sigdata = smalloc(sigdata_len);
                    PUT_32BIT(sigdata, 20);
                    memcpy(sigdata + 4, ssh2_session_id, 20);
                    memcpy(sigdata + 24, pktout.data + 5,
                           pktout.length - 5);
                    sigblob = key->alg->sign(key->data, sigdata,
                                             sigdata_len, &sigblob_len);
                    ssh2_add_sigblob(pkblob, pkblob_len,
                                     sigblob, sigblob_len);
                    sfree(pkblob);
                    sfree(sigblob);
                    sfree(sigdata);

                    ssh2_pkt_send();
                    type = AUTH_TYPE_PUBLICKEY;
                }
            } else if (method == AUTH_PASSWORD) {
                /*
                 * We send the password packet lumped tightly together with
                 * an SSH_MSG_IGNORE packet. The IGNORE packet contains a
                 * string long enough to make the total length of the two
                 * packets constant. This should ensure that a passive
                 * listener doing traffic analyis can't work out the length
                 * of the password.
                 *
                 * For this to work, we need an assumption about the
                 * maximum length of the password packet. I think 256 is
                 * pretty conservative. Anyone using a password longer than
                 * that probably doesn't have much to worry about from
                 * people who find out how long their password is!
                 */
                ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST);
                ssh2_pkt_addstring(username);
                ssh2_pkt_addstring("ssh-connection");   /* service requested */
                ssh2_pkt_addstring("password");
                ssh2_pkt_addbool(FALSE);
                ssh2_pkt_addstring(password);
                ssh2_pkt_defer();
                /*
                 * We'll include a string that's an exact multiple of the
                 * cipher block size. If the cipher is NULL for some
                 * reason, we don't do this trick at all because we gain
                 * nothing by it.
                 */
                if (cscipher) {
                    int stringlen, i;

                    stringlen = (256 - deferred_len);
                    stringlen += cscipher->blksize - 1;
                    stringlen -= (stringlen % cscipher->blksize);
                    if (cscomp) {
                        /*
                         * Temporarily disable actual compression,
                         * so we can guarantee to get this string
                         * exactly the length we want it. The
                         * compression-disabling routine should
                         * return an integer indicating how many
                         * bytes we should adjust our string length
                         * by.
                         */
                        stringlen -= cscomp->disable_compression();
                    }
                    ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_IGNORE);
                    ssh2_pkt_addstring_start();
                    for (i = 0; i < stringlen; i++) {
                        char c = (char) random_byte();
                        ssh2_pkt_addstring_data(&c, 1);
                    }
                    ssh2_pkt_defer();
                }
                ssh_pkt_defersend();
                logevent("Sent password");
                type = AUTH_TYPE_PASSWORD;
            } else if (method == AUTH_KEYBOARD_INTERACTIVE) {
                if (curr_prompt == 0) {
                    ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_INFO_RESPONSE);
                    ssh2_pkt_adduint32(num_prompts);
                }
                if (need_pw) {         /* only add pw if we just got one! */
                    ssh2_pkt_addstring(password);
                    memset(password, 0, sizeof(password));
                    curr_prompt++;
                }
                if (curr_prompt >= num_prompts) {
                    ssh2_pkt_send();
                } else {
                    /*
                     * If there are prompts remaining, we set
                     * `gotit' so that we won't attempt to get
                     * another packet. Then we go back round the
                     * loop and will end up retrieving another
                     * prompt out of the existing packet. Funky or
                     * what?
                     */
                    gotit = TRUE;
                }
                type = AUTH_TYPE_KEYBOARD_INTERACTIVE;
            } else {
                c_write_str
                    ("No supported authentication methods left to try!\r\n");
                logevent
                    ("No supported authentications offered. Disconnecting");
                ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_DISCONNECT);
                ssh2_pkt_adduint32(SSH2_DISCONNECT_BY_APPLICATION);
                ssh2_pkt_addstring
                    ("No supported authentication methods available");
                ssh2_pkt_addstring("en");       /* language tag */
                ssh2_pkt_send();
                ssh_state = SSH_STATE_CLOSED;
                crReturnV;
            }
        }
    } while (!we_are_in);

    /*
     * Now we're authenticated for the connection protocol. The
     * connection protocol will automatically have started at this
     * point; there's no need to send SERVICE_REQUEST.
     */

