Merge branches 'mdw/doc-reorg' and 'mdw/parser-fixes'

Merge branches 'mdw/doc-reorg' and 'mdw/parser-fixes'

* mdw/doc-reorg: (34 commits)
  doc/refintro.tex, src/sod-module.5: Fix slightly garbled text.
  doc/syntax.tex: Delete (wrong) duplicate rule for <argument-declarator>.
  doc/syntax.tex: Consistently use baseline-level ellipses in syntax.
  doc/concepts.tex: Fix a rather distant demonstrative.
  test/: Add a simple rational-number class.
  src/method-impl.lisp: Initialize `suppliedp' flags properly.
  src/class-output.lisp: Fix missing parentheses around `me' in message macros.
  doc/concepts.tex: Fix garbled fragment ordering rules.
  doc/runtime.tex: Fix name of `SOD_XCHAIN' macro.
  doc/structures.tex, lib/sod-structs.3: Fix in-chain ichain exemplar.
  src/optparse.lisp: Indent a line correctly.
  test/test.sod: Abbreviate the T1 class nicknames.
  src/method-impl.lisp: Mark `sod__obj' as ignorable in effective methods.
  src/method-aggregate.lisp: Allow useful behaviour if no primary methods.
  doc/intro.tex: Begin a (rather extensive) comparison with C++.
  doc/Makefile.am, doc/sod.tex: Actually include the stub intro.
  doc/intro.tex: Fix erroneous `\manpage' to correct `\man'.
  doc/concepts.tex: Include diagram of standard method combination.
  doc/Makefile.am: Enable `\nonstopmode' in TeX processing.
  doc/Makefile.am: Abstract out repeated TeX arguments into a variable.
  ...

* mdw/parser-fixes: (97 commits)
  src/class-finalize.lisp: Improve reporting of CPL construction errors.
  src/class-finalize-impl.lisp: Move error reporting to `merge-class-lists'.
  src/class-finalize-impl.lisp (clos-cpl, dylan-cpl): Improve formatting.
  src/class-finalize-impl.lisp (clos-tiebreaker): Refactor.
  src/class-finalize.lisp (merge-class-lists): Zap pointless `:present' arg.
  src/module-impl.lisp (c-fragment): Fix docstring formatting.
  src/module-parse.lisp: Improve error recovery for core class items.
  src/module-parse.lisp: Abstract out `parse-maybe-dotted-name'.
  src/module-parse.lisp: Use `quote', not `list', to make constant lists.
  src/module-parse.lisp: Use `dotted-name', not `dotted-identifier'.
  src/module-parse.lisp: Catch errors during class-item construction.
  src/module-parse.lisp: Factor out slot and maybe-initializer creation.
  src/module-parse.lisp: Improve error recovery for `class' item framing.
  src/class-utilities.lisp: Permit `temporary-name' objects as class names.
  src/class-utilities.lisp: Improve reporting of multiple root classes.
  src/module-parse.lisp: Improve error recovery for `initarg' class-items.
  src/module-parse.lisp: Improve error recovery for `lisp' items.
  src/module-parse.lisp: Improve error recovery for `load' and `import' items.
  src/module-parse.lisp: Improve error recovery for `test' items.
  src/module-parse.lisp: Improve error recovery for `code' items.
  ...