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1 | <HTML> |
2 | <HEAD><TITLE> | |
3 | Mup Parameters | |
4 | </TITLE></HEAD> | |
5 | <BODY> | |
6 | <P> | |
7 | <A HREF="fontfile.html"><-- previous page</A> | |
8 | ||
9 | <A HREF="index.html">Table of Contents</A> <A HREF="debug.html">next page --></A> | |
10 | </P> | |
11 | ||
12 | <H1> | |
13 | PARAMETERS | |
14 | </H1> | |
15 | <P> | |
16 | Parameters can be set in various contexts. All parameters | |
17 | have default values, so that you need to explicitly set them only if you | |
18 | want some value other than the default value. | |
19 | </P> | |
20 | <P> | |
21 | Some parameters can be set only in the score context. Others can be set in | |
22 | either score or staff contexts. A few can be set in score, staff, or voice | |
23 | context. If a given parameter can be set in several | |
24 | <A HREF="contexts.html">contexts,</A> | |
25 | the value is that of the parameter at the | |
26 | most specific context in which it is set. For example, if Mup is working | |
27 | on musical data for voice 2 of staff 5, and it needs to | |
28 | look up the value of a parameter, it will first see if that parameter has | |
29 | been set in context "voice 5 2". | |
30 | If so, it will use that value. If not, | |
31 | it will see if the parameter was set in context "staff 5". If that has not | |
32 | been set either, it will use the value from the score context. The score | |
33 | context initially has all parameters set to their default values. | |
34 | There are a few parameters, mostly related to font and text size, | |
35 | that can also be set in | |
36 | <A HREF="headfoot.html">header, footer, and similiar contexts.</A> | |
37 | </P> | |
38 | <P> | |
39 | Parameters are set by the following syntax: | |
40 | <BR><PRE> | |
41 | <I>parameter_name</I><B>=</B><I>value</I> | |
42 | </PRE><BR> | |
43 | </P> | |
44 | <P> | |
45 | Several parameters can be set on a single line by separating them with | |
46 | a semicolon. For example: | |
47 | <BR><PRE> | |
48 | staffs=2 ; key=2& ; time=2/4 | |
49 | </PRE><BR> | |
50 | </P> | |
51 | <P> | |
52 | Parameters can be unset in staff or voice context using | |
53 | <BR><PRE> | |
54 | <B>unset</B><I> parameter_name</I> | |
55 | </PRE><BR> | |
56 | Unsetting a parameter in staff context will cause it | |
57 | to revert to its value in score context (unless overridden in voice context). | |
58 | Unsetting a parameter in voice context will cause it | |
59 | to revert to its value in staff context if that is set, | |
60 | otherwise to its value in score context. | |
61 | </P> | |
62 | <P> | |
63 | The parameters are listed below in alphabetical order. For each, | |
64 | the description includes the parameter's name, | |
65 | legal values, default value, and contexts in which the parameter can be | |
66 | set, along with an example of its usage. | |
67 | If there are other related parameters, they are referenced as well. | |
68 | </P> | |
69 | <H2>Index of parameters</H2> | |
70 | <A HREF="param.html#indexA">A</A> <A HREF="param.html#indexB">B</A> <A HREF="param.html#indexC">C</A> <A HREF="param.html#indexD">D</A> <A HREF="param.html#indexE">E</A> <A HREF="param.html#indexF">F</A> <A HREF="param.html#indexG">G</A> <A HREF="param.html#indexK">K</A> <A HREF="param.html#indexL">L</A> <A HREF="param.html#indexM">M</A> <A HREF="param.html#indexN">N</A> <A HREF="param.html#indexO">O</A> <A HREF="param.html#indexP">P</A> <A HREF="param.html#indexR">R</A> <A HREF="param.html#indexS">S</A> <A HREF="param.html#indexT">T</A> <A HREF="param.html#indexU">U</A> <A HREF="param.html#indexV">V</A> <A HREF="param.html#indexW">W</A> <H3><A NAME="indexA">A</A></H3><BR> | |
71 | <A HREF="param.html#aboveord">aboveorder</A><BR> | |
72 | <A HREF="param.html#addxpose">addtranspose</A><BR> | |
73 | <H3><A NAME="indexB">B</A></H3><BR> | |
74 | <A HREF="param.html#barstyle">barstyle</A><BR> | |
75 | <A HREF="param.html#beamslp">beamslope</A><BR> | |
76 | <A HREF="param.html#beamstyl">beamstyle</A><BR> | |
77 | <A HREF="param.html#beloword">beloworder</A><BR> | |
78 | <A HREF="param.html#betwnord">betweenorder</A><BR> | |
79 | <A HREF="param.html#botmar">bottommargin</A><BR> | |
80 | <A HREF="param.html#brace">brace</A><BR> | |
81 | <A HREF="param.html#bracket">bracket</A><BR> | |
82 | <H3><A NAME="indexC">C</A></H3><BR> | |
83 | <A HREF="param.html#canclkey">cancelkey</A><BR> | |
84 | <A HREF="param.html#chdist">chorddist</A><BR> | |
85 | <A HREF="param.html#clef">clef</A><BR> | |
86 | <A HREF="param.html#cresdist">crescdist</A><BR> | |
87 | <H3><A NAME="indexD">D</A></H3><BR> | |
88 | <A HREF="param.html#defoct">defoct</A><BR> | |
89 | <A HREF="param.html#dist">dist</A><BR> | |
90 | <A HREF="param.html#division">division</A><BR> | |
91 | <A HREF="param.html#dyndist">dyndist</A><BR> | |
92 | <H3><A NAME="indexE">E</A></H3><BR> | |
93 | <A HREF="param.html#endingst">endingstyle</A><BR> | |
94 | <H3><A NAME="indexF">F</A></H3><BR> | |
95 | <A HREF="param.html#firstpg">firstpage</A><BR> | |
96 | <A HREF="param.html#font">font</A><BR> | |
97 | <A HREF="param.html#fontfam">fontfamily</A><BR> | |
98 | <H3><A NAME="indexG">G</A></H3><BR> | |
99 | <A HREF="param.html#gridfret">gridfret</A><BR> | |
100 | <A HREF="param.html#gridend">gridsatend</A><BR> | |
101 | <A HREF="param.html#gridscl">gridscale</A><BR> | |
102 | <A HREF="param.html#gridused">gridswhereused</A><BR> | |
103 | <H3><A NAME="indexK">K</A></H3><BR> | |
104 | <A HREF="param.html#key">key</A><BR> | |
105 | <H3><A NAME="indexL">L</A></H3><BR> | |
106 | <A HREF="param.html#label">label</A><BR> | |
107 | <A HREF="param.html#label2">label2</A><BR> | |
108 | <A HREF="param.html#leftmar">leftmargin</A><BR> | |
109 | <A HREF="param.html#lyralign">lyricsalign</A><BR> | |
110 | <A HREF="param.html#lyrfont">lyricsfont</A><BR> | |
111 | <A HREF="param.html#lyrfam">lyricsfontfamily</A><BR> | |
112 | <A HREF="param.html#lyrsize">lyricssize</A><BR> | |
113 | <H3><A NAME="indexM">M</A></H3><BR> | |
114 | <A HREF="param.html#measnum">measnum</A><BR> | |
115 | <A HREF="param.html#mnumfont">measnumfont</A><BR> | |
116 | <A HREF="param.html#mnumfam">measnumfontfamily</A><BR> | |
117 | <A HREF="param.html#mnumsize">measnumsize</A><BR> | |
118 | <H3><A NAME="indexN">N</A></H3><BR> | |
119 | <A HREF="param.html#notehead">noteheads</A><BR> | |
120 | <A HREF="param.html#nummrpt">numbermrpt</A><BR> | |
121 | <H3><A NAME="indexO">O</A></H3><BR> | |
122 | <A HREF="param.html#ontheline">ontheline</A><BR> | |
123 | <H3><A NAME="indexP">P</A></H3><BR> | |
124 | <A HREF="param.html#packexp">packexp</A><BR> | |
125 | <A HREF="param.html#packfact">packfact</A><BR> | |
126 | <A HREF="param.html#pad">pad</A><BR> | |
127 | <A HREF="param.html#pgheight">pageheight</A><BR> | |
128 | <A HREF="param.html#pgsize">pagesize</A><BR> | |
129 | <A HREF="param.html#pgwidth">pagewidth</A><BR> | |
130 | <A HREF="param.html#panels">panelsperpage</A><BR> | |
131 | <A HREF="param.html#pedstyle">pedstyle</A><BR> | |
132 | <A HREF="param.html#prmultn">printmultnum</A><BR> | |
133 | <H3><A NAME="indexR">R</A></H3><BR> | |
134 | <A HREF="param.html#rehstyle">rehstyle</A><BR> | |
135 | <A HREF="param.html#release">release</A><BR> | |
136 | <A HREF="param.html#restcomb">restcombine</A><BR> | |
137 | <A HREF="param.html#restsymm">restsymmult</A><BR> | |
138 | <A HREF="param.html#rightmar">rightmargin</A><BR> | |
139 | <H3><A NAME="indexS">S</A></H3><BR> | |
140 | <A HREF="param.html#scale">scale</A><BR> | |
141 | <A HREF="param.html#scorepad">scorepad</A><BR> | |
142 | <A HREF="param.html#scoresep">scoresep</A><BR> | |
143 | <A HREF="param.html#size">size</A><BR> | |
144 | <A HREF="param.html#stlines">stafflines</A><BR> | |
145 | <A HREF="param.html#staffpad">staffpad</A><BR> | |
146 | <A HREF="param.html#staffs">staffs</A><BR> | |
147 | <A HREF="param.html#stscale">staffscale</A><BR> | |
148 | <A HREF="param.html#staffsep">staffsep</A><BR> | |
149 | <A HREF="param.html#stemlen">stemlen</A><BR> | |
150 | <A HREF="param.html#sshorten">stemshorten</A><BR> | |
151 | <A HREF="param.html#swing">swingunit</A><BR> | |
152 | <A HREF="param.html#sylpos">sylposition</A><BR> | |
153 | <H3><A NAME="indexT">T</A></H3><BR> | |
154 | <A HREF="param.html#tabwhite">tabwhitebox</A><BR> | |
155 | <A HREF="param.html#time">time</A><BR> | |
156 | <A HREF="param.html#timeunit">timeunit</A><BR> | |
157 | <A HREF="param.html#topmar">topmargin</A><BR> | |
158 | <A HREF="param.html#xpose">transpose</A><BR> | |
159 | <H3><A NAME="indexU">U</A></H3><BR> | |
160 | <A HREF="param.html#units">units</A><BR> | |
161 | <H3><A NAME="indexV">V</A></H3><BR> | |
162 | <A HREF="param.html#vcombine">vcombine</A><BR> | |
163 | <A HREF="param.html#visible">visible</A><BR> | |
164 | <A HREF="param.html#vscheme">vscheme</A><BR> | |
165 | <H3><A NAME="indexW">W</A></H3><BR> | |
166 | <A HREF="param.html#warn">warn</A><BR> | |
167 | ||
168 | <HR> | |
169 | <H2> | |
170 | <A NAME="aboveord">aboveorder</A> | |
171 | </H2><P> | |
172 | specify in what order to stack items that are printed above a staff. | |
173 | The value is a comma-separated list of all the types of things that | |
174 | can be printed above a staff. Items are stacked in the order listed, | |
175 | starting from just above the staff and working upward. | |
176 | If you want several types to be handled as a single | |
177 | category, with all types in the category | |
178 | having the same stacking priority, separate | |
179 | them with an ampersand rather than a comma. The ampersand cannot | |
180 | be used with lyrics, ending, or reh. The dyn category applies to | |
181 | crescendo and decrescendo marks (from "<" and ">" statements) | |
182 | as well as text with the dyn modifier. | |
183 | The chord category applies to text with chord, analysis, or figbass | |
184 | modifiers. The othertext category applies to rom, bold, ital, and | |
185 | boldital items that do not have a chord, analysis, figbass, or dyn modifier. | |
186 | If you omit any categories, they will be stacked last, in their default order. | |
187 | </P> | |
188 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
189 | <A HREF="mussym.html">mussym,</A> | |
190 | <A HREF="octave.html">octave,</A> | |
191 | <A HREF="textmark.html#chordmod">dyn, othertext, chord,</A> | |
192 | <A HREF="lyrics.html">lyrics,</A> | |
193 | <A HREF="bars.html#endings">ending,</A> | |
194 | <A HREF="bars.html#reh">reh</A> | |
195 | </P> | |
196 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
197 | mussym, octave, dyn & othertext & chord, lyrics, ending, reh | |
198 | </P> | |
199 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
200 | score, staff | |
201 | </P> | |
202 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
203 | aboveorder = mussym, lyrics, dyn, octave, othertext, chord, ending, reh | |
204 | </P> | |
205 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
206 | <A HREF="param.html#beloword">beloworder,</A> | |
207 | <A HREF="param.html#betwnord">betweenorder,</A> | |
208 | <A HREF="param.html#chdist">chorddist,</A> | |
209 | <A HREF="param.html#dist">dist,</A> | |
210 | <A HREF="param.html#dyndist">dyndist</A> | |
211 | </P> | |
212 | <HR> | |
213 | <H2> | |
214 | <A NAME="addxpose">addtranspose</A> | |
215 | </H2><P> | |
216 | specify by what additional interval to transpose the music data. | |
217 | There is another parameter called just | |
218 | <A HREF="param.html#xpose">transpose.</A> | |
219 | Typically you would use the transpose parameter to change the key of | |
220 | individual staffs (for transposing instruments), and then use the | |
221 | addtranspose parameter if you want to change the key of the entire score. | |
222 | But either of these parameters can be used either way. | |
223 | In any case, for each staff, and for the score, the values of | |
224 | transpose and addtranspose are "added" to find the transposition | |
225 | for that staff or score. | |
226 | The interval can be | |
227 | larger than an octave, but must be a valid interval (e.g., there is no | |
228 | such thing as a perfect 6th). It is an error to specify a transposition value | |
229 | which would result in a key signature with more than 7 flats or sharps. | |
230 | It is also an error if transposition would result in a note requiring a | |
231 | triple sharp or triple flat. | |
232 | </P> | |
233 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
234 | the word "up" or "down," followed by an interval and a whole number greater than 0. | |
235 | The interval is one of major, minor, augmented, diminished, or perfect. | |
236 | The intervals can be abbreviated to their first 3 letters (maj, | |
237 | min, aug, dim, or per). | |
238 | The | |
239 | <A HREF="trnspose.html">section on transposition</A> | |
240 | lists transposition intervals and gives further details. | |
241 | Depending on which key signature you are | |
242 | transposing from, some transposition intervals may not work because they | |
243 | result in more than 7 flats or sharps. | |
244 | </P> | |
245 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
246 | up perfect 1 (i.e., no transposition) | |
247 | </P> | |
248 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
249 | score, staff | |
250 | </P> | |
251 | <P><B>Examples:</B><BR> | |
252 | addtranspose = down major 3 | |
253 | <BR> | |
254 | addtranspose = up perfect 5 | |
255 | </P> | |
256 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
257 | <A HREF="param.html#key">key,</A> | |
258 | <A HREF="param.html#xpose">transpose</A> | |
259 | </P> | |
260 | <HR> | |
261 | <H2> | |
262 | <A NAME="barstyle">barstyle</A> | |
263 | </H2><P> | |
264 | specifies which staffs are to have their bar lines connected together. | |
265 | When drawing bar lines, a continuous vertical line will be drawn from | |
266 | the top line of the top staff in a range to the bottom line of the bottom | |
267 | staff of the range. | |
268 | Any staff not listed will be barred by itself, with the bar line spanning | |
269 | only the height of the staff. | |
270 | </P> | |
271 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
272 | a comma-separated list of staff numbers and/or ranges of staff numbers. | |
273 | Staff numbers can be from 1 to the value of the | |
274 | <A HREF="param.html#staffs">"staffs" parameter.</A> | |
275 | A range is a pair of numbers separated by a dash. | |
276 | A given staff number can be specified only once, | |
277 | and there can be no overlapping between ranges. | |
278 | </P> | |
279 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
280 | each visible staff barred individually | |
281 | </P> | |
282 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
283 | score | |
284 | </P> | |
285 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
286 | barstyle = 1-2, 5-8 | |
287 | </P> | |
288 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
289 | <A HREF="param.html#staffs">staffs,</A> | |
290 | <A HREF="param.html#visible">visible</A> | |
291 | </P> | |
292 | <HR> | |
293 | <H2> | |
294 | <A NAME="beamslp">beamslope</A> | |
295 | </H2><P> | |
296 | allows you to control the slope of beams. | |
297 | Two values must be given, separated by a comma. | |
298 | Mup calculates an appropriate slope for beams by applying a linear | |
299 | regression algorithm that uses the positions of the note heads within | |
300 | the beam. The first value supplied for the beamslope parameter | |
301 | is a factor by which to multiply the default slope that Mup calculates. | |
302 | The minimum value of 0.0 would cause all beams to be horizontal, | |
303 | whereas the maximum value of 1.0 will use the slope Mup calculates. | |
304 | Intermediate values will yield beams that are less slanted than the | |
305 | default slope calculation. The second value given to the beamslope parameter | |
306 | is the maximum angle for the beam, in degrees. | |
307 | If the originally calculated value multiplied by the | |
308 | factor yields an angle of greater than this maximum angle, | |
309 | the maximum angle will be used. | |
