\define{by} \u00D7{x}
+\define{dash} \u2013{-}
+
This is a collection of small one-player puzzle games.
-\copyright This manual is copyright 2004 Simon Tatham. All rights
+\copyright This manual is copyright 2004-5 Simon Tatham. All rights
reserved. You may distribute this documentation under the MIT licence.
See \k{licence} for the licence text in full.
find (or perhaps invent) further puzzle games that I like, they'll
be added to this collection and will immediately be available on
both platforms. And if anyone feels like writing any other front
-ends - PocketPC, Mac OS pre-10, or whatever it might be - then all
-the games in this framework will immediately become available on
-another platform as well.
+ends \dash PocketPC, Mac OS pre-10, or whatever it might be \dash
+then all the games in this framework will immediately become
+available on another platform as well.
-The actual games in this collection were mostly not my invention; I
-saw them elsewhere, and rewrote them in a form that was more
-convenient for me. I do not claim credit, in general, for inventing
-the rules of any of these puzzles; all I claim is authorship of the
-code (or at least those parts of the code that weren't contributed
-by other people!).
+The actual games in this collection were mostly not my invention; they
+are re-implementations of existing game concepts within my portable
+puzzle framework. I do not claim credit, in general, for inventing the
+rules of any of these puzzles. (I don't even claim authorship of all
+the code; some of the puzzles have been submitted by other authors.)
This collection is distributed under the \i{MIT licence} (see
\k{licence}). This means that you can do pretty much anything you like
\dd Resets the current game to its initial state. (This can be undone.)
+\dt \ii\e{Load}
+
+\dd Loads a saved game from a file on disk.
+
+\dt \ii\e{Save}
+
+\dd Saves the current state of your game to a file on disk.
+
+\lcont{
+
+The Load and Save operations should preserve your entire game
+history (so you can save, reload, and still Undo and Redo things you
+had done before saving).
+
+}
+
+\dt \ii\e{Print}
+
+\dd Where supported (currently only on Windows), brings up a dialog
+allowing you to print an arbitrary number of puzzles randomly
+generated from the current parameters, optionally including the
+current puzzle.
+
\dt \ii\e{Undo} (\q{U}, Ctrl+\q{Z}, Ctrl+\q{_})
\dd Undoes a single move. (You can undo moves back to the start of the
then some options, such as the difficulty level in Solo, will be
missing. See \k{common-id} for more details on this.)
+
\C{net} \i{Net}
\cfg{winhelp-topic}{games.net}
\dt \e{Rotate tile clockwise}: right mouse button, \q{D} key
+\dt \e{Rotate tile by 180 degrees}: \q{F} key
+
\dt \e{Lock (or unlock) tile}: middle mouse button, shift-click, \q{S} key
\dd You can lock a tile once you're sure of its orientation. You can
also unlock it again, but while it's locked you can't accidentally
turn it.
+The following controls are not necessary to complete the game, but may
+be useful:
+
+\dt \e{Shift grid}: Shift + arrow keys
+
+\dd On grids that wrap, you can move the origin of the grid, so that
+tiles that were on opposite sides of the grid can be seen together.
+
+\dt \e{Move centre}: Ctrl + arrow keys
+
+\dd You can change which tile is used as the source of highlighting.
+(It doesn't ultimately matter which tile this is, as every tile will
+be connected to every other tile in a correct solution, but it may be
+helpful in the intermediate stages of solving the puzzle.)
+
\dt \e{Jumble tiles}: \q{J} key
\dd This key turns all tiles that are not locked to random
the possible solutions can be an additional challenge for an
advanced player.)
+
\C{cube} \i{Cube}
\cfg{winhelp-topic}{games.cube}
\IM{Cube controls} keys, for Cube
\IM{Cube controls} shortcuts (keyboard), for Cube
-This game is played with the keyboard. The arrow keys are used to roll the
-cube (or other solid).
+This game can be played with either the keyboard or the mouse.
+Left-clicking anywhere on the window will move the cube (or other
+solid) towards the mouse pointer.
+
+The arrow keys can also used to roll the cube on its square grid in
+the four cardinal directions.
On the triangular grids, the mapping of arrow keys to directions is
more approximate. Vertical movement is disallowed where it doesn't
make sense. The four keys surrounding the arrow keys on the numeric
\cfg{winhelp-topic}{games.netslide}
-This game was submitted by Richard Boulton. It combines the grid
-generation of Net (see \k{net}) with the movement of Sixteen (see
-\k{sixteen}): you have a Net grid, but instead of rotating tiles back
-into place you have to slide them into place by moving a whole row at
-a time.
+This game combines the grid generation of Net (see \k{net}) with the
+movement of Sixteen (see \k{sixteen}): you have a Net grid, but
+instead of rotating tiles back into place you have to slide them
+into place by moving a whole row at a time.
As in Sixteen, \I{controls, for Netslide}control is with the mouse.
See \k{sixteen-controls}.