    /*
     * So now create a channel with a session in it.
     */
    ssh_channels = newtree234(ssh_channelcmp);
    mainchan = smalloc(sizeof(struct ssh_channel));
    mainchan->localid = alloc_channel_id();
    ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_OPEN);
    ssh2_pkt_addstring("session");
    ssh2_pkt_adduint32(mainchan->localid);
    mainchan->v.v2.locwindow = OUR_V2_WINSIZE;
    ssh2_pkt_adduint32(mainchan->v.v2.locwindow);      /* our window size */
    ssh2_pkt_adduint32(0x4000UL);      /* our max pkt size */
    ssh2_pkt_send();
    crWaitUntilV(ispkt);
    if (pktin.type != SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_OPEN_CONFIRMATION) {
        bombout(("Server refused to open a session"));
        crReturnV;
        /* FIXME: error data comes back in FAILURE packet */
    }
    if (ssh2_pkt_getuint32() != mainchan->localid) {
        bombout(("Server's channel confirmation cited wrong channel"));
        crReturnV;
    }
    mainchan->remoteid = ssh2_pkt_getuint32();
    mainchan->type = CHAN_MAINSESSION;
    mainchan->closes = 0;
    mainchan->v.v2.remwindow = ssh2_pkt_getuint32();
    mainchan->v.v2.remmaxpkt = ssh2_pkt_getuint32();
    bufchain_init(&mainchan->v.v2.outbuffer);
    add234(ssh_channels, mainchan);
    logevent("Opened channel for session");

    /*
     * Potentially enable X11 forwarding.
     */
    if (cfg.x11_forward) {
        char proto[20], data[64];
        logevent("Requesting X11 forwarding");
        x11_invent_auth(proto, sizeof(proto), data, sizeof(data));
        ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_REQUEST);
        ssh2_pkt_adduint32(mainchan->remoteid);
        ssh2_pkt_addstring("x11-req");
        ssh2_pkt_addbool(1);           /* want reply */
        ssh2_pkt_addbool(0);           /* many connections */
        ssh2_pkt_addstring(proto);
        ssh2_pkt_addstring(data);
        ssh2_pkt_adduint32(0);         /* screen number */
        ssh2_pkt_send();

        do {
            crWaitUntilV(ispkt);
            if (pktin.type == SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_WINDOW_ADJUST) {
                unsigned i = ssh2_pkt_getuint32();
                struct ssh_channel *c;
                c = find234(ssh_channels, &i, ssh_channelfind);
                if (!c)
                    continue;          /* nonexistent channel */
                c->v.v2.remwindow += ssh2_pkt_getuint32();
            }
        } while (pktin.type == SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_WINDOW_ADJUST);

        if (pktin.type != SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_SUCCESS) {
            if (pktin.type != SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_FAILURE) {
                bombout(("Unexpected response to X11 forwarding request:"
                         " packet type %d", pktin.type));
                crReturnV;
            }
            logevent("X11 forwarding refused");
        } else {
            logevent("X11 forwarding enabled");
            ssh_X11_fwd_enabled = TRUE;
        }
    }

    /*
     * Enable port forwardings.
     */
    {
        static char *e;                /* preserve across crReturn */
        char type;
        int n;
        int sport,dport,sserv,dserv;
        char sports[256], dports[256], host[256];
        char buf[1024];
        struct servent *se;

        ssh_rportfwds = newtree234(ssh_rportcmp_ssh2);
        /* Add port forwardings. */
        e = cfg.portfwd;
        while (*e) {
            type = *e++;
            n = 0;
            while (*e && *e != '\t')
                sports[n++] = *e++;
            sports[n] = 0;
            if (*e == '\t')
                e++;
            n = 0;
            while (*e && *e != ':')
                host[n++] = *e++;
            host[n] = 0;
            if (*e == ':')
                e++;
            n = 0;
            while (*e)
                dports[n++] = *e++;
            dports[n] = 0;
            e++;
            dport = atoi(dports);
            dserv = 0;
            if (dport == 0) {
                dserv = 1;
                se = getservbyname(dports, NULL);
                if (se != NULL) {
                    dport = ntohs(se->s_port);
                } else {
                    sprintf(buf,
                            "Service lookup failed for destination port \"%s\"",
                            dports);
                    logevent(buf);
                }
            }
            sport = atoi(sports);
            sserv = 0;
            if (sport == 0) {
                sserv = 1;
                se = getservbyname(sports, NULL);
                if (se != NULL) {
                    sport = ntohs(se->s_port);
                } else {
                    sprintf(buf,
                            "Service lookup failed for source port \"%s\"",
                            sports);
                    logevent(buf);
                }
            }
            if (sport && dport) {
                if (type == 'L') {
                    pfd_addforward(host, dport, sport);
                    sprintf(buf, "Local port %.*s%.*s%d%.*s forwarding to"
                            " %s:%.*s%.*s%d%.*s",
                            sserv ? strlen(sports) : 0, sports,
                            sserv, "(", sport, sserv, ")",
                            host,
                            dserv ? strlen(dports) : 0, dports,
                            dserv, "(", dport, dserv, ")");
                    logevent(buf);
                } else {
                    struct ssh_rportfwd *pf;
                    pf = smalloc(sizeof(*pf));
                    strcpy(pf->dhost, host);
                    pf->dport = dport;
                    pf->sport = sport;
                    if (add234(ssh_rportfwds, pf) != pf) {
                        sprintf(buf, 
                                "Duplicate remote port forwarding to %s:%d",
                                host, dport);
                        logevent(buf);
                        sfree(pf);
                    } else {
                        sprintf(buf, "Requesting remote port %.*s%.*s%d%.*s"
                                " forward to %s:%.*s%.*s%d%.*s",
                            sserv ? strlen(sports) : 0, sports,
                            sserv, "(", sport, sserv, ")",
                            host,
                            dserv ? strlen(dports) : 0, dports,
                            dserv, "(", dport, dserv, ")");
                        logevent(buf);
                        ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_GLOBAL_REQUEST);
                        ssh2_pkt_addstring("tcpip-forward");
                        ssh2_pkt_addbool(1);/* want reply */
                        if (cfg.rport_acceptall)
                            ssh2_pkt_addstring("0.0.0.0");
                        else
                            ssh2_pkt_addstring("127.0.0.1");
                        ssh2_pkt_adduint32(sport);
                        ssh2_pkt_send();