310 | <A HREF="ichdattr.html#crossbm">Cross-staff beams that are between staffs</A> | |
311 | are allowed to have a slope up to 1.4 times the value | |
312 | of the slope of the maximum angle, since they face more constraints. | |
313 | The slope can be overridden on a particular beam by specifying a | |
314 | <A HREF="ichdattr.html#slope">slope as an interchord attribute</A> | |
315 | on the first chord of the beamed set. | |
316 | </P> | |
317 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
318 | 0.0 to 1.0 for the factor, and 0.0 to 45.0 for the maximum angle | |
319 | </P> | |
320 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
321 | 1.0, 20.0 | |
322 | </P> | |
323 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
324 | score, staff, voice | |
325 | </P> | |
326 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
327 | beamslope=0.8,20 | |
328 | </P> | |
329 | <HR> | |
330 | <H2> | |
331 | <A NAME="beamstyl">beamstyle</A> | |
332 | </H2><P> | |
333 | specifies how to beam eighth notes or shorter. It is specified | |
334 | as a list of time values. Any number of notes up to each time value | |
335 | will be beamed together. For example, in 4/4 time, with beamstyle=4,4,4,4 | |
336 | each quarter note worth of shorter notes would be beamed together. | |
337 | However, beams would not span across beats. As another example, for an input | |
338 | of 4.; 8; 8; 4.; the two eighth notes | |
339 | would not be beamed together, because they span beats. If beamstyle | |
340 | had been specified as 4,2,4 then the eighth notes would be beamed. | |
341 | Normally, beams also end whenever a rest or space is encountered. | |
342 | However, if an "r" is placed at the end of the list of time values, | |
343 | Mup will beams across rests of less than quarter note duration. | |
344 | Similarly, if an "s" is placed at the end of the list, | |
345 | Mup will beam across spaces of less than quarter note duration. | |
346 | You can specify both r and s in either order. | |
347 | It is possible to specify subbeams, or secondary groupings within a beam, | |
348 | by enclosing a list of time values in parentheses. In this case, | |
349 | the outer beam extends for the sum of the values in the parentheses, | |
350 | while inner beams extend only for the individual values within the parentheses. | |
351 | For example, if you set | |
352 | beamstyle=(4,4),(4,4) and then have a measure that consists of all 16th notes, | |
353 | the first 8 notes would be connected by an outer beam, as would the last 8 | |
354 | notes, but the second (inner) beams would cover only 4 notes each. | |
355 | The parentheses cannot be nested. | |
356 | It is possible to override this default beaming style within a specific | |
357 | measure. See the section on | |
358 | <A HREF="ichdattr.html#custbeam">Custom Beaming</A> | |
359 | for examples of how to obtain various kinds of beaming. | |
360 | The value of the beamstyle parameter is remembered for | |
361 | any later changes back to the same time signature. | |
362 | In other words, if you set the value of the | |
363 | <A HREF="param.html#time">time parameter</A> | |
364 | and the beamstyle parameter in the same context, then later set only | |
365 | the time, the beamstyle that you had set earlier | |
366 | will be used again. | |
367 | </P> | |
368 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
369 | a comma-separated list of time values that add up to a measure. Time values | |
370 | are specified as 4 for a quarter note, 2 for half note, etc, and | |
371 | can be dotted if necessary, or an expression with added and/or subtracted | |
372 | times. The list can optionally be followed by an "r" | |
373 | to indicate beams should span rests. | |
374 | It can optionally be followed by "s" to indicate beams should span spaces. | |
375 | Two or more of the time values may be enclosed in parentheses, to indicate | |
376 | sub-groupings of inner (secondary) beams within outer (primary) beams. | |
377 | If the value is empty, automatic beaming is turned off. | |
378 | </P> | |
379 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
380 | no beams; each note of eighth or shorter duration is individually flagged. | |
381 | </P> | |
382 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
383 | score, staff, and voice | |
384 | </P> | |
385 | <P><B>Examples:</B><BR> | |
386 | beamstyle = 4,4,4,4 | |
387 | <BR> | |
388 | beamstyle = 2. | |
389 | <BR> | |
390 | beamstyle=4+16, 4+16 | |
391 | <BR> | |
392 | beamstyle = 2, 2 rs // beam across rests and spaces | |
393 | <BR> | |
394 | beamstyle = (4., 4., 4.) // one outer beam per measure, | |
395 | <BR> | |
396 | // with inner beams broken at each dotted quarter duration | |
397 | <BR> | |
398 | beamstyle = // turn off beaming | |
399 | </P> | |
400 | <HR> | |
401 | <H2> | |
402 | <A NAME="beloword">beloworder</A> | |
403 | </H2><P> | |
404 | specify in what order to stack items that are printed below a staff. | |
405 | The value is a comma-separated list of all the types of things that | |
406 | can be printed below a staff. Items are stacked in the order listed, | |
407 | starting from just below the staff and working downward. | |
408 | If you want several types to be handled as a single | |
409 | category, with all types in the category | |
410 | having the same stacking priority, separate | |
411 | them with an ampersand rather than a comma. The ampersand cannot | |
412 | be used with lyrics or pedal. The dyn category applies to | |
413 | crescendo and decrescendo marks (from "<" and ">" statements) | |
414 | as well as text with the dyn modifier. | |
415 | The chord category applies to text with chord, analysis, or figbass | |
416 | modifiers. The othertext category applies to rom, bold, ital, and | |
417 | boldital items that do not have a chord, analysis, figbass, or dyn modifier. | |
418 | If you omit any categories, they will be stacked last, in their default order. | |
419 | </P> | |
420 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
421 | <A HREF="mussym.html">mussym,</A> | |
422 | <A HREF="octave.html">octave,</A> | |
423 | <A HREF="textmark.html#chordmod">dyn, othertext, chord,</A> | |
424 | <A HREF="lyrics.html">lyrics,</A> | |
425 | <A HREF="pedal.html">pedal</A> | |
426 | </P> | |
427 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
428 | mussym, octave, dyn & othertext & chord, lyrics, pedal | |
429 | </P> | |
430 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
431 | score, staff | |
432 | </P> | |
433 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
434 | beloworder = mussym, lyrics, dyn, octave, othertext, chord, pedal | |
435 | </P> | |
436 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
437 | <A HREF="param.html#aboveord">aboveorder,</A> | |
438 | <A HREF="param.html#betwnord">betweenorder,</A> | |
439 | <A HREF="param.html#chdist">chorddist,</A> | |
440 | <A HREF="param.html#dist">dist,</A> | |
441 | <A HREF="param.html#dyndist">dyndist</A> | |
442 | </P> | |
443 | <HR> | |
444 | <H2> | |
445 | <A NAME="betwnord">betweenorder</A> | |
446 | </H2><P> | |
447 | specify in what order to stack items that are printed between two staffs. | |
448 | The value is a comma-separated list of all the types of things that | |
449 | can be printed between staffs. Items are stacked in the order listed, | |
450 | starting from a baseline and working upward. | |
451 | If you want several types to be handled as a single | |
452 | category, with all types in the category | |
453 | having the same stacking priority, separate | |
454 | them with an ampersand rather than a comma. The ampersand cannot | |
455 | be used with lyrics. The dyn category applies to | |
456 | crescendo and decrescendo marks (from "<" and ">" statements) | |
457 | as well as text with the dyn modifier. | |
458 | The chord category applies to text with chord, analysis, or figbass | |
459 | modifiers. The othertext category applies to rom, bold, ital, and | |
460 | boldital items that do not have a chord, analysis, figbass, or dyn modifier. | |
461 | If you omit any categories, they will be stacked last, in their default order. | |
462 | </P> | |
463 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
464 | <A HREF="mussym.html">mussym,</A> | |
465 | <A HREF="textmark.html#chordmod">dyn, othertext, chord,</A> | |
466 | <A HREF="lyrics.html">lyrics,</A> | |
467 | </P> | |
468 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
469 | mussym, dyn & othertext & chord, lyrics | |
470 | </P> | |
471 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
472 | score, staff | |
473 | </P> | |
474 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
475 | betweenorder = mussym, lyrics, dyn & othertext, chord | |
476 | </P> | |
477 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
478 | <A HREF="param.html#aboveord">aboveorder,</A> | |
479 | <A HREF="param.html#beloword">beloworder,</A> | |
480 | <A HREF="param.html#chdist">chorddist,</A> | |
481 | <A HREF="param.html#dist">dist,</A> | |
482 | <A HREF="param.html#dyndist">dyndist</A> | |
483 | </P> | |
484 | <HR> | |
485 | <H2> | |
486 | <A NAME="botmar">bottommargin</A> | |
487 | </H2><P> | |
488 | sets the amount of white space margin to put at the bottom of each page. | |
489 | It is specified in inches if the | |
490 | <A HREF="param.html#units">units parameter</A> | |
491 | is set to inches, or in centimeters if the units parameter is set to cm. | |
492 | This parameter can only be specified before any music or | |
493 | <A HREF="prnttext.html#block">block input.</A> | |
494 | Margins are unaffected by | |
495 | <A HREF="param.html#scale">the "scale" parameter.</A> | |
496 | The parameter name can be abbreviated to just "botmargin" if you wish. | |
497 | </P> | |
498 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
499 | 0.0 to pageheight minus 0.5 inches | |
500 | </P> | |
501 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
502 | 0.5 inches | |
503 | </P> | |
504 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
505 | score | |
506 | </P> | |
507 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
508 | bottommargin = 0.8 | |
509 | </P> | |
510 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
511 | <A HREF="param.html#leftmar">leftmargin,</A> | |
512 | <A HREF="param.html#rightmar">rightmargin,</A> | |
513 | <A HREF="param.html#topmar">topmargin</A> | |
514 | <A HREF="param.html#pgheight">pageheight</A> | |
515 | <A HREF="param.html#units">units</A> | |
516 | </P> | |
517 | <HR> | |
518 | <H2> | |
519 | <A NAME="brace">brace</A> | |
520 | </H2><P> | |
521 | specifies which staffs are to be grouped together with a brace to the left | |
522 | of the score. If there is a string given in parentheses, that string | |
523 | will be used as the label to print on the next score, | |
524 | left of the bracket at its vertical center. | |
525 | If there is a second string, | |
526 | that will be used as the label for succeeding scores. | |
527 | </P> | |
528 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
529 | a comma-separated list of staffs and/or staff ranges, each optionally followed | |
530 | by one or two double-quoted strings enclosed in parentheses. | |
531 | If there are two strings, they are separated by a comma. | |
532 | Staff numbers can range from 1 to the value of | |
533 | <A HREF="param.html#staffs">the "staffs" parameter.</A> | |
534 | A given staff number can be specified only once, | |
535 | and there can be no overlapping between ranges. | |
536 | Giving no value will result in no braces on any staffs. | |
537 | </P> | |
538 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
539 | no staffs are grouped by braces. | |
540 | </P> | |
541 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
542 | score | |
543 | </P> | |
544 | <P><B>Examples:</B><BR> | |
545 | brace = 3-4 | |
546 | <BR> | |
547 | brace = 1, 2-3, 4, 5-6 | |
548 | <BR> | |
549 | brace = 1-2 ("piano"), 3 ("cello") | |
550 | <BR> | |
551 | brace = 1-2 ("Primo", "I") | |
552 | <BR> | |
553 | brace = // no braces at all (the default) | |
554 | </P> | |
555 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
556 | <A HREF="param.html#bracket">bracket,</A> | |
557 | <A HREF="param.html#label">label,</A> | |
558 | <A HREF="param.html#label2">label2,</A> | |
559 | <A HREF="param.html#staffs">staffs</A> | |
560 | </P> | |
561 | <HR> | |
562 | <H2> | |
563 | <A NAME="bracket">bracket</A> | |
564 | </H2><P> | |
565 | specifies which staffs are to be grouped together with a bracket to the left | |
566 | of the score. If there is a string given in parentheses, that string | |
567 | will be used as the label to print on the next score, | |
568 | left of the bracket at its vertical center. | |
569 | If there is a second string, | |
570 | that will be used as the label for succeeding scores. | |
571 | </P> | |
572 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
573 | a comma-separated list of staffs and/or staff ranges, each optionally followed | |
574 | by one or two double-quoted strings enclosed in parentheses. | |
575 | If there are two strings, they are separated by a comma. | |
576 | Staff numbers can range from 1 to the value of | |
577 | <A HREF="param.html#staffs">the "staffs" parameter.</A> | |
578 | A bracket range can overlap another bracket range, as long as one range | |
579 | is a proper subset of the other. | |
580 | Giving no value will result in no brackets on any staffs. | |
581 | </P> | |
582 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
583 | no staffs are grouped by brackets. | |
584 | </P> | |
585 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
586 | score | |
587 | </P> | |
588 | <P><B>Examples:</B><BR> | |
589 | bracket = 6-7 | |
590 | <BR> | |
591 | bracket = 17, 21-23 | |
592 | <BR> | |
593 | bracket = 8-9 ("SATB") | |
594 | <BR> | |
595 | bracket = 10-12 ("Strings", "Str") | |
596 | <BR> | |
597 | bracket = // no brackets at all (the default) | |
598 | </P> | |
599 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
600 | <A HREF="param.html#brace">brace,</A> | |
601 | <A HREF="param.html#label">label,</A> | |
602 | <A HREF="param.html#label2">label2,</A> | |
603 | <A HREF="param.html#staffs">staffs</A> | |
604 | </P> | |
605 | <HR> | |
606 | <H2> | |
607 | <A NAME="canclkey">cancelkey</A> | |
608 | </H2><P> | |
609 | When set to <B>y</B>, when a key changes, any sharps or flats in the | |
610 | previous key that are not part of the new key will be canceled by printing | |
611 | natural signs, before printing the new key signature. When | |
612 | set to <B>n</B>, the naturals will only be printed if the new key has no | |
613 | sharps or flats. | |
614 | </P> | |
615 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
616 | <B>y</B> or <B>n</B> | |
617 | </P> | |
618 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
619 | n | |
620 | </P> | |
621 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
622 | score, staff | |
623 | </P> | |
624 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
625 | cancelkey=y | |
626 | </P> | |
627 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
628 | <A HREF="param.html#key">key</A> | |
629 | </P> | |
630 | <HR> | |
631 | <H2> | |
632 | <A NAME="chdist">chorddist</A> | |
633 | </H2><P> | |
634 | sets minimum distance from staff to place chords. When | |
635 | chord marks are printed, they will be placed | |
636 | no closer to the staff than the value | |
637 | of this parameter. This can be used to reduce the ragged effect of having | |
638 | some chord marks much higher than others, because other things were in | |
639 | their way. | |
640 | If a specific chord mark has to be | |
641 | moved farther away than this parameter to avoid running into something, | |
642 | that will still happen, | |
643 | but any others will come out at the level specified by this parameter. | |
644 | This parameter may be overridden on specific items. The section on | |
645 | <A HREF="stuff.html">tempo, dynamic marks, ornaments, etc.</A> | |
646 | gives details on how to do this. | |
647 | </P> | |