-\I{parameters, for Netslide}Game parameters are the same as for Net
-(see \k{net-params}).
+\I{parameters, for Netslide}The available game parameters have similar
+meanings to those in Net (see \k{net-params}) and Sixteen (see
+\k{sixteen-params}).
+
+Netslide was contributed to this collection by Richard Boulton.
\C{pattern} \i{Pattern}
will be a square you can fill in with a single number at all times,
whereas at \q{Intermediate} level and beyond you will have to make
partial deductions about the \e{set} of squares a number could be in
-(or the set of numbers that could be in a square). At
-\q{Unreasonable} level, even this is not enough, and you will
+(or the set of numbers that could be in a square).
+\#{Advanced, Extreme?}
+At \q{Unreasonable} level, even this is not enough, and you will
eventually have to make a guess, and then backtrack if it turns out
to be wrong.
-Generating difficult puzzles is itself difficult: if you select
-\q{Intermediate} or \q{Advanced} difficulty, Solo may have to make
-many attempts at generating a puzzle before it finds one hard enough
-for you. Be prepared to wait, especially if you have also configured
-a large puzzle size.
+Generating difficult puzzles is itself difficult: if you select one
+of the higher difficulty levels, Solo may have to make many attempts
+at generating a puzzle before it finds one hard enough for you. Be
+prepared to wait, especially if you have also configured a large
+puzzle size.
+
+
+\C{mines} \i{Mines}
+
+\cfg{winhelp-topic}{games.mines}
+
+You have a grid of covered squares, some of which contain mines, but
+you don't know which. Your job is to uncover every square which does
+\e{not} contain a mine. If you uncover a square containing a mine,
+you lose. If you uncover a square which does not contain a mine, you
+are told how many mines are contained within the eight surrounding
+squares.
+
+This game needs no introduction; popularised by Windows, it is
+perhaps the single best known desktop puzzle game in existence.
+
+This version of it has an unusual property. By default, it will
+generate its mine positions in such a way as to ensure that you
+never need to \e{guess} where a mine is: you will always be able to
+deduce it somehow. So you will never, as can happen in other
+versions, get to the last four squares and discover that there are
+two mines left but you have no way of knowing for sure where they
+are.
+
+\H{mines-controls} \I{controls, for Mines}Mines controls
+
+This game is played with the mouse.
+
+If you left-click in a covered square, it will be uncovered.
+
+If you right-click in a covered square, it will place a flag which
+indicates that the square is believed to be a mine. Left-clicking in
+a marked square will not uncover it, for safety. You can right-click
+again to remove a mark placed in error.
+
+If you left-click in an \e{uncovered} square, it will \q{clear
+around} the square. This means: if the square has exactly as many
+flags surrounding it as it should have mines, then all the covered
+squares next to it which are \e{not} flagged will be uncovered. So
+once you think you know the location of all the mines around a
+square, you can use this function as a shortcut to avoid having to
+click on each of the remaining squares one by one.
+
+If you uncover a square which has \e{no} mines in the surrounding
+eight squares, then it is obviously safe to uncover those squares in
+turn, and so on if any of them also has no surrounding mines. This
+will be done for you automatically; so sometimes when you uncover a
+square, a whole new area will open up to be explored.
+
+All the actions described in \k{common-actions} are also available.
+
+Even Undo is available, although you might consider it cheating to
+use it. If you step on a mine, the program will only reveal the mine
+in question (unlike most other implementations, which reveal all of
+them). You can then Undo your fatal move and continue playing if you
+like. The program will track the number of times you died (and Undo
+will not reduce that counter), so when you get to the end of the
+game you know whether or not you did it without making any errors.
+
+(If you really want to know the full layout of the grid, which other
+implementations will show you after you die, you can always use the
+Solve menu option.)
+
+\H{mines-parameters} \I{parameters, for Mines}Mines parameters
+
+The options available from the \q{Custom...} option on the \q{Type}
+menu are:
+
+\dt \e{Width}, \e{Height}
+
+\dd Size of grid in squares.
+
+\dt \e{Mines}
+
+\dd Number of mines in the grid. You can enter this as an absolute
+mine count, or alternatively you can put a \cw{%} sign on the end in
+which case the game will arrange for that proportion of the squares
+in the grid to be mines.
+
+\lcont{
+
+Beware of setting the mine count too high. At very high densities,
+the program may spend forever searching for a solvable grid.
+
+}
+
+\dt \e{Ensure solubility}
+
+\dd When this option is enabled (as it is by default), Mines will
+ensure that the entire grid can be fully deduced starting from the
+initial open space. If you prefer the riskier grids generated by
+other implementations, you can switch off this option.
+
+
+\C{samegame} \i{Same Game}
+
+\cfg{winhelp-topic}{games.samegame}
+
+You have a grid of coloured squares, which you have to clear by
+highlighting contiguous regions of more than one coloured square;
+the larger the region you highlight, the more points you get (and
+the faster you clear the arena).