                        do {
                            crWaitUntilV(ispkt);
                            if (pktin.type == SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_WINDOW_ADJUST) {
                                unsigned i = ssh2_pkt_getuint32();
                                struct ssh_channel *c;
                                c = find234(ssh_channels, &i, ssh_channelfind);
                                if (!c)
                                    continue;/* nonexistent channel */
                                c->v.v2.remwindow += ssh2_pkt_getuint32();
                            }
                        } while (pktin.type == SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_WINDOW_ADJUST);

                        if (pktin.type != SSH2_MSG_REQUEST_SUCCESS) {
                            if (pktin.type != SSH2_MSG_REQUEST_FAILURE) {
                                bombout(("Unexpected response to port "
                                         "forwarding request: packet type %d",
                                         pktin.type));
                                crReturnV;
                            }
                            logevent("Server refused this port forwarding");
                        } else {
                            logevent("Remote port forwarding enabled");
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /*
     * Potentially enable agent forwarding.
     */
    if (cfg.agentfwd && agent_exists()) {
        logevent("Requesting OpenSSH-style agent forwarding");
        ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_REQUEST);
        ssh2_pkt_adduint32(mainchan->remoteid);
        ssh2_pkt_addstring("auth-agent-req@openssh.com");
        ssh2_pkt_addbool(1);           /* want reply */
        ssh2_pkt_send();

        do {
            crWaitUntilV(ispkt);
            if (pktin.type == SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_WINDOW_ADJUST) {
                unsigned i = ssh2_pkt_getuint32();
                struct ssh_channel *c;
                c = find234(ssh_channels, &i, ssh_channelfind);
                if (!c)
                    continue;          /* nonexistent channel */
                c->v.v2.remwindow += ssh2_pkt_getuint32();
            }
        } while (pktin.type == SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_WINDOW_ADJUST);

        if (pktin.type != SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_SUCCESS) {
            if (pktin.type != SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_FAILURE) {
                bombout(("Unexpected response to agent forwarding request:"
                         " packet type %d", pktin.type));
                crReturnV;
            }
            logevent("Agent forwarding refused");
        } else {
            logevent("Agent forwarding enabled");
            ssh_agentfwd_enabled = TRUE;
        }
    }

    /*
     * Now allocate a pty for the session.
     */
    if (!cfg.nopty) {
        ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_REQUEST);
        ssh2_pkt_adduint32(mainchan->remoteid); /* recipient channel */
        ssh2_pkt_addstring("pty-req");
        ssh2_pkt_addbool(1);           /* want reply */
        ssh2_pkt_addstring(cfg.termtype);
        ssh2_pkt_adduint32(cols);
        ssh2_pkt_adduint32(rows);
        ssh2_pkt_adduint32(0);         /* pixel width */
        ssh2_pkt_adduint32(0);         /* pixel height */
        ssh2_pkt_addstring_start();
        ssh2_pkt_addstring_data("\0", 1);       /* TTY_OP_END, no special options */
        ssh2_pkt_send();
        ssh_state = SSH_STATE_INTERMED;

        do {
            crWaitUntilV(ispkt);
            if (pktin.type == SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_WINDOW_ADJUST) {
                unsigned i = ssh2_pkt_getuint32();
                struct ssh_channel *c;
                c = find234(ssh_channels, &i, ssh_channelfind);
                if (!c)
                    continue;          /* nonexistent channel */
                c->v.v2.remwindow += ssh2_pkt_getuint32();
            }
        } while (pktin.type == SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_WINDOW_ADJUST);

        if (pktin.type != SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_SUCCESS) {
            if (pktin.type != SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_FAILURE) {
                bombout(("Unexpected response to pty request:"
                         " packet type %d", pktin.type));
                crReturnV;
            }
            c_write_str("Server refused to allocate pty\r\n");
            ssh_editing = ssh_echoing = 1;
        } else {
            logevent("Allocated pty");
        }
    } else {
        ssh_editing = ssh_echoing = 1;
    }

    /*
     * Start a shell or a remote command. We may have to attempt
     * this twice if the config data has provided a second choice
     * of command.
     */
    while (1) {
        int subsys;
        char *cmd;

        if (ssh_fallback_cmd) {
            subsys = cfg.ssh_subsys2;
            cmd = cfg.remote_cmd_ptr2;
        } else {
            subsys = cfg.ssh_subsys;
            cmd = cfg.remote_cmd_ptr;
        }

        ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_REQUEST);
        ssh2_pkt_adduint32(mainchan->remoteid); /* recipient channel */
        if (subsys) {
            ssh2_pkt_addstring("subsystem");
            ssh2_pkt_addbool(1);               /* want reply */
            ssh2_pkt_addstring(cmd);
        } else if (*cmd) {
            ssh2_pkt_addstring("exec");
            ssh2_pkt_addbool(1);               /* want reply */
            ssh2_pkt_addstring(cmd);
        } else {
            ssh2_pkt_addstring("shell");
            ssh2_pkt_addbool(1);               /* want reply */
        }
        ssh2_pkt_send();
        do {
            crWaitUntilV(ispkt);
            if (pktin.type == SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_WINDOW_ADJUST) {
                unsigned i = ssh2_pkt_getuint32();
                struct ssh_channel *c;
                c = find234(ssh_channels, &i, ssh_channelfind);
                if (!c)
                    continue;          /* nonexistent channel */
                c->v.v2.remwindow += ssh2_pkt_getuint32();
            }
        } while (pktin.type == SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_WINDOW_ADJUST);
        if (pktin.type != SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_SUCCESS) {
            if (pktin.type != SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_FAILURE) {
                bombout(("Unexpected response to shell/command request:"
                         " packet type %d", pktin.type));
                crReturnV;
            }
            /*
             * We failed to start the command. If this is the
             * fallback command, we really are finished; if it's
             * not, and if the fallback command exists, try falling
             * back to it before complaining.
             */
            if (!ssh_fallback_cmd && cfg.remote_cmd_ptr2 != NULL) {
                logevent("Primary command failed; attempting fallback");
                ssh_fallback_cmd = TRUE;
                continue;
            }
            bombout(("Server refused to start a shell/command"));
            crReturnV;
        } else {
            logevent("Started a shell/command");
        }
        break;
    }

    ssh_state = SSH_STATE_SESSION;
    if (size_needed)
        ssh_size();
    if (eof_needed)
        ssh_special(TS_EOF);

    /*
     * Transfer data!
     */
    ldisc_send(NULL, 0, 0);            /* cause ldisc to notice changes */
    ssh_send_ok = 1;
    while (1) {
        static int try_send;
        crReturnV;
        try_send = FALSE;
        if (ispkt) {
            if (pktin.type == SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_DATA ||
                pktin.type == SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_EXTENDED_DATA) {
                char *data;
                int length;
                unsigned i = ssh2_pkt_getuint32();
                struct ssh_channel *c;
                c = find234(ssh_channels, &i, ssh_channelfind);
                if (!c)
                    continue;          /* nonexistent channel */
                if (pktin.type == SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_EXTENDED_DATA &&
                    ssh2_pkt_getuint32() != SSH2_EXTENDED_DATA_STDERR)
                    continue;          /* extended but not stderr */
                ssh2_pkt_getstring(&data, &length);
                if (data) {
                    int bufsize;
                    c->v.v2.locwindow -= length;
                    switch (c->type) {
                      case CHAN_MAINSESSION:
                        bufsize =
                            from_backend(pktin.type ==
                                         SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_EXTENDED_DATA,
                                         data, length);
                        break;
                      case CHAN_X11:
                        bufsize = x11_send(c->u.x11.s, data, length);
                        break;
                      case CHAN_SOCKDATA:
                        bufsize = pfd_send(c->u.pfd.s, data, length);
                        break;
                      case CHAN_AGENT:
                        while (length > 0) {
                            if (c->u.a.lensofar < 4) {
                                int l = min(4 - c->u.a.lensofar, length);
                                memcpy(c->u.a.msglen + c->u.a.lensofar,
                                       data, l);
                                data += l;
                                length -= l;
                                c->u.a.lensofar += l;
                            }
                            if (c->u.a.lensofar == 4) {
                                c->u.a.totallen =
                                    4 + GET_32BIT(c->u.a.msglen);
                                c->u.a.message = smalloc(c->u.a.totallen);
                                memcpy(c->u.a.message, c->u.a.msglen, 4);
                            }
                            if (c->u.a.lensofar >= 4 && length > 0) {
                                int l =
                                    min(c->u.a.totallen - c->u.a.lensofar,
                                        length);
                                memcpy(c->u.a.message + c->u.a.lensofar,
                                       data, l);
                                data += l;
                                length -= l;
                                c->u.a.lensofar += l;
                            }
                            if (c->u.a.lensofar == c->u.a.totallen) {
                                void *reply, *sentreply;
                                int replylen;
                                agent_query(c->u.a.message,
                                            c->u.a.totallen, &reply,
                                            &replylen);
                                if (reply)
                                    sentreply = reply;
                                else {
                                    /* Fake SSH_AGENT_FAILURE. */
                                    sentreply = "\0\0\0\1\5";
                                    replylen = 5;
                                }
                                ssh2_add_channel_data(c, sentreply,
                                                      replylen);
                                try_send = TRUE;
                                if (reply)
                                    sfree(reply);
                                sfree(c->u.a.message);
                                c->u.a.lensofar = 0;
                            }
                        }
                        bufsize = 0;
                        break;
                    }
                    /*
                     * If we are not buffering too much data,
                     * enlarge the window again at the remote side.
                     */
                    if (bufsize < OUR_V2_WINSIZE)
                        ssh2_set_window(c, OUR_V2_WINSIZE - bufsize);
                }
            } else if (pktin.type == SSH2_MSG_DISCONNECT) {
                ssh_state = SSH_STATE_CLOSED;
                logevent("Received disconnect message");
                crReturnV;
            } else if (pktin.type == SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_EOF) {
                unsigned i = ssh2_pkt_getuint32();
                struct ssh_channel *c;