648 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
649 | a whole number between 0 and 50 inclusive, given in stepsizes. | |
650 | </P> | |
651 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
652 | 3 | |
653 | </P> | |
654 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
655 | score, staff | |
656 | </P> | |
657 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
658 | chorddist = 4 | |
659 | </P> | |
660 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
661 | <A HREF="param.html#dyndist">dyndist,</A> | |
662 | <A HREF="param.html#dist">dist,</A> | |
663 | <A HREF="param.html#scorepad">scorepad,</A> | |
664 | <A HREF="param.html#scoresep">scoresep</A> | |
665 | </P> | |
666 | <HR> | |
667 | <H2> | |
668 | <A NAME="clef">clef</A> | |
669 | </H2><P> | |
670 | sets the clef to use. | |
671 | Changing a clef may also change the default octave | |
672 | <A HREF="param.html#defoct">(see the "defoct" parameter below).</A> | |
673 | </P> | |
674 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
675 | treble, treble8, 8treble, frenchviolin, soprano, mezzosoprano, | |
676 | alto, tenor, baritone or bass. | |
677 | The treble8 clef looks like a treble clef with an 8 below it, | |
678 | and refers to notes that are an octave lower than a normal treble clef. | |
679 | The 8treble clef looks like a treble clef with an 8 above it, | |
680 | and refers to notes that are an octave higher than a normal treble clef. | |
681 | If the | |
682 | <A HREF="param.html#stlines">stafflines parameter</A> | |
683 | includes the "drum" | |
684 | keyword, then the value of this clef parameter is | |
685 | only used for determining the placement of notes on the staff, with the | |
686 | drum (or "neutral") clef actually printed. | |
687 | Clef can be changed in | |
688 | <A HREF="midmeas.html">the middle of a measure</A> | |
689 | using a construct like <<staff clef=bass>> before a note group. | |
690 | </P> | |
691 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
692 | treble | |
693 | </P> | |
694 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
695 | score, staff | |
696 | </P> | |
697 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
698 | clef = alto | |
699 | </P> | |
700 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
701 | <A HREF="param.html#defoct">defoct,</A> | |
702 | <A HREF="param.html#stlines">stafflines</A> | |
703 | </P> | |
704 | <HR> | |
705 | <H2> | |
706 | <A NAME="cresdist">crescdist</A> | |
707 | </H2><P> | |
708 | This parameter is obsolete; it has been replaced by | |
709 | <A HREF="param.html#dyndist">the dyndist parameter.</A> | |
710 | </P> | |
711 | <HR> | |
712 | <H2> | |
713 | <A NAME="defoct">defoct</A> | |
714 | </H2><P> | |
715 | sets the default octave for any note | |
716 | which does not have an explicit octave specified. | |
717 | An octave goes from C up to the next B, with octave 4 being the octave | |
718 | beginning on middle C. | |
719 | If the clef is changed on a staff, the default octave | |
720 | is changed to match the new clef. | |
721 | defoct can be changed in | |
722 | <A HREF="midmeas.html">the middle of a measure</A> | |
723 | using a construct like <<staff defoct=5>> before a note group. | |
724 | </P> | |
725 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
726 | a number from 0 to 9 inclusive. Octave 4 is the octave beginning at middle C. | |
727 | </P> | |
728 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
729 | the octave containing the note represented by the middle line of the staff | |
730 | given the current | |
731 | <A HREF="param.html#clef">clef.</A> | |
732 | (Octave 5 for frenchviolin and 8treble; | |
733 | octave 4 for treble, soprano, mezzosoprano, and | |
734 | alto clefs; octave 3 for treble8, tenor, baritone and bass clefs). | |
735 | </P> | |
736 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
737 | score, staff, voice | |
738 | </P> | |
739 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
740 | defoct = 3 | |
741 | </P> | |
742 | <HR> | |
743 | <H2> | |
744 | <A NAME="dist">dist</A> | |
745 | </H2><P> | |
746 | sets minimum distance from staff to place | |
747 | <A HREF="textmark.html">rom, bold, ital, and boldital items,</A> | |
748 | and | |
749 | <A HREF="bars.html#reh">rehearsal marks.</A> | |
750 | When these items are printed, | |
751 | they will be placed no closer to the staff than the value | |
752 | of this parameter. This can be used to reduce the ragged effect of having | |
753 | some items much higher than others, because other things were in their way. | |
754 | If a specific item has to be | |
755 | moved farther away than this parameter to avoid running into something, | |
756 | that will still happen, | |
757 | but any others will come out at the level specified by this parameter. | |
758 | If an item is also a chord, | |
759 | <A HREF="param.html#chdist">the chorddist parameter</A> | |
760 | will be used instead of dist. | |
761 | This parameter may be overridden on specific items. The sections on | |
762 | <A HREF="stuff.html">tempo, dynamic marks, ornaments, etc.</A> | |
763 | and on | |
764 | <A HREF="bars.html#reh">rehearsal marks</A> | |
765 | give details on how to do this. | |
766 | </P> | |
767 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
768 | a whole number between 0 and 50 inclusive, given in stepsizes. | |
769 | </P> | |
770 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
771 | 2 | |
772 | </P> | |
773 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
774 | score, staff | |
775 | </P> | |
776 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
777 | dist = 6 | |
778 | </P> | |
779 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
780 | <A HREF="param.html#chdist">chorddist,</A> | |
781 | <A HREF="param.html#dyndist">dyndist,</A> | |
782 | <A HREF="param.html#scorepad">scorepad,</A> | |
783 | <A HREF="param.html#scoresep">scoresep</A> | |
784 | </P> | |
785 | <HR> | |
786 | <H2> | |
787 | <A NAME="division">division</A> | |
788 | </H2><P> | |
789 | sets | |
790 | <A HREF="midi.html">MIDI</A> | |
791 | division (number of clock ticks per quarter note). This typically | |
792 | has a value of 192 or 384. | |
793 | This parameter can only be specified before any music or block input. | |
794 | </P> | |
795 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
796 | 1 to 1536 | |
797 | </P> | |
798 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
799 | 192 | |
800 | </P> | |
801 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
802 | score | |
803 | </P> | |
804 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
805 | division = 384 | |
806 | </P> | |
807 | <HR> | |
808 | <H2> | |
809 | <A NAME="dyndist">dyndist</A> | |
810 | </H2><P> | |
811 | sets minimum distance from staff to place | |
812 | <A HREF="cres.html">crescendo and decrescendo marks.</A> | |
813 | and text that is marked "dyn." | |
814 | When these items are printed, | |
815 | they will be placed no closer to the staff than the value | |
816 | of this parameter. This can be used to reduce the ragged effect of having | |
817 | some items much higher than others, because other things were in their way. | |
818 | If a specific item has to be | |
819 | moved farther away than this parameter to avoid running into something, | |
820 | that will still happen, | |
821 | but any others will come out at the level specified by this parameter. | |
822 | This parameter may be overridden on specific items. The section on | |
823 | <A HREF="stuff.html">tempo, dynamic marks, ornaments, etc.</A> | |
824 | gives details on how to do this. | |
825 | </P> | |
826 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
827 | a whole number between 0 and 50 inclusive, given in stepsizes. | |
828 | </P> | |
829 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
830 | 2 | |
831 | </P> | |
832 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
833 | score, staff | |
834 | </P> | |
835 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
836 | dyndist = 4 | |
837 | </P> | |
838 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
839 | <A HREF="param.html#chdist">chorddist,</A> | |
840 | <A HREF="param.html#dist">dist,</A> | |
841 | <A HREF="param.html#scorepad">scorepad,</A> | |
842 | <A HREF="param.html#scoresep">scoresep</A> | |
843 | </P> | |
844 | <HR> | |
845 | <H2> | |
846 | <A NAME="endingst">endingstyle</A> | |
847 | </H2><P> | |
848 | controls how | |
849 | <A HREF="bars.html#endings">first and second endings</A> | |
850 | are placed. | |
851 | This parameter also controls where | |
852 | <A HREF="param.html#measnum">measure numbers</A> | |
853 | and | |
854 | <A HREF="bars.html#reh">rehearsal marks are placed.</A> | |
855 | A value of "top" means that the endings and similar marks | |
856 | will be shown only above the top | |
857 | <A HREF="param.html#visible">visible staff.</A> | |
858 | A value of "barred" | |
859 | means these marks will be shown above each set of staffs | |
860 | that is barred together. Each staff that is barred individually will also | |
861 | have the ending shown above it. | |
862 | <A HREF="param.html#barstyle">(See the "barstyle" parameter above.)</A> | |
863 | A value of "grouped" means the marks | |
864 | will be shown above the top visible | |
865 | staff of each range of staffs that are joined by a | |
866 | <A HREF="param.html#brace">brace</A> | |
867 | or | |
868 | <A HREF="param.html#bracket">bracket.</A> | |
869 | In all cases, at least the top visible staff will | |
870 | have endings shown above it. | |
871 | </P> | |
872 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
873 | top, barred, or grouped | |
874 | </P> | |
875 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
876 | top | |
877 | </P> | |
878 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
879 | score | |
880 | </P> | |
881 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
882 | endingstyle = grouped | |
883 | </P> | |
884 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
885 | <A HREF="param.html#barstyle">barstyle,</A> | |
886 | <A HREF="param.html#brace">brace,</A> | |
887 | <A HREF="param.html#bracket">bracket,</A> | |
888 | <A HREF="param.html#measnum">measnum,</A> | |
889 | <A HREF="param.html#rehstyle">rehstyle,</A> | |
890 | <A HREF="param.html#visible">visible</A> | |
891 | </P> | |
892 | <HR> | |
893 | <H2> | |
894 | <A NAME="firstpg">firstpage</A> | |
895 | </H2><P> | |
896 | specifies what to number the first page. | |
897 | This value can be overridden by the | |
898 | <A HREF="cmdargs.html#poption">-p command line option.</A> | |
899 | This parameter can only be set before any music or block input. | |
900 | </P> | |
901 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
902 | 1 to 5000 | |
903 | </P> | |
904 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
905 | 1 | |
906 | </P> | |
907 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
908 | score | |
909 | </P> | |
910 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
911 | firstpage = 12 | |
912 | </P> | |
913 | <HR> | |
914 | <H2> | |
915 | <A NAME="font">font</A> | |
916 | </H2><P> | |
917 | specifies which font to use for | |
918 | <A HREF="prnttext.html">print, left, right, center, and title statements,</A> | |
919 | and | |
920 | <A HREF="chrdattr.html#withlist">"with" lists (i.e., strings that are associated with a particular chord).</A> | |
921 | </P> | |
922 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
923 | rom, ital, bold, or boldital | |
924 | </P> | |
925 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
926 | rom | |
927 | </P> | |
928 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
929 | score, staff, header, footer, header2, footer2, top, bottom, top2, bottom2, block | |
930 | </P> | |
931 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
932 | font = boldital | |
933 | </P> | |
934 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
935 | <A HREF="param.html#fontfam">fontfamily,</A> | |
936 | <A HREF="param.html#lyrfont">lyricsfont,</A> | |
937 | <A HREF="param.html#lyrfam">lyricsfontfamily,</A> | |
938 | <A HREF="param.html#size">size</A> | |
939 | </P> | |
940 | <HR> | |
941 | <H2> | |
942 | <A NAME="fontfam">fontfamily</A> | |
943 | </H2><P> | |
944 | specifies what font family to use for | |
945 | <A HREF="prnttext.html">print, left, right, center, and title statements</A> | |
946 | and | |
947 | <A HREF="chrdattr.html#withlist">"with" lists (i.e., strings that are associated with a particular chord).</A> | |
948 | </P> | |
949 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
950 | avantgarde, bookman, courier, helvetica, newcentury, palatino, times | |
951 | </P> | |
952 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
953 | times | |
954 | </P> | |
955 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
956 | score, staff, header, footer, header2, footer2, top, bottom, top2, bottom2, block | |
957 | </P> | |
958 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
959 | fontfamily=palatino | |
960 | </P> | |
961 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
962 | <A HREF="param.html#font">font,</A> | |
963 | <A HREF="param.html#lyrfont">lyricsfont,</A> | |
964 | <A HREF="param.html#lyrfam">lyricsfontfamily</A> | |
965 | </P> | |
966 | <HR> | |
967 | <H2> | |
968 | <A NAME="gridfret">gridfret</A> | |
969 | </H2><P> | |
970 | specifies when to print fret numbers on grids. | |
971 | Normally, the top line of | |
972 | a grid represents the nut. However, if the fingering for a chord is rather | |
973 | far up the neck, it is customary to have the top line of the grid represent | |
974 | some other fret, and print a fret number and "fr" next to the grid, | |
975 | showing the actual fret of the rightmost fret mark. This parameter controls | |
976 | when Mup begins using this alternate format. Whenever all the frets of | |
977 | a chord are greater than or equal to | |
978 | the value specified for this parameter, and there are no strings marked "o", | |
979 | the "fr" notation is used. If no value is set for this parameter, | |
980 | the grid will just be made as tall | |
981 | as necessary to accommodate the chord's frets. | |
982 | </P> | |
983 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
984 | 2 to 99, or not set | |
985 | </P> | |
986 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
987 | 4 | |
988 | </P> | |
989 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
990 | score, staff | |
991 | </P> | |
992 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
993 | gridfret = 3 | |
994 | <BR> | |
995 | gridfret = | |
996 | </P> | |
997 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
998 | <A HREF="param.html#gridend">gridsatend,</A> | |
999 | <A HREF="param.html#gridscl">gridscale,</A> | |
1000 | <A HREF="param.html#gridused">gridswhereused,</A> | |
1001 | </P> | |
1002 | <HR> | |
1003 | <H2> | |
1004 | <A NAME="gridend">gridsatend</A> | |
1005 | </H2><P> | |
1006 | specifies whether to print guitar grids at the end of the song. | |
1007 | If set to "y" | |
1008 | grids for all of the chords used in the song will be printed. | |
1009 | </P> | |
1010 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1011 | y or n | |
1012 | </P> | |
1013 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1014 | n | |
1015 | </P> | |
1016 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1017 | score | |
1018 | </P> | |
1019 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1020 | gridsatend = y | |
1021 | </P> | |
1022 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
1023 | <A HREF="param.html#gridfret">gridfret,</A> | |
1024 | <A HREF="param.html#gridscl">gridscale,</A> | |
1025 | <A HREF="param.html#gridused">gridswhereused</A> | |
1026 | </P> | |
1027 | <HR> | |
1028 | <H2> | |
1029 | <A NAME="gridscl">gridscale</A> | |
1030 | </H2><P> | |
1031 | specifies how large to make grids, relative to their default size. | |
1032 | For example, a value of 0.5 will make them 1/2 their default size. | |
1033 | The default size for grids summarized at the end | |
1034 | of the song | |