+
+If you clear the grid you win. If you end up with nothing but
+single squares (i.e., there are no more clickable regions left) you
+lose.
+
+Removing a region causes the rest of the grid to shuffle up:
+blocks that are suspended will fall down (first), and then empty
+columns are filled from the right.
+
+Same Game was contributed to this collection by James Harvey.
+
+\H{samegame-controls} \i{Same Game controls}
+
+\IM{Same Game controls} controls, for Same Game
+\IM{Same Game controls} keys, for Same Game
+\IM{Same Game controls} shortcuts (keyboard), for Same Game
+
+This game can be played with either the keyboard or the mouse.
+
+If you left-click an unselected region, it becomes selected (possibly
+clearing the current selection).
+
+If you left-click the selected region, it will be removed (and the
+rest of the grid shuffled immediately).
+
+If you right-click the selected region, it will be unselected.
+
+The cursor keys move a cursor around the grid. Pressing the Space or
+Enter keys while the cursor is in an unselected region selects it;
+pressing Space or Enter again removes it as above.
+
+(All the actions described in \k{common-actions} are also available.)
+
+\H{samegame-parameters} \I{parameters, for Same Game}Same Game parameters
+
+These parameters are available from the \q{Custom...} option on the
+\q{Type} menu.
+
+\dt \e{Width}, \e{Height}
+
+\dd Size of grid in squares.
+
+\dt \e{No. of colours}
+
+\dd Number of different colours used to fill the grid; the more colours,
+the fewer large regions of colour and thus the more difficult it is to
+successfully clear the grid.
+
+\dt \e{Scoring system}
+
+\dd Controls the precise mechanism used for scoring. With the default
+system, \q{(n-2)^2}, only regions of three squares or more will score
+any points at all. With the alternative \q{(n-1)^2} system, regions of
+two squares score a point each, and larger regions score relatively
+more points.
+
+\dt \e{Ensure solubility}
+
+\dd If this option is ticked (the default state), generated grids
+will be guaranteed to have at least one solution.
+
+\lcont{
+
+If you turn it off, the game generator will not try to guarantee
+soluble grids; it will, however, still ensure that there are at
+least 2 squares of each colour on the grid at the start (since a
+grid with exactly one square of a given colour is \e{definitely}
+insoluble). Grids generated with this option disabled may contain
+more large areas of contiguous colour, leading to opportunities for
+higher scores; they can also take less time to generate.
+
+}
+
+
+\C{flip} \i{Flip}
+
+\cfg{winhelp-topic}{games.flip}
+
+You have a grid of squares, some light and some dark. Your aim is to
+light all the squares up at the same time. You can choose any square
+and flip its state from light to dark or dark to light, but when you
+do so, other squares around it change state as well.
+
+Each square contains a small diagram showing which other squares
+change when you flip it.
+
+\H{flip-controls} \i{Flip controls}
+
+\IM{Flip controls} controls, for Flip
+\IM{Flip controls} keys, for Flip
+\IM{Flip controls} shortcuts (keyboard), for Flip
+
+This game can be played with either the keyboard or the mouse.
+
+Left-click in a square to flip it and its associated squares, or
+use the cursor keys to choose a square and the space bar or Enter
+key to flip.
+
+If you use the \q{Solve} function on this game, it will mark some of
+the squares in red. If you click once in every square with a red
+mark, the game should be solved. (If you click in a square
+\e{without} a red mark, a red mark will appear in it to indicate
+that you will need to reverse that operation to reach the solution.)
+
+(All the actions described in \k{common-actions} are also available.)
+
+\H{flip-parameters} \I{parameters, for flip}Flip parameters
+
+These parameters are available from the \q{Custom...} option on the
+\q{Type} menu.
+
+\dt \e{Width}, \e{Height}
+
+\dd Size of grid in squares.
+
+\dt \e{Shape type}
+
+\dd This control determines the shape of the region which is flipped
+by clicking in any given square. The default setting, \q{Crosses},
+causes every square to flip itself and its four immediate neighbours
+(or three or two if it's at an edge or corner). The other setting,
+\q{Random}, causes a random shape to be chosen for every square, so
+the game is different every time.
+
+
+\C{guess} \i{Guess}
+
+\cfg{winhelp-topic}{games.guess}
+
+You have a set of coloured pegs, and have to reproduce a
+predetermined sequence of them (chosen by the computer) within a
+certain number of guesses.
+
+Each guess gets marked with the number of correctly-coloured pegs
+in the correct places (in black), and also the number of
+correctly-coloured pegs in the wrong places (in white).
+
+This game is also known (and marketed, by Hasbro, mainly) as
+a board game \q{Mastermind}, with 6 colours, 4 pegs per row, and 10 guesses.
+However, this version allows custom settings of number of colours
+(up to 10), number of pegs per row, and number of guesses.
+
+Guess was contributed to this collection by James Harvey.