                c = find234(ssh_channels, &i, ssh_channelfind);
                if (!c)
                    continue;          /* nonexistent channel */

                if (c->type == CHAN_X11) {
                    /*
                     * Remote EOF on an X11 channel means we should
                     * wrap up and close the channel ourselves.
                     */
                    x11_close(c->u.x11.s);
                    sshfwd_close(c);
                } else if (c->type == CHAN_AGENT) {
                    sshfwd_close(c);
                } else if (c->type == CHAN_SOCKDATA) {
                    pfd_close(c->u.pfd.s);
                    sshfwd_close(c);
                }
            } else if (pktin.type == SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_CLOSE) {
                unsigned i = ssh2_pkt_getuint32();
                struct ssh_channel *c;

                c = find234(ssh_channels, &i, ssh_channelfind);
                if (!c)
                    continue;          /* nonexistent channel */
                /* Do pre-close processing on the channel. */
                switch (c->type) {
                  case CHAN_MAINSESSION:
                    break;             /* nothing to see here, move along */
                  case CHAN_X11:
                    if (c->u.x11.s != NULL)
                        x11_close(c->u.x11.s);
                    sshfwd_close(c);
                    break;
                  case CHAN_AGENT:
                    sshfwd_close(c);
                    break;
                  case CHAN_SOCKDATA:
                    if (c->u.pfd.s != NULL)
                        pfd_close(c->u.pfd.s);
                    sshfwd_close(c);
                    break;
                }
                if (c->closes == 0) {
                    ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_CLOSE);
                    ssh2_pkt_adduint32(c->remoteid);
                    ssh2_pkt_send();
                }
                del234(ssh_channels, c);
                bufchain_clear(&c->v.v2.outbuffer);
                sfree(c);

                /*
                 * See if that was the last channel left open.
                 */
                if (count234(ssh_channels) == 0) {
#if 0
                    /*
                     * We used to send SSH_MSG_DISCONNECT here,
                     * because I'd believed that _every_ conforming
                     * SSH2 connection had to end with a disconnect
                     * being sent by at least one side; apparently
                     * I was wrong and it's perfectly OK to
                     * unceremoniously slam the connection shut
                     * when you're done, and indeed OpenSSH feels
                     * this is more polite than sending a
                     * DISCONNECT. So now we don't.
                     */
                    logevent("All channels closed. Disconnecting");
                    ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_DISCONNECT);
                    ssh2_pkt_adduint32(SSH2_DISCONNECT_BY_APPLICATION);
                    ssh2_pkt_addstring("All open channels closed");
                    ssh2_pkt_addstring("en");   /* language tag */
                    ssh2_pkt_send();
#endif
                    ssh_state = SSH_STATE_CLOSED;
                    crReturnV;
                }
                continue;              /* remote sends close; ignore (FIXME) */
            } else if (pktin.type == SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_WINDOW_ADJUST) {
                unsigned i = ssh2_pkt_getuint32();
                struct ssh_channel *c;
                c = find234(ssh_channels, &i, ssh_channelfind);
                if (!c)
                    continue;          /* nonexistent channel */
                c->v.v2.remwindow += ssh2_pkt_getuint32();
                try_send = TRUE;
            } else if (pktin.type == SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_OPEN_CONFIRMATION) {
                unsigned i = ssh2_pkt_getuint32();
                struct ssh_channel *c;
                c = find234(ssh_channels, &i, ssh_channelfind);
                if (!c)
                    continue;          /* nonexistent channel */
                if (c->type != CHAN_SOCKDATA_DORMANT)
                    continue;          /* dunno why they're confirming this */
                c->remoteid = ssh2_pkt_getuint32();
                c->type = CHAN_SOCKDATA;
                c->v.v2.remwindow = ssh2_pkt_getuint32();
                c->v.v2.remmaxpkt = ssh2_pkt_getuint32();
                if (c->u.pfd.s)
                    pfd_confirm(c->u.pfd.s);
                if (c->closes) {
                    /*
                     * We have a pending close on this channel,
                     * which we decided on before the server acked
                     * the channel open. So now we know the
                     * remoteid, we can close it again.
                     */
                    ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_CLOSE);
                    ssh2_pkt_adduint32(c->remoteid);
                    ssh2_pkt_send();
                }
            } else if (pktin.type == SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_OPEN_FAILURE) {
                unsigned i = ssh2_pkt_getuint32();
                struct ssh_channel *c;
                c = find234(ssh_channels, &i, ssh_channelfind);
                if (!c)
                    continue;          /* nonexistent channel */
                if (c->type != CHAN_SOCKDATA_DORMANT)
                    continue;          /* dunno why they're failing this */

                logevent("Forwarded connection refused by server");

                pfd_close(c->u.pfd.s);

                del234(ssh_channels, c);
                sfree(c);
            } else if (pktin.type == SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_REQUEST) {
                unsigned localid;
                char *type;
                int typelen, want_reply;
                struct ssh_channel *c;

                localid = ssh2_pkt_getuint32();
                ssh2_pkt_getstring(&type, &typelen);
                want_reply = ssh2_pkt_getbool();