1035 | <A HREF="param.html#gridend">(the gridsatend parameter)</A> | |
1036 | is larger than the default size for those printed with the music | |
1037 | <A HREF="param.html#gridused">(the gridswhereused parameter).</A> | |
1038 | </P> | |
1039 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1040 | 0.1 to 10.0 | |
1041 | </P> | |
1042 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1043 | 1.0 | |
1044 | </P> | |
1045 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1046 | score, staff | |
1047 | </P> | |
1048 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1049 | gridscale = 0.5 | |
1050 | </P> | |
1051 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
1052 | <A HREF="param.html#gridend">gridsatend,</A> | |
1053 | <A HREF="param.html#gridfret">gridfret,</A> | |
1054 | <A HREF="param.html#gridused">gridswhereused,</A> | |
1055 | <A HREF="param.html#scale">scale,</A> | |
1056 | <A HREF="param.html#stscale">staffscale</A> | |
1057 | </P> | |
1058 | <HR> | |
1059 | <H2> | |
1060 | <A NAME="gridused">gridswhereused</A> | |
1061 | </H2><P> | |
1062 | specifies whether to print guitar grids along with chords | |
1063 | where they appear in the song. If set to "y" each | |
1064 | <A HREF="textmark.html#chordmod">text item with the chord modifier</A> | |
1065 | will have a grid printed below its name. | |
1066 | </P> | |
1067 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1068 | y or n | |
1069 | </P> | |
1070 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1071 | n | |
1072 | </P> | |
1073 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1074 | score, staff | |
1075 | </P> | |
1076 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1077 | gridswhereused = y | |
1078 | </P> | |
1079 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
1080 | <A HREF="param.html#gridfret">gridfret,</A> | |
1081 | <A HREF="param.html#gridend">gridsatend,</A> | |
1082 | <A HREF="param.html#gridscl">gridscale</A> | |
1083 | </P> | |
1084 | <HR> | |
1085 | <H2> | |
1086 | <A NAME="key">key</A> | |
1087 | </H2><P> | |
1088 | sets the key signature. This can be specified either by giving the | |
1089 | number of sharps (#) or flats (&), or by giving the name of the key. | |
1090 | </P> | |
1091 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1092 | If using the number of sharps/flats format, the value is | |
1093 | a number from 0 to 7, followed by "#" or "&," optionally followed by "major" | |
1094 | or "minor." 0& and 0# are equivalent. | |
1095 | If using the name of the key, the value is a letter "a" through "g," | |
1096 | optionally followed by a "#" or "&," optionally followed by "major" or "minor." | |
1097 | The "major" and "minor" can be abbreviated to "maj" or "min." | |
1098 | The "major" or "minor" is used for | |
1099 | <A HREF="midi.html">MIDI file</A> | |
1100 | purposes, and is optional; if omitted, it defaults to major. | |
1101 | If you wish to use a mode other than major or minor, | |
1102 | you have to specify the number of sharps or flats. | |
1103 | </P> | |
1104 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1105 | c major | |
1106 | </P> | |
1107 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1108 | score, staff | |
1109 | </P> | |
1110 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1111 | key = 3& | |
1112 | <BR> | |
1113 | key = 6# | |
1114 | <BR> | |
1115 | key = c# minor | |
1116 | <BR> | |
1117 | key = d major | |
1118 | </P> | |
1119 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
1120 | <A HREF="param.html#stlines">stafflines,</A> | |
1121 | <A HREF="param.html#xpose">transpose,</A> | |
1122 | <A HREF="param.html#addxpose">addtranspose</A> | |
1123 | </P> | |
1124 | <HR> | |
1125 | <H2> | |
1126 | <A NAME="label">label</A> | |
1127 | </H2><P> | |
1128 | specify a label to be printed to the left of the staff on the next | |
1129 | score. If there is also a | |
1130 | <A HREF="param.html#brace">brace</A> | |
1131 | or | |
1132 | <A HREF="param.html#bracket">bracket</A> | |
1133 | label, that label will | |
1134 | be to the left of this label. | |
1135 | There is a | |
1136 | <A HREF="param.html#label2">label2</A> | |
1137 | parameter that is used on subsequent scores. | |
1138 | In addition to being used for the very first score of a song, | |
1139 | this label parameter might be used to clearly mark a change in instrumentation | |
1140 | or voices for a particular staff. The label2 would typically be changed at | |
1141 | the same time, giving a more abbreviated label. For example, | |
1142 | you might set label="Tenor/Bass" and label2="TB" | |
1143 | </P> | |
1144 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1145 | <A HREF="textstr.html">a text string</A> | |
1146 | enclosed in double quotes. | |
1147 | </P> | |
1148 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1149 | enough spaces to produce an indent of 1/2 inch | |
1150 | </P> | |
1151 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1152 | score, staff | |
1153 | </P> | |
1154 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1155 | label = "oboe" | |
1156 | </P> | |
1157 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
1158 | <A HREF="param.html#brace">brace,</A> | |
1159 | <A HREF="param.html#bracket">bracket,</A> | |
1160 | <A HREF="param.html#label">label2</A> | |
1161 | </P> | |
1162 | <HR> | |
1163 | <H2> | |
1164 | <A NAME="label2">label2</A> | |
1165 | </H2><P> | |
1166 | specify a label to be printed to the left of the staff on all scores after | |
1167 | the first. If there is also a | |
1168 | <A HREF="param.html#brace">brace</A> | |
1169 | or | |
1170 | <A HREF="param.html#bracket">bracket</A> | |
1171 | label, that label will be to the left of this label. | |
1172 | If both the | |
1173 | <A HREF="param.html#label">label</A> | |
1174 | and label2 parameters are set at the same time, | |
1175 | the label value will be used for the immediately | |
1176 | following score, with the label2 value used for subsequent scores. | |
1177 | If however, after the first score, only the label2 is changed, | |
1178 | then the label2 value will be used on the immediately following score | |
1179 | as well as subsequent scores. | |
1180 | </P> | |
1181 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1182 | <A HREF="textstr.html">a text string</A> | |
1183 | enclosed in double quotes | |
1184 | </P> | |
1185 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1186 | no label | |
1187 | </P> | |
1188 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1189 | score, staff | |
1190 | </P> | |
1191 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1192 | label2 = "Solo" | |
1193 | </P> | |
1194 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
1195 | <A HREF="param.html#brace">brace,</A> | |
1196 | <A HREF="param.html#bracket">bracket,</A> | |
1197 | <A HREF="param.html#label">label</A> | |
1198 | </P> | |
1199 | <HR> | |
1200 | <H2> | |
1201 | <A NAME="leftmar">leftmargin</A> | |
1202 | </H2><P> | |
1203 | sets the amount of white space margin to put at the left side of each page. | |
1204 | It is specified in inches if the | |
1205 | <A HREF="param.html#units">units parameter</A> | |
1206 | is set to inches, or in centimeters if the units parameter is set to cm. | |
1207 | This parameter can only be specified before any music or block input. | |
1208 | Margins are unaffected by | |
1209 | <A HREF="param.html#scale">the "scale" parameter.</A> | |
1210 | </P> | |
1211 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1212 | 0.0 to pagewidth minus 0.5 inches | |
1213 | </P> | |
1214 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1215 | 0.5 inches | |
1216 | </P> | |
1217 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1218 | score | |
1219 | </P> | |
1220 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1221 | leftmargin = 0.3 | |
1222 | </P> | |
1223 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
1224 | <A HREF="param.html#botmar">bottommargin,</A> | |
1225 | <A HREF="param.html#rightmar">rightmargin,</A> | |
1226 | <A HREF="param.html#topmar">topmargin,</A> | |
1227 | <A HREF="param.html#pgwidth">pagewidth,</A> | |
1228 | <A HREF="param.html#units">units</A> | |
1229 | </P> | |
1230 | <HR> | |
1231 | <H2> | |
1232 | <A NAME="lyralign">lyricsalign</A> | |
1233 | </H2><P> | |
1234 | specifies how to align lyric syllables with chords. Its value is the | |
1235 | proportion of each syllable to place to the left of the syllable's chord. | |
1236 | Thus for example, a value of 0.0 causes | |
1237 | the left edge of syllables to be aligned with | |
1238 | the chords, whereas a value of 0.5 causes syllables to be centered with | |
1239 | the chord, and 1.0 causes the right edge of the syllables to be aligned | |
1240 | with the chord. | |
1241 | </P> | |
1242 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1243 | 0.0 to 1.0 | |
1244 | </P> | |
1245 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1246 | 0.25 | |
1247 | </P> | |
1248 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1249 | score, staff | |
1250 | </P> | |
1251 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1252 | lyricsalign = 0.1 | |
1253 | </P> | |
1254 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
1255 | <A HREF="param.html#sylpos">sylposition</A> | |
1256 | </P> | |
1257 | <HR> | |
1258 | <H2> | |
1259 | <A NAME="lyrfont">lyricsfont</A> | |
1260 | </H2><P> | |
1261 | sets which font to use for | |
1262 | <A HREF="lyrics.html">lyrics.</A> | |
1263 | </P> | |
1264 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1265 | rom, ital, bold, boldital | |
1266 | </P> | |
1267 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1268 | rom | |
1269 | </P> | |
1270 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1271 | score, staff | |
1272 | </P> | |
1273 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1274 | lyricsfont = ital | |
1275 | </P> | |
1276 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
1277 | <A HREF="param.html#font">font,</A> | |
1278 | <A HREF="param.html#lyrsize">lyricssize</A> | |
1279 | </P> | |
1280 | <HR> | |
1281 | <H2> | |
1282 | <A NAME="lyrfam">lyricsfontfamily</A> | |
1283 | </H2><P> | |
1284 | specifies what font family to use for | |
1285 | <A HREF="lyrics.html">lyrics.</A> | |
1286 | </P> | |
1287 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1288 | avantgarde, bookman, courier, helvetica, newcentury, palatino, times | |
1289 | </P> | |
1290 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1291 | times | |
1292 | </P> | |
1293 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1294 | score, staff | |
1295 | </P> | |
1296 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1297 | lyricsfontfamily=helvetica | |
1298 | </P> | |
1299 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
1300 | <A HREF="param.html#font">font,</A> | |
1301 | <A HREF="param.html#fontfam">fontfamily,</A> | |
1302 | <A HREF="param.html#lyrfont">lyricsfont</A> | |
1303 | </P> | |
1304 | <HR> | |
1305 | <H2> | |
1306 | <A NAME="lyrsize">lyricssize</A> | |
1307 | </H2><P> | |
1308 | sets point size to use for | |
1309 | <A HREF="lyrics.html">lyrics.</A> | |
1310 | </P> | |
1311 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1312 | a number from 1 to 100 | |
1313 | </P> | |
1314 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1315 | 12 | |
1316 | </P> | |
1317 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1318 | score, staff | |
1319 | </P> | |
1320 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1321 | lyricssize = 10 | |
1322 | </P> | |
1323 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
1324 | <A HREF="param.html#lyrfont">lyricsfont,</A> | |
1325 | <A HREF="param.html#lyrfam">lyricsfontfamily,</A> | |
1326 | <A HREF="param.html#size">size</A> | |
1327 | </P> | |
1328 | <HR> | |
1329 | <H2> | |
1330 | <A NAME="measnum">measnum</A> | |
1331 | </H2><P> | |
1332 | specifies whether or not to print measure numbers. | |
1333 | If set to "y," | |
1334 | the current measure number will be printed at the beginning of each score | |
1335 | other than the first. The number will be printed above any scores that | |
1336 | would receive ending marks | |
1337 | <A HREF="param.html#endingst">(see "endingstyle" parameter).</A> | |
1338 | If set to "n," no measure numbers will be printed. | |
1339 | This parameter does not affect | |
1340 | <A HREF="bars.html#reh">rehearsal numbers, which are equal to measure numbers when "mnum" is used.</A> | |
1341 | </P> | |
1342 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1343 | y or n | |
1344 | </P> | |
1345 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1346 | n | |
1347 | </P> | |
1348 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1349 | score | |
1350 | </P> | |
1351 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1352 | measnum = y | |
1353 | </P> | |
1354 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
1355 | <A HREF="param.html#endingst">endingstyle,</A> | |
1356 | <A HREF="param.html#mnumfont">measnumfont,</A> | |
1357 | <A HREF="param.html#mnumfam">measnumfontfamily,</A> | |
1358 | <A HREF="param.html#mnumsize">measnumsize,</A> | |
1359 | <A HREF="param.html#rehstyle">rehstyle</A> | |
1360 | </P> | |
1361 | <HR> | |
1362 | <H2> | |
1363 | <A NAME="mnumfont">measnumfont</A> | |
1364 | </H2><P> | |
1365 | This specifies which font type to use for the automatic measure numbers, | |
1366 | if they are turned on via the | |
1367 | <A HREF="param.html#measnum">measnum parameter.</A> | |
1368 | </P> | |
1369 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1370 | rom, ital, bold, or boldital | |
1371 | </P> | |
1372 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1373 | rom | |
1374 | </P> | |
1375 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1376 | score | |
1377 | </P> | |
1378 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1379 | measnumfont=boldital | |
1380 | </P> | |
1381 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
1382 | <A HREF="param.html#measnum">measnum,</A> | |
1383 | <A HREF="param.html#mnumfam">measnumfontfamily,</A> | |
1384 | <A HREF="param.html#mnumsize">measnumsize</A> | |
1385 | </P> | |
1386 | <HR> | |
1387 | <H2> | |
1388 | <A NAME="mnumfam">measnumfontfamily</A> | |
1389 | </H2><P> | |
1390 | This specifies which font family to use for the automatic measure numbers, | |
1391 | if they are turned on via the | |
1392 | <A HREF="param.html#measnum">measnum parameter.</A> | |
1393 | </P> | |
1394 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1395 | avantegarde, bookman, courier, helvetica, newcentry, palatino, or times | |
1396 | </P> | |
1397 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1398 | times | |
1399 | </P> | |
1400 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1401 | score | |
1402 | </P> | |
1403 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1404 | measnumfontfamily=helvetica | |
1405 | </P> | |
1406 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
1407 | <A HREF="param.html#measnum">measnum,</A> | |
1408 | <A HREF="param.html#mnumfont">measnumfont,</A> | |
1409 | <A HREF="param.html#mnumsize">measnumsize</A> | |
1410 | </P> | |
1411 | <HR> | |
1412 | <H2> | |
1413 | <A NAME="mnumsize">measnumsize</A> | |
1414 | </H2><P> | |
1415 | This specifies what size to use for the automatic measure numbers, | |
1416 | in points, if they are turned on via the | |
1417 | <A HREF="param.html#measnum">measnum parameter.</A> | |
1418 | </P> | |
1419 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1420 | 1 to 100 | |
1421 | </P> | |
1422 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1423 | 11 | |
1424 | </P> | |
1425 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1426 | score | |
1427 | </P> | |
1428 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1429 | measnumsize=15 | |
1430 | </P> | |
1431 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
1432 | <A HREF="param.html#measnum">measnum,</A> | |
1433 | <A HREF="param.html#mnumfont">measnumfont,</A> | |
1434 | <A HREF="param.html#mnumfam">measnumfontfamily</A> | |