+
+\H{guess-controls} \i{Guess controls}
+
+\IM{Guess controls} controls, for Guess
+\IM{Guess controls} keys, for Guess
+\IM{Guess controls} shortcuts (keyboard), for Guess
+
+This game can be played with either the keyboard or the mouse.
+
+With the mouse, drag a coloured peg from the tray on the left-hand
+side to its required position in the current guess; pegs may also be
+dragged from current and past guesses to copy them elsewhere. To
+remove a peg, drag it off its current position to somewhere invalid.
+
+Right-clicking in the current guess adds a \q{hold} marker; pegs
+that have hold markers will be automatically added to the next guess
+after marking.
+
+Alternatively, with the keyboard, the up and down cursor keys can be
+used to select a peg colour, the left and right keys to select a
+peg position, and the space bar or Enter key to place a peg of the
+selected colour in the chosen position. \q{D} or Backspace removes a
+peg, and \q{H} adds a hold marker.
+
+When the guess is complete, the smaller feedback pegs will be highlighted;
+clicking on these (or moving the peg cursor to them with the arrow keys
+and pressing the space bar or Enter key) will mark the current guess,
+copy any held pegs to the next guess, and move the \q{current guess}
+marker.
+
+If you correctly position all the pegs the solution will be displayed
+below; if you run out of guesses (or select \q{Solve...}) the solution
+will also be revealed.
+
+(All the actions described in \k{common-actions} are also available.)
+
+\H{guess-parameters} \I{parameters, for Guess}Guess parameters
+
+These parameters are available from the \q{Custom...} option on the
+\q{Type} menu. The default game matches the parameters for the
+board game \q{Mastermind}.
+
+\dt \e{Colours}
+
+\dd Number of colours the solution is chosen from; from 2 to 10
+(more is harder).
+
+\dt \e{Pegs per guess}
+
+\dd Number of pegs per guess (more is harder).
+
+\dt \e{Guesses}
+
+\dd Number of guesses you have to find the solution in (fewer is harder).
+
+\dt \e{Allow blanks}
+
+\dd Allows blank pegs to be given as part of a guess (makes it easier, because
+you know that those will never be counted as part of the solution). This
+is turned off by default.
+
+Note that this doesn't allow blank pegs in the solution; if you really wanted
+that, use one extra colour.
+
+\dt \e{Allow duplicates}
+
+\dd Allows the solution (and the guesses) to contain colours more than once;
+this increases the search space (making things harder), and is turned on by
+default.
+
+
+\C{pegs} \i{Pegs}
+
+\cfg{winhelp-topic}{games.pegs}
+
+A number of pegs are placed in holes on a board. You can remove a
+peg by jumping an adjacent peg over it (horizontally or vertically)
+to a vacant hole on the other side. Your aim is to remove all but one
+of the pegs initially present.
+
+This game, best known as \I{Solitaire, Peg}\q{Peg Solitaire}, is
+possibly one of the oldest puzzle games still commonly known.
+
+\H{pegs-controls} \i{Pegs controls}
+
+\IM{Pegs controls} controls, for Pegs
+
+To move a peg, drag it with the mouse from its current position to
+its final position. If the final position is exactly two holes away
+from the initial position, is currently unoccupied by a peg, and
+there is a peg in the intervening square, the move will be permitted
+and the intervening peg will be removed.
+
+Vacant spaces which you can move a peg into are marked with holes. A
+space with no peg and no hole is not available for moving at all: it
+is an obstacle which you must work around.
+
+(All the actions described in \k{common-actions} are also available.)
+
+\H{pegs-parameters} \I{parameters, for Pegs}Pegs parameters
+
+These parameters are available from the \q{Custom...} option on the
+\q{Type} menu.
+
+\dt \e{Width}, \e{Height}
+
+\dd Size of grid in holes.
+
+\dt \e{Board type}
+
+\dd Controls whether you are given a board of a standard shape or a
+randomly generated shape. The two standard shapes currently
+supported are \q{Cross} and \q{Octagon} (also commonly known as the
+English and European traditional board layouts respectively).
+Selecting \q{Random} will give you a different board shape every
+time (but always one that is known to have a solution).
+
+
+\C{dominosa} \i{Dominosa}
+
+\cfg{winhelp-topic}{games.dominosa}
+
+A normal set of dominoes \dash that is, one instance of every
+(unordered) pair of numbers from 0 to 6 \dash has been arranged
+irregularly into a rectangle; then the number in each square has
+been written down and the dominoes themselves removed. Your task is
+to reconstruct the pattern by arranging the set of dominoes to match
+the provided array of numbers.
+
+This puzzle is widely credited to O. S. Adler, and takes part of its
+name from those initials.
+
+\H{dominosa-controls} \i{Dominosa controls}
+
+\IM{Dominosa controls} controls, for Dominosa
+
+Left-clicking between any two adjacent numbers places a domino
+covering them, or removes one if it is already present. Trying to
+place a domino which overlaps existing dominoes will remove the ones
+it overlaps.