                /*
                 * First, check that the channel exists. Otherwise,
                 * we can instantly disconnect with a rude message.
                 */
                c = find234(ssh_channels, &localid, ssh_channelfind);
                if (!c) {
                    char buf[80];
                    sprintf(buf, "Received channel request for nonexistent"
                            " channel %d", localid);
                    logevent(buf);
                    ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_DISCONNECT);
                    ssh2_pkt_adduint32(SSH2_DISCONNECT_BY_APPLICATION);
                    ssh2_pkt_addstring(buf);
                    ssh2_pkt_addstring("en");   /* language tag */
                    ssh2_pkt_send();
                    connection_fatal("%s", buf);
                    ssh_state = SSH_STATE_CLOSED;
                    crReturnV;
                }

                /*
                 * Having got the channel number, we now look at
                 * the request type string to see if it's something
                 * we recognise.
                 */
                if (typelen == 11 && !memcmp(type, "exit-status", 11) &&
                    c == mainchan) {
                    /* We recognise "exit-status" on the primary channel. */
                    char buf[100];
                    ssh_exitcode = ssh2_pkt_getuint32();
                    sprintf(buf, "Server sent command exit status %d",
                            ssh_exitcode);
                    logevent(buf);
                    if (want_reply) {
                        ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_SUCCESS);
                        ssh2_pkt_adduint32(c->remoteid);
                        ssh2_pkt_send();
                    }
                } else {
                    /*
                     * This is a channel request we don't know
                     * about, so we now either ignore the request
                     * or respond with CHANNEL_FAILURE, depending
                     * on want_reply.
                     */
                    if (want_reply) {
                        ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_FAILURE);
                        ssh2_pkt_adduint32(c->remoteid);
                        ssh2_pkt_send();
                    }
                }
            } else if (pktin.type == SSH2_MSG_GLOBAL_REQUEST) {
                char *type;
                int typelen, want_reply;

                ssh2_pkt_getstring(&type, &typelen);
                want_reply = ssh2_pkt_getbool();

                /*
                 * We currently don't support any global requests
                 * at all, so we either ignore the request or
                 * respond with REQUEST_FAILURE, depending on
                 * want_reply.
                 */
                if (want_reply) {
                    ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_REQUEST_FAILURE);
                    ssh2_pkt_send();
                }
            } else if (pktin.type == SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_OPEN) {
                char *type;
                int typelen;
                char *error = NULL;
                struct ssh_channel *c;
                unsigned remid, winsize, pktsize;
                ssh2_pkt_getstring(&type, &typelen);
                c = smalloc(sizeof(struct ssh_channel));

                remid = ssh2_pkt_getuint32();
                winsize = ssh2_pkt_getuint32();
                pktsize = ssh2_pkt_getuint32();

                if (typelen == 3 && !memcmp(type, "x11", 3)) {
                    if (!ssh_X11_fwd_enabled)
                        error = "X11 forwarding is not enabled";
                    else if (x11_init(&c->u.x11.s, cfg.x11_display, c) !=
                             NULL) {
                        error = "Unable to open an X11 connection";
                    } else {
                        c->type = CHAN_X11;
                    }
                } else if (typelen == 15 &&
                           !memcmp(type, "forwarded-tcpip", 15)) {
                    struct ssh_rportfwd pf, *realpf;
                    char *dummy;
                    int dummylen;
                    ssh2_pkt_getstring(&dummy, &dummylen);/* skip address */
                    pf.sport = ssh2_pkt_getuint32();
                    realpf = find234(ssh_rportfwds, &pf, NULL);
                    if (realpf == NULL) {
                        error = "Remote port is not recognised";
                    } else {
                        char *e = pfd_newconnect(&c->u.pfd.s, realpf->dhost,
                                                 realpf->dport, c);
                        char buf[1024];
                        sprintf(buf, "Received remote port open request for %s:%d",
                                realpf->dhost, realpf->dport);
                        logevent(buf);
                        if (e != NULL) {
                            sprintf(buf, "Port open failed: %s", e);
                            logevent(buf);
                            error = "Port open failed";
                        } else {
                            logevent("Forwarded port opened successfully");
                            c->type = CHAN_SOCKDATA;
                        }
                    }
                } else if (typelen == 22 &&
                           !memcmp(type, "auth-agent@openssh.com", 3)) {
                    if (!ssh_agentfwd_enabled)
                        error = "Agent forwarding is not enabled";
                    else {
                        c->type = CHAN_AGENT;   /* identify channel type */
                        c->u.a.lensofar = 0;
                    }
                } else {
                    error = "Unsupported channel type requested";
                }