1435 | </P> | |
1436 | <HR> | |
1437 | <H2> | |
1438 | <A NAME="notehead">noteheads</A> | |
1439 | </H2><P> | |
1440 | The noteheads parameter describes which note head shape(s) | |
1441 | to use for each pitch in the scale. | |
1442 | If you want to use the same shape for all pitches, | |
1443 | as is the case with standard notation, the value is a string | |
1444 | containing a single shape name (e.g., "norm" for standard notation). | |
1445 | If you want to use different shapes for different pitches, | |
1446 | the noteheads parameter value is a string containing a list of 7 shape names. | |
1447 | They are listed in order starting from the "tonic" | |
1448 | of the major key as indicated by the number of sharps or flats in the | |
1449 | <A HREF="param.html#key">key signature.</A> | |
1450 | There are 10 pre-defined head shapes: | |
1451 | blank, diam, isostri, norm, pie, rect, righttri, semicirc, slash, and xnote. | |
1452 | Additional head shapes can be defined in the | |
1453 | <A HREF="shaped.html#hdshape">headshapes context.</A> | |
1454 | See the examples below for the most common settings for | |
1455 | this parameter. Head shape can be | |
1456 | <A HREF="shaped.html#chord">overridden on an individual chord</A> | |
1457 | by using [hs "shapename"] | |
1458 | before the chord. It can also be | |
1459 | <A HREF="shaped.html#note">overridden on an individual note</A> | |
1460 | by putting hs "shapename" after the note. | |
1461 | </P> | |
1462 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1463 | A string containing either 1 or 7 head shape names. | |
1464 | </P> | |
1465 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1466 | "norm" | |
1467 | </P> | |
1468 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1469 | score, staff, voice | |
1470 | </P> | |
1471 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1472 | // This is the setting for the most common shaped note system using 4 shapes. | |
1473 | <BR> | |
1474 | noteheads = "righttri norm rect righttri norm rect diam" | |
1475 | <BR> | |
1476 | ||
1477 | // This is the setting for a shaped notes system that uses 7 different shapes. | |
1478 | <BR> | |
1479 | noteheads = "isostri semicirc diam righttri norm rect pie" | |
1480 | </P> | |
1481 | <HR> | |
1482 | <H2> | |
1483 | <A NAME="nummrpt">numbermrpt</A> | |
1484 | </H2><P> | |
1485 | If set to 'y' | |
1486 | <A HREF="chordinp.html#measdur">measure repeats</A> | |
1487 | are numbered; if set to 'n' they aren't. | |
1488 | </P> | |
1489 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1490 | y or n | |
1491 | </P> | |
1492 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1493 | y | |
1494 | </P> | |
1495 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1496 | score, staff | |
1497 | </P> | |
1498 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1499 | numbermrpt = n | |
1500 | </P> | |
1501 | <HR> | |
1502 | <H2> | |
1503 | <A NAME="ontheline">ontheline</A> | |
1504 | </H2><P> | |
1505 | specifies whether notes for voices 1 and 2 | |
1506 | on a 1-line staff are to be placed on the line. | |
1507 | If this is set to n, notes with stem up will be placed above the line | |
1508 | and notes with stem down will be placed below the line, otherwise both | |
1509 | will be placed on the line. For notes that don't have a stem, the rules | |
1510 | are applied using the direction the stem would be if there were a stem. | |
1511 | This parameter has no effect on | |
1512 | <A HREF="param.html#stlines">5-line staffs</A> | |
1513 | or | |
1514 | <A HREF="tabstaff.html">tablature staffs.</A> | |
1515 | Notes for voice 3 are always placed on the line on 1-line staffs, | |
1516 | regardless of the value of this parameter. | |
1517 | </P> | |
1518 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1519 | y or n | |
1520 | </P> | |
1521 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1522 | y | |
1523 | </P> | |
1524 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1525 | score, staff, voice | |
1526 | </P> | |
1527 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1528 | ontheline=n | |
1529 | </P> | |
1530 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
1531 | <A HREF="param.html#stlines">stafflines</A> | |
1532 | </P> | |
1533 | <HR> | |
1534 | <H2> | |
1535 | <A NAME="packexp">packexp</A> | |
1536 | </H2><P> | |
1537 | sets note expansion factor. This factor controls spacing of notes relative | |
1538 | to their time values. If set to 1.0, Mup will try to give a half note twice | |
1539 | as much space as a quarter note, a whole note twice as much as a half note, | |
1540 | etc. If set to 0.0, a chord's time value will have no impact on its placement. | |
1541 | Intermediate values will cause relative spacing | |
1542 | between the two extremes. Note that individual chords may get more space | |
1543 | than they would theoretically "deserve" if they happen to need extra space | |
1544 | to accommodate accidentals, dots, etc. | |
1545 | </P> | |
1546 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1547 | a number from 0.0 to 1.0 inclusive | |
1548 | </P> | |
1549 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1550 | 0.8 | |
1551 | </P> | |
1552 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1553 | score | |
1554 | </P> | |
1555 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1556 | packexp = 0.95 | |
1557 | </P> | |
1558 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
1559 | <A HREF="param.html#packfact">packfact,</A> | |
1560 | <A HREF="param.html#pad">pad</A> | |
1561 | </P> | |
1562 | <HR> | |
1563 | <H2> | |
1564 | <A NAME="packfact">packfact</A> | |
1565 | </H2><P> | |
1566 | specifies how tightly to pack notes together on output. The smaller | |
1567 | the value, the more tightly notes are packed together. | |
1568 | </P> | |
1569 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1570 | a number from 0.0 to 10.0 | |
1571 | </P> | |
1572 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1573 | 1.0 | |
1574 | </P> | |
1575 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1576 | score | |
1577 | </P> | |
1578 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1579 | packfact = 1.4 | |
1580 | </P> | |
1581 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
1582 | <A HREF="param.html#packexp">packexp,</A> | |
1583 | <A HREF="param.html#pad">pad</A> | |
1584 | </P> | |
1585 | <HR> | |
1586 | <H2> | |
1587 | <A NAME="pad">pad</A> | |
1588 | </H2><P> | |
1589 | specifies the amount of padding to be added to notes. | |
1590 | This can be used to control how tightly things are packed together. | |
1591 | Especially if | |
1592 | <A HREF="param.html#packexp">packexp</A> | |
1593 | and | |
1594 | <A HREF="param.html#packfact">packfact</A> | |
1595 | are very small, notes can get placed very close together. | |
1596 | This parameter can be used to always force a minimum amount of space | |
1597 | between horizontally adjacent note groups. | |
1598 | A value of zero means notes will be allowed to just touch. | |
1599 | More positive values cause more space around notes. | |
1600 | A negative value will let things | |
1601 | actually overlap, so most people will probably never want to use a | |
1602 | negative value, but the option is there if you want to do something unusual. | |
1603 | This parameter works somewhat like | |
1604 | <A HREF="chrdattr.html#pad">the "pad" value that can be specified for individual note groups,</A> | |
1605 | except that it applies to all groups. | |
1606 | </P> | |
1607 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1608 | a floating point number of stepsizes, -5.0 to 50.0 | |
1609 | </P> | |
1610 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1611 | 0.3333 | |
1612 | </P> | |
1613 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1614 | score, staff, voice | |
1615 | </P> | |
1616 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1617 | pad = 1.76 | |
1618 | </P> | |
1619 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
1620 | <A HREF="param.html#packexp">packexp,</A> | |
1621 | <A HREF="param.html#packfact">packfact</A> | |
1622 | </P> | |
1623 | <HR> | |
1624 | <H2> | |
1625 | <A NAME="pgheight">pageheight</A> | |
1626 | </H2><P> | |
1627 | Set the page height. If the | |
1628 | <A HREF="param.html#units">units parameter</A> | |
1629 | is inches, the value of pageheight is given in inches, | |
1630 | or if the units parameter is cm, it is given in centimeters. | |
1631 | This parameter can only be specified before any music or block input. | |
1632 | If the | |
1633 | <A HREF="param.html#pgwidth">pagewidth</A> | |
1634 | and pageheight parameters are set to values that match | |
1635 | a standard paper size in landscape mode, the Mup output will be rotated | |
1636 | to print properly in landscape mode. | |
1637 | </P> | |
1638 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1639 | 2.0 to 24.0 inches or 5.0 to 61.0 cm | |
1640 | </P> | |
1641 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1642 | 11.0 inches | |
1643 | </P> | |
1644 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1645 | score | |
1646 | </P> | |
1647 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1648 | pageheight = 9 | |
1649 | </P> | |
1650 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
1651 | <A HREF="param.html#pgwidth">pagewidth,</A> | |
1652 | <A HREF="param.html#botmar">bottommargin</A> | |
1653 | <A HREF="param.html#topmar">topmargin,</A> | |
1654 | <A HREF="param.html#units">units</A> | |
1655 | </P> | |
1656 | <HR> | |
1657 | <H2> | |
1658 | <A NAME="pgsize">pagesize</A> | |
1659 | </H2><P> | |
1660 | Set the page size. This is just an alternate way of specifying | |
1661 | <A HREF="param.html#pgheight">pageheight</A> | |
1662 | and | |
1663 | <A HREF="param.html#pgwidth">pagewidth</A> | |
1664 | using the common names for paper sizes rather than specifying in | |
1665 | <A HREF="param.html#units">inches or cm.</A> | |
1666 | An orientation (portrait or landscape) can also be specified; | |
1667 | the default is portrait. | |
1668 | This parameter can only be specified before any music or block input. | |
1669 | </P> | |
1670 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1671 | letter, legal, flsa, halfletter, a4, a5, a6; optionally followed by | |
1672 | portrait or landscape. | |
1673 | </P> | |
1674 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1675 | letter | |
1676 | </P> | |
1677 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1678 | score | |
1679 | </P> | |
1680 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1681 | pagesize = a4 | |
1682 | <BR> | |
1683 | pagesize = legal landscape | |
1684 | </P> | |
1685 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
1686 | <A HREF="param.html#pgheight">pageheight,</A> | |
1687 | <A HREF="param.html#pgwidth">pagewidth,</A> | |
1688 | <A HREF="param.html#panels">panelsperpage</A> | |
1689 | </P> | |
1690 | <HR> | |
1691 | <H2> | |
1692 | <A NAME="pgwidth">pagewidth</A> | |
1693 | </H2><P> | |
1694 | Set the page width. If the | |
1695 | <A HREF="param.html#units">units parameter</A> | |
1696 | is inches, the value of pagewidth is given in inches, | |
1697 | or if the units parameter is cm, it is given in centimeters. | |
1698 | This parameter can only be specified before any music or block input. | |
1699 | If the pagewidth and | |
1700 | <A HREF="param.html#pgheight">pageheight</A> | |
1701 | parameters are set to values that match | |
1702 | a standard paper size in landscape mode, the Mup output will be rotated | |
1703 | to print properly in landscape mode. | |
1704 | </P> | |
1705 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1706 | 2.0 to 24.0 inches or 5.0 to 61.0 cm | |
1707 | </P> | |
1708 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1709 | 8.5 inches | |
1710 | </P> | |
1711 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1712 | score | |
1713 | </P> | |
1714 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1715 | pagewidth = 6.5 | |
1716 | </P> | |
1717 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
1718 | <A HREF="param.html#pgheight">pageheight,</A> | |
1719 | <A HREF="param.html#leftmar">leftmargin,</A> | |
1720 | <A HREF="param.html#rightmar">rightmargin,</A> | |
1721 | <A HREF="param.html#units">units</A> | |
1722 | </P> | |
1723 | <HR> | |
1724 | <H2> | |
1725 | <A NAME="panels">panelsperpage</A> | |
1726 | </H2><P> | |
1727 | Specifies how many pages of music to print on each physical page. | |
1728 | This parameter can only be specified before any music or block input. | |
1729 | Note that the | |
1730 | <A HREF="param.html#pgheight">pageheight</A> | |
1731 | and | |
1732 | <A HREF="param.html#pgwidth">pagewidth</A> | |
1733 | parameters still apply to the physical paper size viewed in portrait mode, | |
1734 | even when the panelsperpage value causes the printing to be landscape mode, | |
1735 | so you should continue to leave those set as you normally would. | |
1736 | The | |
1737 | <A HREF="cmdargs.html#ooption">-o command line option</A> | |
1738 | may be useful for getting pages printed in desired order. | |
1739 | For example, to make a 4-page booklet from a single sheet of paper | |
1740 | folded in half, you can use panelsperpage=2, then use -o4,1 to print one side | |
1741 | of the paper, and -o2,3 to print the other side. | |
1742 | </P> | |
1743 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1744 | 1 or 2 | |
1745 | </P> | |
1746 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1747 | 1 | |
1748 | </P> | |
1749 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1750 | score | |
1751 | </P> | |
1752 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1753 | panelsperpage=2 | |
1754 | </P> | |
1755 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
1756 | <A HREF="param.html#pgheight">pageheight,</A> | |
1757 | <A HREF="param.html#pgwidth">pagewidth</A> | |
1758 | </P> | |
1759 | <HR> | |
1760 | <H2> | |
1761 | <A NAME="pedstyle">pedstyle</A> | |
1762 | </H2><P> | |
1763 | Specifies whether to display | |
1764 | <A HREF="pedal.html">piano pedal marks</A> | |
1765 | with lines or with the word "Ped" and "*". | |
1766 | With the "pedstar" style, a "bounce" of the pedal is shown by a "* Ped" | |
1767 | whereas with the "alt pedstar" style, only a "Ped" is printed. | |
1768 | </P> | |
1769 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1770 | line, pedstar, or alt pedstar | |
1771 | </P> | |
1772 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1773 | line | |
1774 | </P> | |
1775 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1776 | score, staff | |
1777 | </P> | |
1778 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1779 | pedstyle = pedstar | |
1780 | </P> | |
1781 | <HR> | |
1782 | <H2> | |
1783 | <A NAME="prmultn">printmultnum</A> | |
1784 | </H2><P> | |
1785 | If set to 'y' | |
1786 | <A HREF="multirst.html">multirests</A> | |
1787 | are labeled with the number of measures of rest they represent; | |
1788 | if set to 'n' they aren't. | |
1789 | This would allow you to print some other commentary in place of the | |
1790 | number, print it in a different style, etc. | |
1791 | </P> | |
1792 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1793 | y or n | |
1794 | </P> | |
1795 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1796 | y | |
1797 | </P> | |
1798 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1799 | score, staff | |
1800 | </P> | |
1801 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1802 | printmultnum = n | |
1803 | </P> | |
1804 | <HR> | |
1805 | <H2> | |
1806 | <A NAME="rehstyle">rehstyle</A> | |
1807 | </H2><P> | |
1808 | Specifies whether to enclose | |
1809 | <A HREF="bars.html#reh">rehearsal marks</A> | |
1810 | inside box, inside a circle, or just as plain text. | |
1811 | </P> | |
1812 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1813 | boxed, circled, or plain | |
1814 | </P> | |
1815 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1816 | boxed | |
1817 | </P> | |
1818 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1819 | score, staff | |