+
+Right-clicking between two adjacent numbers draws a line between
+them, which you can use to remind yourself that you know those two
+numbers are \e{not} covered by a single domino. Right-clicking again
+removes the line.
+
+(All the actions described in \k{common-actions} are also available.)
+
+\H{dominosa-parameters} \I{parameters, for Dominosa}Dominosa parameters
+
+These parameters are available from the \q{Custom...} option on the
+\q{Type} menu.
+
+\dt \e{Maximum number on dominoes}
+
+\dd Controls the size of the puzzle, by controlling the size of the
+set of dominoes used to make it. Dominoes with numbers going up to N
+will give rise to an (N+2) \by (N+1) rectangle; so, in particular,
+the default value of 6 gives an 8\by\.7 grid.
+
+\dt \e{Ensure unique solution}
+
+\dd Normally, Dominosa will make sure that the puzzles it presents
+have only one solution. Puzzles with ambiguous sections can be more
+difficult and sometimes more subtle, so if you like you can turn off
+this feature. Also, finding \e{all} the possible solutions can be an
+additional challenge for an advanced player. Turning off this option
+can also speed up puzzle generation.
+
+
+\C{untangle} \i{Untangle}
+
+\cfg{winhelp-topic}{games.untangle}
+
+You are given a number of points, some of which have lines drawn
+between them. You can move the points about arbitrarily; your aim is
+to position the points so that no line crosses another.
+
+I originally saw this in the form of a Flash game called \i{Planarity}
+\k{Planarity}, written by John Tantalo.
+
+\B{Planarity} \W{http://home.cwru.edu/~jnt5/Planarity}\cw{http://home.cwru.edu/~jnt5/Planarity}
+
+\H{untangle-controls} \i{Untangle controls}
+
+\IM{Untangle controls} controls, for Untangle
+
+To move a point, click on it with the left mouse button and drag it
+into a new position.
+
+(All the actions described in \k{common-actions} are also available.)
+
+\H{untangle-parameters} \I{parameters, for Untangle}Untangle parameters
+
+There is only one parameter available from the \q{Custom...} option
+on the \q{Type} menu:
+
+\dt \e{Number of points}
+
+\dd Controls the size of the puzzle, by specifying the number of
+points in the generated graph.
+
+
+\C{blackbox} \i{Black Box}
+
+\cfg{winhelp-topic}{games.blackbox}
+
+A number of balls are hidden in a rectangular arena. You have to
+deduce the positions of the balls by firing lasers from positions
+on the edge of the arena and observing how they are deflected.
+
+Lasers will fire straight until they hit the opposite side of the
+arena (at which point they emerge), unless affected by balls in one of
+the following ways:
+
+\b A laser that hits a ball head-on is absorbed and will never re-emerge.
+ This includes lasers that meet a ball on the first rank of the arena.
+
+\b A laser with a ball to its front-left square gets deflected 90 degrees
+ to the right.
+
+\b A laser with a ball to its front-right square gets similarly deflected
+ to the left.
+
+\b A laser that would re-emerge from the entry location is considered to be
+ \q{reflected}.
+
+\b A laser which would get deflected before entering the arena (down the
+ \q{firing range}) by a ball to the front-left or front-right of its
+ entry point is also considered to be \q{reflected}.
+
+Lasers that are reflected appear as a \q{R}; lasers that hit balls
+dead-on appear as \q{H}. Otherwise, a number appears at the firing point
+and the location where the laser emerges (this number is unique to
+that shot).
+
+You can place guesses as to the location of the balls, based on the
+entry and exit patterns of the lasers; once you have placed enough
+balls a button appears enabling you to have your guesses checked.
+
+Here is a diagram showing how the positions of balls can create each
+of the laser behaviours shown above:
+
+\c 1RHR----
+\c |..O.O...|
+\c 2........3
+\c |........|
+\c |........|
+\c 3........|
+\c |......O.|
+\c H........|
+\c |.....O..|
+\c 12-RH---
+
+As shown, it is possible for a ball to receive multiple reflections
+before re-emerging (see turn 3). Similarly, a ball may be reflected
+(possibly more than once) before receiving a hit (the \q{H} on the
+left side of the example).
+
+Note that any layout with more that 4 balls may have a non-unique
+solution. The following diagram illustrates this; if you know the
+board contains 5 balls, it is impossible to determine where the fifth
+ball is (possible positions marked with an x):
+
+\c --------
+\c |........|
+\c |........|
+\c |..O..O..|
+\c |...xx...|
+\c |...xx...|
+\c |..O..O..|
+\c |........|
+\c |........|
+\c --------
+
+For this reason when you have your guesses checked the game will
+check that your solution \e{produces the same results} as the
+computer's, rather than that your solution is identical to the
+computer's. So in the above example, you could put the fifth ball at
+\e{any} of the locations marked with an x, and you would still win.