                c->remoteid = remid;
                if (error) {
                    ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_OPEN_FAILURE);
                    ssh2_pkt_adduint32(c->remoteid);
                    ssh2_pkt_adduint32(SSH2_OPEN_CONNECT_FAILED);
                    ssh2_pkt_addstring(error);
                    ssh2_pkt_addstring("en");   /* language tag */
                    ssh2_pkt_send();
                    sfree(c);
                } else {
                    c->localid = alloc_channel_id();
                    c->closes = 0;
                    c->v.v2.locwindow = OUR_V2_WINSIZE;
                    c->v.v2.remwindow = winsize;
                    c->v.v2.remmaxpkt = pktsize;
                    bufchain_init(&c->v.v2.outbuffer);
                    add234(ssh_channels, c);
                    ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_OPEN_CONFIRMATION);
                    ssh2_pkt_adduint32(c->remoteid);
                    ssh2_pkt_adduint32(c->localid);
                    ssh2_pkt_adduint32(c->v.v2.locwindow);
                    ssh2_pkt_adduint32(0x4000UL);       /* our max pkt size */
                    ssh2_pkt_send();
                }
            } else {
                bombout(("Strange packet received: type %d", pktin.type));
                crReturnV;
            }
        } else {
            /*
             * We have spare data. Add it to the channel buffer.
             */
            ssh2_add_channel_data(mainchan, in, inlen);
            try_send = TRUE;
        }
        if (try_send) {
            int i;
            struct ssh_channel *c;
            /*
             * Try to send data on all channels if we can.
             */
            for (i = 0; NULL != (c = index234(ssh_channels, i)); i++) {
                int bufsize = ssh2_try_send(c);
                if (bufsize == 0) {
                    switch (c->type) {
                      case CHAN_MAINSESSION:
                        /* stdin need not receive an unthrottle
                         * notification since it will be polled */
                        break;
                      case CHAN_X11:
                        x11_unthrottle(c->u.x11.s);
                        break;
                      case CHAN_AGENT:
                        /* agent sockets are request/response and need no
                         * buffer management */
                        break;
                      case CHAN_SOCKDATA:
                        pfd_unthrottle(c->u.pfd.s);
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    crFinishV;
}

/*
 * Handle the top-level SSH2 protocol.
 */
static void ssh2_protocol(unsigned char *in, int inlen, int ispkt)
{
    if (do_ssh2_transport(in, inlen, ispkt) == 0)
        return;
    do_ssh2_authconn(in, inlen, ispkt);
}

/*
 * Called to set up the connection.
 *
 * Returns an error message, or NULL on success.
 */
static char *ssh_init(char *host, int port, char **realhost, int nodelay)
{
    char *p;

#ifdef MSCRYPTOAPI
    if (crypto_startup() == 0)
        return "Microsoft high encryption pack not installed!";
#endif

    ssh_send_ok = 0;
    ssh_editing = 0;
    ssh_echoing = 0;
    ssh1_throttle_count = 0;
    ssh_overall_bufsize = 0;
    ssh_fallback_cmd = 0;

    p = connect_to_host(host, port, realhost, nodelay);
    if (p != NULL)
        return p;

    return NULL;
}

/*
 * Called to send data down the Telnet connection.
 */
static int ssh_send(char *buf, int len)
{
    if (s == NULL || ssh_protocol == NULL)
        return 0;

    ssh_protocol(buf, len, 0);

    return ssh_sendbuffer();
}

/*
 * Called to query the current amount of buffered stdin data.
 */
static int ssh_sendbuffer(void)
{
    int override_value;

    if (s == NULL || ssh_protocol == NULL)
        return 0;

    /*
     * If the SSH socket itself has backed up, add the total backup
     * size on that to any individual buffer on the stdin channel.
     */
    override_value = 0;
    if (ssh_throttled_all)
        override_value = ssh_overall_bufsize;

    if (ssh_version == 1) {
        return override_value;
    } else if (ssh_version == 2) {
        if (!mainchan || mainchan->closes > 0)
            return override_value;
        else
            return override_value + bufchain_size(&mainchan->v.v2.outbuffer);
    }

    return 0;
}

/*
 * Called to set the size of the window from SSH's POV.
 */
static void ssh_size(void)
{
    switch (ssh_state) {
      case SSH_STATE_BEFORE_SIZE:
      case SSH_STATE_PREPACKET:
      case SSH_STATE_CLOSED:
        break;                         /* do nothing */
      case SSH_STATE_INTERMED:
        size_needed = TRUE;            /* buffer for later */
        break;
      case SSH_STATE_SESSION:
        if (!cfg.nopty) {
            if (ssh_version == 1) {
                send_packet(SSH1_CMSG_WINDOW_SIZE,
                            PKT_INT, rows, PKT_INT, cols,
                            PKT_INT, 0, PKT_INT, 0, PKT_END);
            } else {
                ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_REQUEST);
                ssh2_pkt_adduint32(mainchan->remoteid);
                ssh2_pkt_addstring("window-change");
                ssh2_pkt_addbool(0);
                ssh2_pkt_adduint32(cols);
                ssh2_pkt_adduint32(rows);
                ssh2_pkt_adduint32(0);
                ssh2_pkt_adduint32(0);
                ssh2_pkt_send();
            }
        }
        break;
    }
}