1820 | </P> | |
1821 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1822 | rehstyle = circled | |
1823 | </P> | |
1824 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
1825 | <A HREF="param.html#endingst">endingstyle</A> | |
1826 | </P> | |
1827 | <HR> | |
1828 | <H2> | |
1829 | <A NAME="release">release</A> | |
1830 | </H2><P> | |
1831 | Specifies how soon (in milliseconds) before the full time value of note | |
1832 | to release the note when generating | |
1833 | <A HREF="midi.html">MIDI output.</A> | |
1834 | This controls how legato (smooth) the music is. | |
1835 | A value of 0 will make it very legato. The larger the value, the | |
1836 | more detached notes will be. This parameter specifies a | |
1837 | maximum amount to shorten notes; a note will never be shortened | |
1838 | to less than 75% of its full value. | |
1839 | release can be changed in | |
1840 | <A HREF="midmeas.html">the middle of a measure</A> | |
1841 | using a construct like <<score release=50>> before a note group. | |
1842 | </P> | |
1843 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1844 | 0 to 500 | |
1845 | </P> | |
1846 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1847 | 20 | |
1848 | </P> | |
1849 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1850 | score, staff, voice | |
1851 | </P> | |
1852 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1853 | release = 40 | |
1854 | </P> | |
1855 | <HR> | |
1856 | <H2> | |
1857 | <A NAME="restcomb">restcombine</A> | |
1858 | </H2><P> | |
1859 | If the given number of measures of rest occur in a row, | |
1860 | they will be replaced by a | |
1861 | <A HREF="multirst.html">multirest.</A> | |
1862 | This parameter can be overridden by the | |
1863 | -c command line option. | |
1864 | See the | |
1865 | <A HREF="cmdargs.html#coption">description of the -c option</A> | |
1866 | for more complete information on how the combining is done. | |
1867 | </P> | |
1868 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1869 | 2 to 1000 or nothing | |
1870 | </P> | |
1871 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1872 | not set | |
1873 | </P> | |
1874 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1875 | score | |
1876 | </P> | |
1877 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1878 | restcombine = 5 | |
1879 | <BR> | |
1880 | restcombine = // turn off combining | |
1881 | </P> | |
1882 | <HR> | |
1883 | <H2> | |
1884 | <A NAME="restsymm">restsymmult</A> | |
1885 | </H2><P> | |
1886 | Multi-rests are normally drawn as a horizontal line on the middle line | |
1887 | of the staff, with two vertical lines at the end. But there is an | |
1888 | alternate notation style that uses rest symbols (whole, double whole, | |
1889 | and quad whole) when the number of measures is short. | |
1890 | If this parameter is set to y, that alternate style will be used for | |
1891 | multirests of eight measures or less. | |
1892 | </P> | |
1893 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1894 | y or n | |
1895 | </P> | |
1896 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1897 | n | |
1898 | </P> | |
1899 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1900 | score, staff | |
1901 | </P> | |
1902 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1903 | restsymmult = y | |
1904 | </P> | |
1905 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
1906 | <A HREF="param.html#prmultn">printmultnum</A> | |
1907 | </P> | |
1908 | <HR> | |
1909 | <H2> | |
1910 | <A NAME="rightmar">rightmargin</A> | |
1911 | </H2><P> | |
1912 | sets the amount of white space margin to put at the right side of each page. | |
1913 | It is specified in inches if the | |
1914 | <A HREF="param.html#units">units parameter</A> | |
1915 | is set to inches, or in centimeters if the units parameter is set to cm. | |
1916 | This parameter can only be specified before any music or block input. | |
1917 | Margins are unaffected by | |
1918 | <A HREF="param.html#scale">the "scale" parameter.</A> | |
1919 | </P> | |
1920 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1921 | 0.0 to pagewidth minus 0.5 inches | |
1922 | </P> | |
1923 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1924 | 0.5 inches | |
1925 | </P> | |
1926 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1927 | score | |
1928 | </P> | |
1929 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1930 | rightmargin = 0.3 | |
1931 | </P> | |
1932 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
1933 | <A HREF="param.html#botmar">bottommargin,</A> | |
1934 | <A HREF="param.html#leftmar">leftmargin,</A> | |
1935 | <A HREF="param.html#topmar">topmargin,</A> | |
1936 | <A HREF="param.html#pgwidth">pagewidth,</A> | |
1937 | <A HREF="param.html#units">units</A> | |
1938 | </P> | |
1939 | <HR> | |
1940 | <H2> | |
1941 | <A NAME="scale">scale</A> | |
1942 | </H2><P> | |
1943 | Scale the printed output by the specified factor. For example, | |
1944 | scale=2 prints everything twice as large as normal, while scale=0.5 | |
1945 | prints everything at half size. | |
1946 | This parameter can only be specified before any music or block input. | |
1947 | </P> | |
1948 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1949 | A number between 0.1 and 10.0 | |
1950 | </P> | |
1951 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1952 | 1.0 | |
1953 | </P> | |
1954 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
1955 | score | |
1956 | </P> | |
1957 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
1958 | scale=0.95 | |
1959 | </P> | |
1960 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
1961 | <A HREF="param.html#packfact">packfact,</A> | |
1962 | <A HREF="param.html#packexp">packexp,</A> | |
1963 | <A HREF="param.html#stscale">staffscale</A> | |
1964 | </P> | |
1965 | <HR> | |
1966 | <H2> | |
1967 | <A NAME="scorepad">scorepad</A> | |
1968 | </H2><P> | |
1969 | sets the amount of padding (white space) to leave between scores, | |
1970 | accounting for all the things that protrude from both scores. | |
1971 | Either a single number, giving a minimum | |
1972 | amount, or two numbers, giving a minimum and maximum, | |
1973 | can be specified. They are specified in stepsizes. | |
1974 | If only the minimum is specified, and it is larger than the default | |
1975 | maximum of 2, the maximum will be adjusted to equal the minimum. | |
1976 | Depending on the setting of the | |
1977 | <A HREF="param.html#scoresep">scoresep parameter,</A> | |
1978 | the maximum may be exceeded; see the description of | |
1979 | scoresep for how these parameters interact to determine the placement | |
1980 | of the scores. | |
1981 | If a negative value is specified for scorepad, some overlap may occur, | |
1982 | (subject to the interaction with scoresep). | |
1983 | Specifying a negative value may be particularly useful when things | |
1984 | protrude downward from the top score and upward from the bottom score, | |
1985 | but at different places horizontally, such that it is actually safe | |
1986 | to put the scores closer together without collision, even though Mup | |
1987 | can't tell that it is safe. | |
1988 | Note, however, that this overrides Mup's protection against real | |
1989 | collisions, so this must be used with care to avoid undesired overlaps. | |
1990 | </P> | |
1991 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
1992 | one or two whole numbers, in the range from | |
1993 | negative the height of the page and the height of a page, in stepsizes. | |
1994 | If there are two numbers, they are separated by a comma, and the second | |
1995 | must be greater than or equal to the first. | |
1996 | </P> | |
1997 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
1998 | 2,2 | |
1999 | </P> | |
2000 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
2001 | score | |
2002 | </P> | |
2003 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
2004 | scorepad = 5 | |
2005 | <BR> | |
2006 | scorepad = -1 | |
2007 | <BR> | |
2008 | scorepad = 3,10 | |
2009 | </P> | |
2010 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
2011 | <A HREF="param.html#scoresep">scoresep,</A> | |
2012 | <A HREF="param.html#staffpad">staffpad,</A> | |
2013 | <A HREF="param.html#staffsep">staffsep</A> | |
2014 | </P> | |
2015 | <HR> | |
2016 | <H2> | |
2017 | <A NAME="scoresep">scoresep</A> | |
2018 | </H2><P> | |
2019 | sets how much space to leave between scores; | |
2020 | i.e., between the bottom line of the | |
2021 | bottom staff of one score and the top line of the top staff of the | |
2022 | following score. Either a single number, giving a minimum | |
2023 | amount, or two numbers, giving a minimum and maximum, | |
2024 | can be specified. They are specified in stepsizes. | |
2025 | If only the minimum is specified, and it is larger than the default | |
2026 | maximum of 20, the maximum will be adjusted to equal the minimum. | |
2027 | Depending on the setting of the | |
2028 | <A HREF="param.html#scorepad">scorepad parameter,</A> | |
2029 | the maximum may be exceeded. | |
2030 | The parameters interact as follows in determining the layout of a page: | |
2031 | As many scores are allocated to the page as will fit (or until | |
2032 | <A HREF="newscore.html">a "newpage" command</A> | |
2033 | is encountered). Initially, they are packed together | |
2034 | as tightly as they can be without violating | |
2035 | the minimum values of scorepad and scoresep between any neighboring scores. | |
2036 | Next, if there is extra space available at the bottom of the page, | |
2037 | the scores are spread out, increasing the white space between them, but | |
2038 | not increasing any beyond the maximum scorepad value. | |
2039 | (Some may however already be beyond the maximum scorepad value, because | |
2040 | the minimum scoresep value required it.) | |
2041 | This spreading is done without regard for the maximum scoresep value. | |
2042 | If any of the inter-score gaps start narrower than others | |
2043 | (because of the minimum scoresep), they are increased first, in an | |
2044 | attempt to even out the differences. | |
2045 | If the maximum scorepad value is reached or exceeded between all the scores, | |
2046 | and there is still extra space available at the bottom of the page, | |
2047 | then the scores are spread out some more, increasing the white space between | |
2048 | them, this time ignoring the scorepad values, but not increasing any | |
2049 | beyond the maximum scoresep value. | |
2050 | (Some may however already be beyond the maximum scoresep value, because | |
2051 | of the previous steps.) | |
2052 | If still not all the space is used up, it remains as extra space at the | |
2053 | bottom of the page. | |
2054 | </P> | |
2055 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
2056 | one or two whole numbers, in the range from 6 | |
2057 | to the height of the page in stepsizes. | |
2058 | If there are two numbers, they are separated by a comma, and the second | |
2059 | must be greater than or equal to the first. | |
2060 | </P> | |
2061 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
2062 | 12,20 | |
2063 | </P> | |
2064 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
2065 | score | |
2066 | </P> | |
2067 | <P><B>Examples:</B><BR> | |
2068 | scoresep = 25 | |
2069 | <BR> | |
2070 | scoresep = 9,15 | |
2071 | </P> | |
2072 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
2073 | <A HREF="param.html#scorepad">scorepad,</A> | |
2074 | <A HREF="param.html#staffpad">staffpad,</A> | |
2075 | <A HREF="param.html#staffsep">staffsep</A> | |
2076 | </P> | |
2077 | <HR> | |
2078 | <H2> | |
2079 | <A NAME="size">size</A> | |
2080 | </H2><P> | |
2081 | specifies what point size to use for text in | |
2082 | <A HREF="prnttext.html">print, title, left, right, and center statements,</A> | |
2083 | and | |
2084 | <A HREF="chrdattr.html#withlist">"with" lists (i.e., strings that are associated with a particular chord).</A> | |
2085 | </P> | |
2086 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
2087 | a number from 1 to 100 inclusive | |
2088 | </P> | |
2089 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
2090 | 12 | |
2091 | </P> | |
2092 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
2093 | score, staff, header, footer, header2, footer2, top, bottom, top2, bottom2, block | |
2094 | </P> | |
2095 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
2096 | size = 9 | |
2097 | </P> | |
2098 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
2099 | <A HREF="param.html#font">font,</A> | |
2100 | <A HREF="param.html#fontfam">fontfamily,</A> | |
2101 | <A HREF="param.html#lyrsize">lyricssize</A> | |
2102 | </P> | |
2103 | <HR> | |
2104 | <H2> | |
2105 | <A NAME="stlines">stafflines</A> | |
2106 | </H2><P> | |
2107 | specifies how many lines to draw for the staff. Normally, there are 5 lines | |
2108 | per staff, but a single line staff is sometimes used for percussion, | |
2109 | and tablature staffs for various instruments | |
2110 | may have different numbers of lines. | |
2111 | Setting this parameter to 1 will produce a single line staff. | |
2112 | The number of lines can be followed by "n" to indicate that | |
2113 | <A HREF="param.html#clef">clef</A> | |
2114 | and | |
2115 | <A HREF="param.html#key">key signature</A> | |
2116 | are not to be printed. The "n" also implies that accidentals are to | |
2117 | be ignored and that notes are never to be transposed. | |
2118 | If the number of lines is 1, the clef and | |
2119 | key signature are never printed, | |
2120 | regardless of whether or not you add the "n," so the "n" is really only | |
2121 | meaningful when used with 5. When stafflines=1, you can only have one note | |
2122 | per chord, and the pitch of that note is irrelevant, except for | |
2123 | <A HREF="midi.html">MIDI output.</A> | |
2124 | Alternately, rather than specifying "n" you can specify "drum" which | |
2125 | means to use the drum clef (also sometimes called the "neutral" clef). | |
2126 | With the drum clef, no key signature is printed, accidentals are | |
2127 | ignored, and notes are never transposed. The value used for the | |
2128 | <A HREF="param.html#clef">clef parameter</A> | |
2129 | is used to determine the pitch for placement of notes in this case, | |
2130 | but the drum clef of two vertical lines is printed. | |
2131 | For a tablature staff, rather than specifying a number of staff lines as the | |
2132 | value, the keyword "tab" is used, optionally followed by a list of strings | |
2133 | in parentheses. The strings are listed in order from the top line of the | |
2134 | tablature staff to the bottom. | |
2135 | Each item in the list has at least a string pitch, which is | |
2136 | a letter from a to g, optionally followed by # or &. If there is more than | |
2137 | one string having the same letter/accidental, they are distinguished by | |
2138 | adding one or more single quote marks ("ticks"). An octave number can also | |
2139 | be specified. | |
2140 | If the list of strings is omitted, standard guitar strings are used, | |
2141 | which is tab( e5 b4 g4 d4 a3 e'3 ). | |
2142 | Tablature can only be specified in staff context, not score or voice, and | |
2143 | when a tablature staff is specified, the staff above it becomes a "tabnote" | |
2144 | staff which is a normal 5-line staff containing music derived from the | |
2145 | tablature staff. | |
2146 | </P> | |
2147 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
2148 | 1 or 5, optionally followed by "n" or "drum"; | |
2149 | or for tablature staff, the keyword "tab" optionally followed by a | |
2150 | list of strings, in parentheses. | |
2151 | Setting the stafflines parameter will also reinitialize other parameters: | |
2152 | <A HREF="param.html#key">key,</A> | |
2153 | <A HREF="param.html#xpose">transpose,</A> | |
2154 | <A HREF="param.html#addxpose">addtranspose,</A> | |
2155 | <A HREF="param.html#clef">clef,</A> | |
2156 | <A HREF="param.html#beamstyl">beamstyle,</A> | |
2157 | and | |
2158 | <A HREF="param.html#defoct">defoct.</A> | |