+
+Black Box was contributed to this collection by James Harvey.
+
+\H{blackbox-controls} \i{Black Box controls}
+
+\IM{Black Box controls}controls, for Black Box
+
+To fire a laser, left-click in a square around the side of the arena.
+The results will be displayed immediately. Lasers may not be fired
+twice (because the results will never change). Holding down the left
+button will highlight the current go (or a previous go) to confirm the
+exit point for that laser, if applicable.
+
+To guess the location of a ball, left-click within the arena and a
+black circle will appear marking the guess; to remove the guessed ball
+click again.
+
+Locations in the arena may be locked against modification by
+right-clicking; whole rows and columns may be similarly locked by
+right-clicking in the laser firing range above/below that column, or
+to the left/right of that row.
+
+When an appropriate number of balls have been guessed a button will
+appear at the top-left corner of the grid; clicking that will mark
+your guesses.
+
+If you click the \q{mark} button and your guesses are not correct,
+the game will show you as little information as possible to
+demonstrate this to you, so you can try again. If your ball
+positions are not consistent with the laser paths you already know
+about, one laser path will be circled to indicate that it proves you
+wrong. If your positions match all the existing laser paths but are
+still wrong, one new laser path will be revealed (written in red)
+which is not consistent with your current guesses.
+
+If you decide to give up completely, you can select Solve to reveal
+the actual ball positions. At this point, correctly-placed balls
+will be displayed as filled black circles; incorrectly-placed balls
+are displayed as filled black circles with red crosses, and missing
+balls are filled red circles. In addition, a red circle marks any
+laser you had already fired which is not consistent with your ball
+layout (just as when you press the mark button), and red text marks
+any laser you \e{could} have fired in order to distinguish your ball
+layout from the right one.
+
+(All the actions described in \k{common-actions} are also available.)
+
+\H{blackbox-parameters} \I{parameters, for Black Box}Black Box parameters
+
+These parameters are available from the \q{Custom...} option on the
+\q{Type} menu.
+
+\dt \e{Width}, \e{Height}
+
+\dd Size of grid in squares. There are 2 \by \e{Width} \by \e{Height} lasers
+per grid, two per row and two per column.
+
+\dt \e{No. of balls}
+
+\dd Number of balls to place in the grid. This can be a single number,
+or a range (separated with a hyphen, like \q{2-6}), and determines the
+number of balls to place on the grid. The \q{reveal} button is only
+enabled if you have guessed an appropriate number of balls; a guess
+using a different number to the original solution is still acceptable,
+if all the laser inputs and outputs match.
+
+
+\C{slant} \i{Slant}
+
+\cfg{winhelp-topic}{games.slant}
+
+You have a grid of squares. Your aim is to draw a diagonal line
+through each square, and choose which way each line slants so that
+the following conditions are met:
+
+\b The diagonal lines never form a loop.
+
+\b Any point with a circled number has precisely that many lines
+meeting at it. (Thus, a 4 is the centre of a cross shape, whereas a
+zero is the centre of a diamond shape \dash or rather, a partial
+diamond shape, because a zero can never appear in the middle of the
+grid because that would immediately cause a loop.)
+
+Credit for this puzzle goes to \i{Nikoli} \k{nikoli-slant}.
+
+\B{nikoli-slant}
+\W{http://www.nikoli.co.jp/puzzles/39/index.htm}\cw{http://www.nikoli.co.jp/puzzles/39/index.htm}
+(in Japanese)
+
+\H{slant-controls} \i{Slant controls}
+
+\IM{Slant controls} controls, for Slant
+
+Left-clicking in a blank square will place a \cw{\\} in it (a line
+leaning to the left, i.e. running from the top left of the square to
+the bottom right). Right-clicking in a blank square will place a
+\cw{/} in it (leaning to the right, running from top right to bottom
+left).
+
+Continuing to click either button will cycle between the three
+possible square contents. Thus, if you left-click repeatedly in a
+blank square it will change from blank to \cw{\\} to \cw{/} back to
+blank, and if you right-click repeatedly the square will change from
+blank to \cw{/} to \cw{\\} back to blank. (Therefore, you can play
+the game entirely with one button if you need to.)
+
+(All the actions described in \k{common-actions} are also available.)
+
+\H{slant-parameters} \I{parameters, for Slant}Slant parameters
+
+These parameters are available from the \q{Custom...} option on the
+\q{Type} menu.
+
+\dt \e{Width}, \e{Height}
+
+\dd Size of grid in squares.
+
+\dt \e{Difficulty}
+
+\dd Controls the difficulty of the generated puzzle. At Hard level,
+you are required to do deductions based on knowledge of
+\e{relationships} between squares rather than always being able to
+deduce the exact contents of one square at a time. (For example, you
+might know that two squares slant in the same direction, even if you
+don't yet know what that direction is, and this might enable you to
+deduce something about still other squares.) Even at Hard level,
+guesswork and backtracking should never be necessary.