/*
 * Send Telnet special codes. TS_EOF is useful for `plink', so you
 * can send an EOF and collect resulting output (e.g. `plink
 * hostname sort').
 */
static void ssh_special(Telnet_Special code)
{
    if (code == TS_EOF) {
        if (ssh_state != SSH_STATE_SESSION) {
            /*
             * Buffer the EOF in case we are pre-SESSION, so we can
             * send it as soon as we reach SESSION.
             */
            if (code == TS_EOF)
                eof_needed = TRUE;
            return;
        }
        if (ssh_version == 1) {
            send_packet(SSH1_CMSG_EOF, PKT_END);
        } else {
            ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_EOF);
            ssh2_pkt_adduint32(mainchan->remoteid);
            ssh2_pkt_send();
        }
        logevent("Sent EOF message");
    } else if (code == TS_PING) {
        if (ssh_state == SSH_STATE_CLOSED
            || ssh_state == SSH_STATE_PREPACKET) return;
        if (ssh_version == 1) {
            if (!(ssh_remote_bugs & BUG_CHOKES_ON_SSH1_IGNORE))
                send_packet(SSH1_MSG_IGNORE, PKT_STR, "", PKT_END);
        } else {
            ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_IGNORE);
            ssh2_pkt_addstring_start();
            ssh2_pkt_send();
        }
    } else {
        /* do nothing */
    }
}

void *new_sock_channel(Socket s)
{
    struct ssh_channel *c;
    c = smalloc(sizeof(struct ssh_channel));

    if (c) {
        c->remoteid = -1;              /* to be set when open confirmed */
        c->localid = alloc_channel_id();
        c->closes = 0;
        c->type = CHAN_SOCKDATA_DORMANT;/* identify channel type */
        c->u.pfd.s = s;
        bufchain_init(&c->v.v2.outbuffer);
        add234(ssh_channels, c);
    }
    return c;
}

/*
 * This is called when stdout/stderr (the entity to which
 * from_backend sends data) manages to clear some backlog.
 */
void ssh_unthrottle(int bufsize)
{
    if (ssh_version == 1) {
        if (ssh1_stdout_throttling && bufsize < SSH1_BUFFER_LIMIT) {
            ssh1_stdout_throttling = 0;
            ssh1_throttle(-1);
        }
    } else {
        if (mainchan && mainchan->closes == 0)
            ssh2_set_window(mainchan, OUR_V2_WINSIZE - bufsize);
    }
}

void ssh_send_port_open(void *channel, char *hostname, int port, char *org)
{
    struct ssh_channel *c = (struct ssh_channel *)channel;
    char buf[1024];

    sprintf(buf, "Opening forwarded connection to %.512s:%d", hostname, port);
    logevent(buf);

    if (ssh_version == 1) {
        send_packet(SSH1_MSG_PORT_OPEN,
                    PKT_INT, c->localid,
                    PKT_STR, hostname,
                    PKT_INT, port,
                    //PKT_STR, <org:orgport>,
                    PKT_END);
    } else {
        ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_OPEN);
        ssh2_pkt_addstring("direct-tcpip");
        ssh2_pkt_adduint32(c->localid);
        c->v.v2.locwindow = OUR_V2_WINSIZE;
        ssh2_pkt_adduint32(c->v.v2.locwindow);/* our window size */
        ssh2_pkt_adduint32(0x4000UL);      /* our max pkt size */
        ssh2_pkt_addstring(hostname);
        ssh2_pkt_adduint32(port);
        /*
         * We make up values for the originator data; partly it's
         * too much hassle to keep track, and partly I'm not
         * convinced the server should be told details like that
         * about my local network configuration.
         */
        ssh2_pkt_addstring("client-side-connection");
        ssh2_pkt_adduint32(0);
        ssh2_pkt_send();
    }
}


static Socket ssh_socket(void)
{
    return s;
}

static int ssh_sendok(void)
{
    return ssh_send_ok;
}

static int ssh_ldisc(int option)
{
    if (option == LD_ECHO)
        return ssh_echoing;
    if (option == LD_EDIT)
        return ssh_editing;
    return FALSE;
}

static int ssh_return_exitcode(void)
{
    return ssh_exitcode;
}

Backend ssh_backend = {
    ssh_init,
    ssh_send,
    ssh_sendbuffer,
    ssh_size,
    ssh_special,
    ssh_socket,
    ssh_return_exitcode,
    ssh_sendok,
    ssh_ldisc,
    ssh_unthrottle,
    22
};