2159 | </P> | |
2160 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
2161 | 5 | |
2162 | </P> | |
2163 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
2164 | score, staff | |
2165 | </P> | |
2166 | <P><B>Examples:</B><BR> | |
2167 | stafflines=1 | |
2168 | <BR> | |
2169 | stafflines=5n | |
2170 | <BR> | |
2171 | stafflines = tab // standard guitar tablature staff | |
2172 | <BR> | |
2173 | stafflines = tab ( g3 d3 a2 e2 ) // standard bass guitar | |
2174 | <BR> | |
2175 | stafflines = tab (d# g b3 g'3) | |
2176 | </P> | |
2177 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
2178 | <A HREF="param.html#clef">clef,</A> | |
2179 | <A HREF="param.html#key">key,</A> | |
2180 | <A HREF="param.html#xpose">transpose,</A> | |
2181 | <A HREF="param.html#addxpose">addtranspose</A> | |
2182 | </P> | |
2183 | <HR> | |
2184 | <H2> | |
2185 | <A NAME="staffpad">staffpad</A> | |
2186 | </H2><P> | |
2187 | sets the minimum amount of space to leave between staffs, | |
2188 | accounting for all the things that protrude from both staffs. | |
2189 | If a negative value is specified, some overlap may occur, although | |
2190 | it will still be limited by the value of the | |
2191 | <A HREF="param.html#staffsep">staffsep parameter.</A> | |
2192 | Specifying a negative value may be particularly useful when things | |
2193 | protrude downward from the top staff and upward from the bottom staff, | |
2194 | but at different places horizontally, such that it is actually safe | |
2195 | to put the staffs closer together without collision, even though Mup | |
2196 | can't tell that it is safe. | |
2197 | Note, however, that this overrides Mup's protection against real | |
2198 | collisions, so this must be used with care to avoid undesired overlaps. | |
2199 | </P> | |
2200 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
2201 | a whole number between negative the height of the page | |
2202 | and the height of a page, in stepsizes. | |
2203 | </P> | |
2204 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
2205 | 0 | |
2206 | </P> | |
2207 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
2208 | score, staff | |
2209 | </P> | |
2210 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
2211 | staffpad = -2 | |
2212 | </P> | |
2213 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
2214 | <A HREF="param.html#scorepad">scorepad,</A> | |
2215 | <A HREF="param.html#scoresep">scoresep,</A> | |
2216 | <A HREF="param.html#staffsep">staffsep</A> | |
2217 | </P> | |
2218 | <HR> | |
2219 | <H2> | |
2220 | <A NAME="staffs">staffs</A> | |
2221 | </H2><P> | |
2222 | specifies the number of staffs. It is possible that not all of these staffs | |
2223 | will be printed (see | |
2224 | <A HREF="param.html#visible">the "visible" parameter</A> | |
2225 | below and | |
2226 | <A HREF="cmdargs.html#soption">the -s command line argument).</A> | |
2227 | Changing the number | |
2228 | of staffs causes all parameters that had been | |
2229 | set in staff and voice context to be set back to their default values. | |
2230 | It is usually preferable to only set the staff parameter once at the beginning | |
2231 | of a song, and use | |
2232 | <A HREF="param.html#visible">the "visible" parameter</A> | |
2233 | when you want to change which staffs are actually printed, | |
2234 | rather than changing the number of staffs. | |
2235 | </P> | |
2236 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
2237 | a number between 1 and 40 inclusive. | |
2238 | </P> | |
2239 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
2240 | 1 | |
2241 | </P> | |
2242 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
2243 | score | |
2244 | </P> | |
2245 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
2246 | staffs = 12 | |
2247 | </P> | |
2248 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
2249 | <A HREF="param.html#visible">visible</A> | |
2250 | </P> | |
2251 | <HR> | |
2252 | <H2> | |
2253 | <A NAME="stscale">staffscale</A> | |
2254 | </H2><P> | |
2255 | Specifies how to scale the size of a staff relative to the size of other | |
2256 | staffs. A value of 1.0 yields the normal size, whereas 0.5 yields a staff | |
2257 | that is half as high, and 2.0 one that is twice as high as normal, | |
2258 | and so forth. This might be used, for example, for a piece written for | |
2259 | two instruments, say piano and violin, where you want the piano part to | |
2260 | be written in normal size, but want to show the violin part in smaller | |
2261 | size, such that while the pianist will have the violin part available | |
2262 | for reference, it won't take up a lot of space. | |
2263 | Another possible use is to set staffscale in score context, to make | |
2264 | all staff-related things a different size, but leave other things, like | |
2265 | <A HREF="headfoot.html">headers and footers,</A> | |
2266 | unaffected. | |
2267 | </P> | |
2268 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
2269 | 0.1 to 10.0 | |
2270 | </P> | |
2271 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
2272 | 1.0 | |
2273 | </P> | |
2274 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
2275 | score, staff | |
2276 | </P> | |
2277 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
2278 | staffscale=0.75 | |
2279 | </P> | |
2280 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
2281 | <A HREF="param.html#scale">scale</A> | |
2282 | </P> | |
2283 | <HR> | |
2284 | <H2> | |
2285 | <A NAME="staffsep">staffsep</A> | |
2286 | </H2><P> | |
2287 | specifies the minimum amount of space to leave between | |
2288 | any two adjacent staffs within the same score. It is specified in stepsizes, | |
2289 | and is measured from the bottom line of the staff above to the top line | |
2290 | of the staff below. Staffs will be spread | |
2291 | wider than this minimum if necessary to prevent things from colliding. | |
2292 | </P> | |
2293 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
2294 | a number from 6 to the height of the page in stepsizes | |
2295 | </P> | |
2296 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
2297 | 10 | |
2298 | </P> | |
2299 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
2300 | score, staff | |
2301 | </P> | |
2302 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
2303 | staffsep = 14 | |
2304 | </P> | |
2305 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
2306 | <A HREF="param.html#scorepad">scorepad,</A> | |
2307 | <A HREF="param.html#scoresep">scoresep,</A> | |
2308 | <A HREF="param.html#staffpad">staffpad</A> | |
2309 | </P> | |
2310 | <HR> | |
2311 | <H2> | |
2312 | <A NAME="stemlen">stemlen</A> | |
2313 | </H2><P> | |
2314 | Specifies how long stems should be, in stepsizes. | |
2315 | This is for normal-sized chords; grace or cue size chords | |
2316 | will gets stems that are 5/7 of this length. | |
2317 | This length can be overridden on specific chords using | |
2318 | <A HREF="chrdattr.html#stemlen">the len attribute in backets before the chord.</A> | |
2319 | </P> | |
2320 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
2321 | 0.0 to 100.0 | |
2322 | </P> | |
2323 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
2324 | 7.0 | |
2325 | </P> | |
2326 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
2327 | score, staff, voice | |
2328 | </P> | |
2329 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
2330 | stemlen = 0 // to make all notes stemless | |
2331 | </P> | |
2332 | <HR> | |
2333 | <H2> | |
2334 | <A NAME="sshorten">stemshorten</A> | |
2335 | </H2><P> | |
2336 | On beamed chords, Mup will sometimes shorten stems slightly. | |
2337 | This parameter lets you control the maximum amount of shortening that | |
2338 | will ever be done. It is specified in stepsizes. | |
2339 | </P> | |
2340 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
2341 | 0.0 to 2.0 | |
2342 | </P> | |
2343 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
2344 | 1.0 | |
2345 | </P> | |
2346 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
2347 | score, staff, voice | |
2348 | </P> | |
2349 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
2350 | stemshorten = 0 // never shorten any stems | |
2351 | </P> | |
2352 | <HR> | |
2353 | <H2> | |
2354 | <A NAME="swing">swingunit</A> | |
2355 | </H2><P> | |
2356 | This parameter only affects | |
2357 | <A HREF="midi.html">MIDI output.</A> | |
2358 | Some styles of music are often | |
2359 | written in "swing time," meaning the | |
2360 | players are expected to play pairs of notes with the first twice | |
2361 | as long as the second, even though they are written as if they were the | |
2362 | same duration, or as if the first was three times as long as the second. | |
2363 | The most common example would be where the written notation shows | |
2364 | two eighth notes like 8;; or a dotted rhythm like 8.;16; | |
2365 | but the musician "knows" that the composer really intended it | |
2366 | to be played as if it were a triplet {4;8;}3; | |
2367 | This parameter adjusts the Mup MIDI output | |
2368 | to follow this performance convention. | |
2369 | If this parameter is set, | |
2370 | each measure is divided into segments of durations of "swingunit," starting | |
2371 | at the beginning. (Usually the | |
2372 | <A HREF="param.html#time">time signature</A> | |
2373 | divided by swingunit | |
2374 | will be an integer, but if not, the last piece will be shorter.) | |
2375 | Then within each segment, the time where one group ends | |
2376 | and the next group starts will be | |
2377 | altered in either of these two circumstances: | |
2378 | (1) The current boundary time is halfway into a swingunit, and | |
2379 | each group is at least half a swingunit long, or | |
2380 | (2) The current boundary time is 3/4 of the way into a swingunit, | |
2381 | and the first group is at least 3/4 of a swingunit long, and | |
2382 | the second group is at least 1/4 of a swingunit long. | |
2383 | In both of these cases, the durations are altered so that the | |
2384 | meeting point is 2/3 of the way into the swingunit. | |
2385 | </P> | |
2386 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
2387 | A time value, like 2, 4, or 8, or not set to anything. | |
2388 | It can be a dotted value like 2. or 16.. although dotted values | |
2389 | are rarely likely to be useful. | |
2390 | It can even be a time expression like 2.-32 although that is even | |
2391 | less likely to be useful. | |
2392 | </P> | |
2393 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
2394 | not set | |
2395 | </P> | |
2396 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
2397 | score, staff, voice | |
2398 | </P> | |
2399 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
2400 | swingunit = 4 | |
2401 | <BR> | |
2402 | swingunit = // turn off swing | |
2403 | </P> | |
2404 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
2405 | <A HREF="param.html#timeunit">timeunit</A> | |
2406 | </P> | |
2407 | <HR> | |
2408 | <H2> | |
2409 | <A NAME="sylpos">sylposition</A> | |
2410 | </H2><P> | |
2411 | A | can be used in lyrics at the beginning of a syllable (after | |
2412 | anything in angle brackets) to indicate syllable alignment. | |
2413 | This will override the | |
2414 | <A HREF="param.html#lyralign">lyricsalign parameter,</A> | |
2415 | and may be useful for aligning verse numbers or to make syllables at | |
2416 | the beginning of poetic lines line up. | |
2417 | If the | is not preceded by a number, the sylposition parameter specifies the | |
2418 | default alignment value to use. It is the number of points (1 point | |
2419 | is 1/72 of an inch) from the horizontal "middle" of the chord to place the | |
2420 | left edge of the syllable. Negative values are to the left of the middle, | |
2421 | positive to the right, so this value is usually negative. | |
2422 | </P> | |
2423 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
2424 | -100 to 100 | |
2425 | </P> | |
2426 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
2427 | -5 | |
2428 | </P> | |
2429 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
2430 | score, staff | |
2431 | </P> | |
2432 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
2433 | sylposition = -4 | |
2434 | </P> | |
2435 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
2436 | <A HREF="param.html#lyralign">lyricsalign</A> | |
2437 | </P> | |
2438 | <HR> | |
2439 | <H2> | |
2440 | <A NAME="tabwhite">tabwhitebox</A> | |
2441 | </H2><P> | |
2442 | says whether or not to put a small white box behind each fret number on | |
2443 | <A HREF="tabstaff.html">tablature staffs.</A> | |
2444 | This may make the music a little easier to read, since the staff lines | |
2445 | won't be going through the middle of the fret numbers. | |
2446 | </P> | |
2447 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
2448 | <B>y</B> or <B>n</B> | |
2449 | </P> | |
2450 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
2451 | n | |
2452 | </P> | |
2453 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
2454 | score, staff, voice | |
2455 | </P> | |
2456 | <P><B>Examples:</B><BR> | |
2457 | tabwhitebox = y | |
2458 | </P> | |
2459 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
2460 | <A HREF="param.html#stlines">stafflines</A> | |
2461 | </P> | |
2462 | <HR> | |
2463 | <H2> | |
2464 | <A NAME="time">time</A> | |
2465 | </H2><P> | |
2466 | sets the time signature. Music data for each measure is checked to ensure | |
2467 | that the total time in the measure for each voice and verse | |
2468 | adds up to exactly the time signature. Setting the time parameter will | |
2469 | also reinitialize | |
2470 | <A HREF="param.html#timeunit">the timeunit parameter</A> | |
2471 | and | |
2472 | <A HREF="param.html#beamstyl">the beamstyle parameter</A> | |
2473 | to their most recent values for the same time signature | |
2474 | (which would be their default values if they had never been explicitly | |
2475 | set for this time signature). | |
2476 | </P> | |
2477 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
2478 | either a ratio of the form <I>N/D</I> or the word "cut" or "common." If the ratio | |
2479 | form is used, <I>N</I> must be between 1 and 99 inclusive, | |
2480 | and <I>D</I> must be 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, or 64. | |
2481 | The numerator of the time signature can be the sum of several numbers, | |
2482 | as in 3+4/4 or 2+3+2/2. You can also have several fractions added | |
2483 | together, as in 3/4 + 4/4. It is also possible to provide "alternating" | |
2484 | time signatures, where you list two (or more, although two is typical) | |
2485 | time signatures separated by white space. Each measure then uses | |
2486 | the next time signature in the list. For example, for | |
2487 | 3/4 4/4, the first measure would be in 3/4 time, the second measure in 4/4, | |
2488 | the third back in 3/4, the fourth in 4/4, and so forth. | |
2489 | It is possible to combine all the various complexities, | |
2490 | with things like 3+4/8 + 2+3/4 4+3/4 although that would be very uncommon. | |
2491 | The time signature can optionally be followed by the | |
2492 | letter n to specify that the time signature is not to be printed. | |
2493 | Or it can be followed by the letter y, which causes | |
2494 | alternating time signatures to be treated differently. | |
2495 | By default, the alternating signature are printed just once, as a list, | |
2496 | and the performer has to remember | |
2497 | that each subsequent measure has a different time signature. | |
2498 | Using y forces Mup to print the appropriate time signature on each measure. | |
2499 | </P> | |
2500 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
2501 | 4/4 | |
2502 | </P> | |
2503 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
2504 | score | |
2505 | </P> | |
2506 | <P><B>Examples:</B><BR> | |
2507 | time = 6/8 | |
2508 | <BR> | |
2509 | time = cut | |
2510 | <BR> | |
2511 | time = 13/16n | |
2512 | <BR> | |
2513 | time = 2+3+4 / 8 // additive numerator | |
2514 | <BR> | |
2515 | time = 3/4 + 4/4 // fractions added together | |