+
+
+\C{lightup} \i{Light Up}
+
+\cfg{winhelp-topic}{games.lightup}
+
+You have a grid of squares. Some are filled in black; some of the
+black squares are numbered. Your aim is to \q{light up} all the
+empty squares by placing light bulbs in some of them.
+
+Each light bulb illuminates the square it is on, plus all squares in
+line with it horizontally or vertically unless a black square is
+blocking the way.
+
+To win the game, you must satisfy the following conditions:
+
+\b All non-black squares are lit.
+
+\b No light is lit by another light.
+
+\b All numbered black squares have exactly that number of lights adjacent to
+ them (in the four squares above, below, and to the side).
+
+Non-numbered black squares may have any number of lights adjacent to them.
+
+Credit for this puzzle goes to \i{Nikoli} \k{nikoli-lightup}.
+
+Light Up was contributed to this collection by James Harvey.
+
+\B{nikoli-lightup}
+\W{http://www.nikoli.co.jp/puzzles/32/index-e.htm}\cw{http://www.nikoli.co.jp/puzzles/32/index-e.htm}
+(beware of Flash)
+
+\H{lightup-controls} \i{Light Up controls}
+
+\IM{Light Up controls} controls, for Light Up
+
+Left-clicking in a non-black square will toggle the presence of a light
+in that square. Right-clicking in a non-black square toggles a mark there to aid
+solving; it can be used to highlight squares that cannot be lit, for example.
+
+You may not place a light in a marked square, nor place a mark in a lit square.
+
+The game will highlight obvious errors in red. Lights lit by other
+lights are highlighted in this way, as are numbered squares which
+do not (or cannot) have the right number of lights next to them.
+
+Thus, the grid is solved when all non-black squares have yellow
+highlights and there are no red lights.
+
+(All the actions described in \k{common-actions} are also available.)
+
+\H{lightup-parameters} \I{parameters, for Light Up}Light Up parameters
+
+These parameters are available from the \q{Custom...} option on the
+\q{Type} menu.
+
+\dt \e{Width}, \e{Height}
+
+\dd Size of grid in squares.
+
+\dt \e{%age of black squares}
+
+\dd Rough percentage of black squares in the grid.
+
+\lcont{
+
+This is a hint rather than an instruction. If the grid generator is
+unable to generate a puzzle to this precise specification, it will
+increase the proportion of black squares until it can.
+
+}
+
+\dt \e{Symmetry}
+
+\dd Allows you to specify the required symmetry of the black squares
+in the grid. (This does not affect the difficulty of the puzzles
+noticeably.)
+
+\dt \e{Difficulty}
+
+\dd \q{Easy} means that the puzzles should be soluble without
+backtracking or guessing, \q{Hard} means that some guesses will
+probably be necessary.
+
+
+\C{map} \i{Map}
+
+\cfg{winhelp-topic}{games.map}
+
+You are given a map consisting of a number of regions. Your task is
+to colour each region with one of four colours, in such a way that
+no two regions sharing a boundary have the same colour. You are
+provided with some regions already coloured, sufficient to make the
+remainder of the solution unique.
+
+Only regions which share a length of border are required to be
+different colours. Two regions which meet at only one \e{point}
+(i.e. are diagonally separated) may be the same colour.
+
+I believe this puzzle is original; I've never seen an implementation
+of it anywhere else. The concept of a four-colouring puzzle was
+suggested by Owen Dunn; credit must also go to Nikoli and to Verity
+Allan for inspiring the train of thought that led to me realising
+Owen's suggestion was a viable puzzle. Thanks also to Gareth Taylor
+for many detailed suggestions.
+
+\H{map-controls} \i{Map controls}
+
+\IM{Map controls} controls, for Map
+
+To colour a region, click the left mouse button on an existing
+region of the desired colour and drag that colour into the new
+region.
+
+(The program will always ensure the starting puzzle has at least one
+region of each colour, so that this is always possible!)
+
+If you need to clear a region, you can drag from an empty region, or
+from the puzzle boundary if there are no empty regions left.
+
+Dragging a colour using the \e{right} mouse button will stipple the
+region in that colour, which you can use as a note to yourself that
+you think the region \e{might} be that colour. A region can contain
+stipples in multiple colours at once. (This is often useful at the
+harder difficulty levels.)
+
+If you press L during play, the game will toggle display of a number
+in each region of the map. This is useful if you want to discuss a
+particular puzzle instance with a friend \dash having an unambiguous
+name for each region is much easier than trying to refer to them all
+by names such as \q{the one down and right of the brown one on the
+top border}.
+
+(All the actions described in \k{common-actions} are also available.)
+
+\H{map-parameters} \I{parameters, for Map}Map parameters
+
+These parameters are available from the \q{Custom...} option on the
+\q{Type} menu.
+
+\dt \e{Width}, \e{Height}
+
+\dd Size of grid in squares.
+
+\dt \e{Regions}
+
+\dd Number of regions in the generated map.
+
+\dt \e{Difficulty}
+
+\dd In \q{Easy} mode, there should always be at least one region
+whose colour can be determined trivially. In \q{Normal} and \q{Hard}
+modes, you will have to use increasingly complex logic to deduce the
+colour of some regions. However, it will always be possible without
+having to guess or backtrack.
+
+\lcont{
+
+In \q{Unreasonable} mode, the program will feel free to generate
+puzzles which are as hard as it can possibly make them: the only
+constraint is that they should still have a unique solution. Solving
+Unreasonable puzzles may require guessing and backtracking.
+
+}
+
+
+\C{loopy} \i{Loopy}
+
+\cfg{winhelp-topic}{games.loopy}
+
+You are given a grid of dots. Your aim is to draw a single unbroken
+loop from dot to dot within the grid.
+
+Some of the square spaces between the dots contain numbers. These
+numbers indicate how many of the four edges of that square are part
+of the loop. The loop you draw must correctly satisfy all of these
+clues to be considered a correct solution.
+
+Credit for this puzzle goes to \i{Nikoli} \k{nikoli-loopy}.
+
+Loopy was contributed to this collection by Mike Pinna.
+
+\B{nikoli-loopy}
+\W{http://www.nikoli.co.jp/puzzles/3/index-e.htm}\cw{http://www.nikoli.co.jp/puzzles/3/index-e.htm}
+(beware of Flash)
+
+\H{loopy-controls} \i{Loopy controls}
+
+\IM{Loopy controls} controls, for Loopy
+
+Click the left mouse button between two dots to add a line segment
+connecting them. Click again to remove that line segment.
+
+If you are sure that a particular line segment is \e{not} part of
+the loop, you can click the right mouse button to add a small cross
+indicating this. Click again to remove the cross.
+
+(All the actions described in \k{common-actions} are also available.)
+
+\H{loopy-parameters} \I{parameters, for Loopy}Loopy parameters
+
+These parameters are available from the \q{Custom...} option on the
+\q{Type} menu.
+
+\dt \e{Width}, \e{Height}
+
+\dd Size of grid in squares.
+
+\dt \e{Recursion depth}
+
+\dd Determines how much guesswork and backtracking you will need to
+do to solve the puzzle. When this is set to zero (as it is for all
+of the \q{Easy} options in the menu), you should always be able to
+deduce the state of an edge without having to guess. If you increase
+it, you will have to guess more and more.
+
+\lcont{
+
+Setting a high value for this option is liable to consume a lot of
+CPU time and memory. Be warned!
+
+}
+
+
+\C{inertia} \i{Inertia}
+
+\cfg{winhelp-topic}{games.inertia}
+
+You are a small green ball sitting in a grid full of obstacles. Your
+aim is to collect all the gems without running into any mines.
+
+You can move the ball in any orthogonal \e{or diagonal} direction.
+Once the ball starts moving, it will continue until something stops
+it. A wall directly in its path will stop it (but if it is moving
+diagonally, it will move through a diagonal gap between two other
+walls without stopping). Also, some of the squares are \q{stops};
+when the ball moves on to a stop, it will stop moving no matter what
+direction it was going in. Gems do \e{not} stop the ball; it picks
+them up and keeps on going.
+
+Running into a mine is fatal. Even if you picked up the last gem in
+the same move which then hit a mine, the game will count you as dead
+rather than victorious.
+
+This game was originally implemented for Windows by Ben Olmstead
+\k{bem}, who was kind enough to release his source code on request
+so that it could be re-implemented for this collection.
+
+\B{bem} \W{http://xn13.com/}\cw{http://xn13.com/}
+
+\H{inertia-controls} \i{Inertia controls}
+
+\IM{Inertia controls} controls, for Inertia
+\IM{Inertia controls} keys, for Inertia
+\IM{Inertia controls} shortcuts (keyboard), for Inertia
+
+You can move the ball in any of the eight directions using the
+numeric keypad. Alternatively, if you click the left mouse button on
+the grid, the ball will begin a move in the general direction of
+where you clicked.
+
+All the actions described in \k{common-actions} are also available.
+In particular, if you do run into a mine and die, you can use the
+Undo function and resume playing from before the fatal move. The
+game will keep track of the number of times you have done this.
+
+\H{inertia-parameters} \I{parameters, for Inertia}Inertia parameters
+
+These parameters are available from the \q{Custom...} option on the
+\q{Type} menu.
+
+\dt \e{Width}, \e{Height}
+
+\dd Size of grid in squares.
\A{licence} \I{MIT licence}\ii{Licence}
This software is \i{copyright} 2004-2005 Simon Tatham.
-Portions copyright Richard Boulton.
+Portions copyright Richard Boulton, James Harvey and Mike Pinna.
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files
~mdw / sgt / puzzles / blobdiff