2516 | <BR> | |
2517 | time = 4/4 3/4 // alternating | |
2518 | <BR> | |
2519 | time = 3/4 6/8 y // alternating, printing time sig on every measure | |
2520 | </P> | |
2521 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
2522 | <A HREF="param.html#timeunit">timeunit</A> | |
2523 | </P> | |
2524 | <HR> | |
2525 | <H2> | |
2526 | <A NAME="timeunit">timeunit</A> | |
2527 | </H2><P> | |
2528 | sets the default time unit. If the first note of a measure has no time | |
2529 | value specified, the value of the timeunit parameter will be used. | |
2530 | If the | |
2531 | <A HREF="param.html#time">time signature</A> | |
2532 | is changed, the timeunit parameter reverts back | |
2533 | to its previous value for that time signature, which defaults to the | |
2534 | value of the denominator (bottom number) of the new time signature. | |
2535 | </P> | |
2536 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
2537 | 1/4, 1/2, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, or 256 | |
2538 | representing quadruple whole, double whole, whole, half, | |
2539 | quarter, eighth, sixteenth, thirty-second, | |
2540 | sixty-fourth, 128th, or 256th, | |
2541 | followed by zero or more dots. Each dot adds 50% of the previous note or dot | |
2542 | to the time. | |
2543 | It can also be a time expression, like 2+8 or 1-4+16. | |
2544 | The time value must be less than or equal to | |
2545 | the time signature. | |
2546 | The timeunit value can be reinitialized indirectly by setting | |
2547 | <A HREF="param.html#time">the time parameter.</A> | |
2548 | Setting the time parameter will set the timeunit to the value | |
2549 | used most recently for that time signature. | |
2550 | </P> | |
2551 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
2552 | The denominator (bottom number) of the time signature | |
2553 | </P> | |
2554 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
2555 | score, staff, voice | |
2556 | </P> | |
2557 | <P><B>Examples:</B><BR> | |
2558 | timeunit = 2 | |
2559 | <BR> | |
2560 | timeunit = 4. | |
2561 | <BR> | |
2562 | timeunit = 2 + 8 | |
2563 | </P> | |
2564 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
2565 | <A HREF="param.html#swing">swingunit,</A> | |
2566 | <A HREF="param.html#time">time</A> | |
2567 | </P> | |
2568 | <HR> | |
2569 | <H2> | |
2570 | <A NAME="topmar">topmargin</A> | |
2571 | </H2><P> | |
2572 | sets the amount of white space margin to put at the top of each page. | |
2573 | It is specified in inches if the | |
2574 | <A HREF="param.html#units">units parameter</A> | |
2575 | is set to inches, or in centimeters if the units parameter is set to cm. | |
2576 | This parameter can only be specified before any music or block input. | |
2577 | Margins are unaffected by | |
2578 | <A HREF="param.html#scale">the "scale" parameter.</A> | |
2579 | </P> | |
2580 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
2581 | 0.0 to pageheight minus 0.5 inches | |
2582 | </P> | |
2583 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
2584 | 0.5 inches | |
2585 | </P> | |
2586 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
2587 | score | |
2588 | </P> | |
2589 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
2590 | topmargin = 0.8 | |
2591 | </P> | |
2592 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
2593 | <A HREF="param.html#botmar">bottommargin,</A> | |
2594 | <A HREF="param.html#leftmar">leftmargin,</A> | |
2595 | <A HREF="param.html#rightmar">rightmargin,</A> | |
2596 | <A HREF="param.html#pgheight">pageheight,</A> | |
2597 | <A HREF="param.html#units">units</A> | |
2598 | </P> | |
2599 | <HR> | |
2600 | <H2> | |
2601 | <A NAME="xpose">transpose</A> | |
2602 | </H2><P> | |
2603 | specify by what interval to transpose the music data. The interval can be | |
2604 | larger than an octave, but must be a valid interval (e.g., there is no | |
2605 | such thing as a perfect 6th). It is an error to specify a transposition value | |
2606 | which would result in a key signature with more than 7 flats or sharps. | |
2607 | It is also an error if transposition would result in a note requiring a | |
2608 | triple sharp or triple flat. | |
2609 | </P> | |
2610 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
2611 | the word "up" or "down," followed by an interval and a whole number greater than 0. | |
2612 | The interval is one of major, minor, augmented, diminished, or perfect. | |
2613 | The intervals can be abbreviated to their first 3 letters (maj, | |
2614 | min, aug, dim, or per). | |
2615 | The | |
2616 | <A HREF="trnspose.html">section on transposition</A> | |
2617 | lists transposition intervals and gives further details. | |
2618 | Depending on which key signature you are | |
2619 | transposing from, some transposition intervals may not work because they | |
2620 | result in more than 7 flats or sharps. | |
2621 | There is also another parameter called | |
2622 | <A HREF="param.html#addxpose">addtranspose.</A> | |
2623 | Typically you would use the transpose parameter to change the key of | |
2624 | individual staffs (for transposing instruments), and then use the | |
2625 | addtranspose parameter if you want to change the key of the entire score. | |
2626 | But either of these parameters can be used either way. | |
2627 | In any case, for each staff, and for the score, the values of | |
2628 | transpose and addtranspose are "added" to find the transposition | |
2629 | for that staff or score. | |
2630 | </P> | |
2631 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
2632 | up perfect 1 (i.e., no transposition) | |
2633 | </P> | |
2634 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
2635 | score, staff | |
2636 | </P> | |
2637 | <P><B>Examples:</B><BR> | |
2638 | transpose = up minor 3 | |
2639 | <BR> | |
2640 | transpose = down perfect 4 | |
2641 | </P> | |
2642 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
2643 | <A HREF="param.html#addxpose">addtranspose,</A> | |
2644 | <A HREF="param.html#key">key</A> | |
2645 | </P> | |
2646 | <HR> | |
2647 | <H2> | |
2648 | <A NAME="units">units</A> | |
2649 | </H2><P> | |
2650 | Specifies whether margin and page size parameters are specified | |
2651 | in inches or in centimeters. | |
2652 | </P> | |
2653 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
2654 | inches or cm | |
2655 | </P> | |
2656 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
2657 | inches | |
2658 | </P> | |
2659 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
2660 | score | |
2661 | </P> | |
2662 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
2663 | units = cm | |
2664 | </P> | |
2665 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
2666 | <A HREF="param.html#topmar">topmargin,</A> | |
2667 | <A HREF="param.html#botmar">bottommargin</A> | |
2668 | <A HREF="param.html#leftmar">leftmargin,</A> | |
2669 | <A HREF="param.html#rightmar">rightmargin,</A> | |
2670 | <A HREF="param.html#pgheight">pageheight,</A> | |
2671 | <A HREF="param.html#pgwidth">pagewidth</A> | |
2672 | </P> | |
2673 | <HR> | |
2674 | <H2> | |
2675 | <A NAME="vcombine">vcombine</A> | |
2676 | </H2><P> | |
2677 | This parameter tells Mup to combine the specified | |
2678 | voices onto a single stem whenever possible. | |
2679 | One common use would be if you want multiple voices for | |
2680 | <A HREF="midi.html">MIDI</A> | |
2681 | purposes, but want them printed on the same stems. | |
2682 | Another typical use would be to obtain a printing style common for hymns | |
2683 | and certain other styles of music, where the two voices on each staff are | |
2684 | printed on one common stem whenever possible, but when a note | |
2685 | is shared between two voices, two opposing stems are used to make it clear the | |
2686 | note is indeed shared. | |
2687 | The value of this parameter is a list of voices plus an optional qualifier. | |
2688 | The list format is like elsewhere for voices; common examples would be | |
2689 | <TT>1,2</TT> or <TT>1-3</TT> or <TT>2-3</TT>. | |
2690 | Order of voices is significant: sometimes Mup may have to choose between | |
2691 | two possible combinations, so voices listed first get priority. | |
2692 | The list of voices can be followed by a qualifier to specify what | |
2693 | happens when voices overlap. If the qualifier is "nooverlap," | |
2694 | voices will only be combined if the bottom note of the higher voice | |
2695 | is higher than the top note of the lower voice. | |
2696 | (That is the typical value for getting the hymn style described above.) | |
2697 | If the qualifier is "shareone" the bottom note of the top voice must be | |
2698 | no lower than than top note of the lower voice for combining to occur. | |
2699 | If the qualifier is "overlap," combining will occur without regard for | |
2700 | how the voices overlap. For the purpose of the qualifier, voice 1 is assumed | |
2701 | to be the highest voice, voice 3 the middle voice, and voice 2 the lowest. | |
2702 | If no qualifier is specified, the default is nooverlap. While the vcombine | |
2703 | parameter is allowed to be used with any | |
2704 | <A HREF="param.html#vscheme">vscheme parameter</A> | |
2705 | value, using it with vscheme=1 is pointless, and only | |
2706 | vscheme values of 2f and 3f are really appropriate. | |
2707 | This parameters can be used with both voice-at-a-time and chord-at-a-time | |
2708 | input styles. It has no effect on tablature or 1-line staffs. | |
2709 | Note that there are various cases where combining will not be done, such | |
2710 | as when time values or beamings are different in different voices, and cases | |
2711 | where combining would cause information loss, such as when a shared note is | |
2712 | tied in one voice but not another. In such cases, | |
2713 | the usual non-combined format will be used. | |
2714 | </P> | |
2715 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
2716 | comma-separated list of voices or voice ranges, or nothing, | |
2717 | optionally followed by nooverlap, shareone, or overlap. | |
2718 | </P> | |
2719 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
2720 | not set | |
2721 | </P> | |
2722 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
2723 | score, staff | |
2724 | </P> | |
2725 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
2726 | vcombine=3,1-2 shareone | |
2727 | <BR> | |
2728 | vcombine= // turn off combining | |
2729 | </P> | |
2730 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
2731 | <A HREF="param.html#vscheme">vscheme</A> | |
2732 | </P> | |
2733 | <HR> | |
2734 | <H2> | |
2735 | <A NAME="visible">visible</A> | |
2736 | </H2><P> | |
2737 | specifies whether a staff or voice is actually to be printed. | |
2738 | This can be useful for | |
2739 | printing a subset of a full score. The value is either y or n, for yes or no, | |
2740 | or whereused. When whereused is specified, | |
2741 | if a staff has no notes or lyrics or other associated things on an entire score, | |
2742 | that staff is not printed. This might be used, for example, | |
2743 | to save paper on an orchestral score by only printing staffs for | |
2744 | instruments when they are actually playing. | |
2745 | At least one staff must be visible at all times. | |
2746 | When an individual voice is made invisible, but the other voice(s) on that staff | |
2747 | remain visible, all the | |
2748 | <A HREF="stuff.html">tempo, dynamics, and similar marks</A> | |
2749 | associated with the staff will still be printed, since Mup cannot know for sure | |
2750 | whether you meant them to be associated with | |
2751 | a particular voice or with the staff as a whole. | |
2752 | When | |
2753 | <A HREF="midi.html">MIDI output</A> | |
2754 | is generated, this parameter controls whether the staff or voice | |
2755 | is audible, so you can control which voices are played. | |
2756 | <A HREF="cmdargs.html#soption">The -s command line argument can also be used</A> | |
2757 | to control which staffs are printed or played. | |
2758 | </P> | |
2759 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
2760 | y, n, or whereused | |
2761 | </P> | |
2762 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
2763 | y | |
2764 | </P> | |
2765 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
2766 | score, staff, voice | |
2767 | </P> | |
2768 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
2769 | visible = n | |
2770 | </P> | |
2771 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
2772 | <A HREF="param.html#brace">brace,</A> | |
2773 | <A HREF="param.html#bracket">bracket,</A> | |
2774 | <A HREF="param.html#endingst">endingstyle,</A> | |
2775 | <A HREF="param.html#staffs">staffs</A> | |
2776 | </P> | |
2777 | <HR> | |
2778 | <H2> | |
2779 | <A NAME="vscheme">vscheme</A> | |
2780 | </H2><P> | |
2781 | sets voice scheme. A value of 1 means there is only a single voice on a | |
2782 | staff. The direction of note stems will be determined based on how high | |
2783 | or low the notes are on the staff. A value of 2o means there are two voices | |
2784 | with "opposing" stems. In other words, the stems of voice 1 will always | |
2785 | point upward, and the stems of voice 2 will always point downward, | |
2786 | unless they are | |
2787 | <A HREF="chrdattr.html#stemdir">explicitly forced</A> | |
2788 | the other way. A | |
2789 | value of 2f means there are two voices with "free" or "floating" stems. | |
2790 | That means in places where there are notes or rests in both | |
2791 | voices, stem directions will be as if 2o were set. However, if one of the | |
2792 | voices has "space" where there are no notes or rests, the stem directions of the | |
2793 | other voice will be determined as if there were only a single voice. | |
2794 | 2o is useful if you want to force stem directions a certain way. 2f is | |
2795 | generally preferable when there are two voices only part of the time. | |
2796 | The values 3o and 3f are like 2o and 2f except that a third voice is | |
2797 | allowed. The third voice's stem defaults to up, | |
2798 | but the direction can be changed at any chord. The | |
2799 | <A HREF="chrdattr.html#stemdir">stem direction</A> | |
2800 | remains in effect on subsequent chords of voice 3 until explicitly changed. | |
2801 | While there can be voice crossings, in general voice 1 should be the "top" | |
2802 | voice, voice 2 the "bottom" voice, and voice 3 the "middle" or "extra" voice. | |
2803 | Mup does not use voice 3 when associating things like phrase marks and | |
2804 | lyrics with chords. | |
2805 | Setting vscheme to a different number of voices | |
2806 | will reinitialize all voice level parameters for the | |
2807 | affected staffs. | |
2808 | </P> | |
2809 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
2810 | 1, 2o, 2f, 3o, or 3f | |
2811 | </P> | |
2812 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
2813 | 1 | |
2814 | </P> | |
2815 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
2816 | score, staff | |
2817 | </P> | |
2818 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
2819 | vscheme = 2f | |
2820 | </P> | |
2821 | <P><B>Related parameters: </B> | |
2822 | <A HREF="param.html#vcombine">vcombine</A> | |
2823 | </P> | |
2824 | <HR> | |
2825 | <H2> | |
2826 | <A NAME="warn">warn</A> | |
2827 | </H2><P> | |
2828 | specifies whether to print warning messages or not. | |
2829 | Normally, Mup will print warnings when it encounters input that | |
2830 | it considers somewhat dubious. Sometimes, however, that input will really | |
2831 | be what you want, so this parameter allows you to turn off warning messages. | |
2832 | </P> | |
2833 | <P><B>Value: </B> | |
2834 | y or n | |
2835 | </P> | |
2836 | <P><B>Default value: </B> | |
2837 | y | |
2838 | </P> | |
2839 | <P><B>Context: </B> | |
2840 | score | |
2841 | </P> | |
2842 | <P><B>Example:</B><BR> | |
2843 | warn = n | |
2844 | </P> | |
2845 | <HR><P> | |
2846 | <A HREF="fontfile.html"><-- previous page</A> <A HREF="index.html">Table of Contents</A> <A HREF="debug.html">next page --></A> | |
2847 | </P> | |
2848 | </BODY></HTML> |