+#if API_ALSA
+/** @brief ALSA backend initialization */
+static void alsa_init(void) {
+ info("selected ALSA backend");
+}
+
+/** @brief Log ALSA parameters */
+static void log_params(snd_pcm_hw_params_t *hwparams,
+ snd_pcm_sw_params_t *swparams) {
+ snd_pcm_uframes_t f;
+ unsigned u;
+
+ return; /* too verbose */
+ if(hwparams) {
+ /* TODO */
+ }
+ if(swparams) {
+ snd_pcm_sw_params_get_silence_size(swparams, &f);
+ info("sw silence_size=%lu", (unsigned long)f);
+ snd_pcm_sw_params_get_silence_threshold(swparams, &f);
+ info("sw silence_threshold=%lu", (unsigned long)f);
+ snd_pcm_sw_params_get_sleep_min(swparams, &u);
+ info("sw sleep_min=%lu", (unsigned long)u);
+ snd_pcm_sw_params_get_start_threshold(swparams, &f);
+ info("sw start_threshold=%lu", (unsigned long)f);
+ snd_pcm_sw_params_get_stop_threshold(swparams, &f);
+ info("sw stop_threshold=%lu", (unsigned long)f);
+ snd_pcm_sw_params_get_xfer_align(swparams, &f);
+ info("sw xfer_align=%lu", (unsigned long)f);
+ }
+}
+
+/** @brief ALSA deactivation */
+static void alsa_deactivate(void) {
+ if(pcm) {
+ int err;
+
+ if((err = snd_pcm_nonblock(pcm, 0)) < 0)
+ fatal(0, "error calling snd_pcm_nonblock: %d", err);
+ D(("draining pcm"));
+ snd_pcm_drain(pcm);
+ D(("closing pcm"));
+ snd_pcm_close(pcm);
+ pcm = 0;
+ device_state = device_closed;
+ D(("released audio device"));
+ }
+}
+
+/** @brief ALSA backend activation */
+static void alsa_activate(void) {
+ /* If we need to change format then close the current device. */
+ if(pcm && !formats_equal(&playing->format, &device_format))
+ alsa_deactivate();
+ /* Now if the sound device is open it must have the right format */
+ if(!pcm) {
+ snd_pcm_hw_params_t *hwparams;
+ snd_pcm_sw_params_t *swparams;
+ snd_pcm_uframes_t pcm_bufsize;
+ int err;
+ int sample_format = 0;
+ unsigned rate;
+
+ D(("snd_pcm_open"));
+ if((err = snd_pcm_open(&pcm,
+ config->device,
+ SND_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK,
+ SND_PCM_NONBLOCK))) {
+ error(0, "error from snd_pcm_open: %d", err);
+ goto error;
+ }
+ snd_pcm_hw_params_alloca(&hwparams);
+ D(("set up hw params"));
+ if((err = snd_pcm_hw_params_any(pcm, hwparams)) < 0)
+ fatal(0, "error from snd_pcm_hw_params_any: %d", err);
+ if((err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_access(pcm, hwparams,
+ SND_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED)) < 0)
+ fatal(0, "error from snd_pcm_hw_params_set_access: %d", err);
+ switch(playing->format.bits) {
+ case 8:
+ sample_format = SND_PCM_FORMAT_S8;
+ break;
+ case 16:
+ switch(playing->format.byte_format) {
+ case AO_FMT_NATIVE: sample_format = SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16; break;
+ case AO_FMT_LITTLE: sample_format = SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16_LE; break;
+ case AO_FMT_BIG: sample_format = SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16_BE; break;
+ error(0, "unrecognized byte format %d", playing->format.byte_format);
+ goto fatal;
+ }
+ break;
+ default:
+ error(0, "unsupported sample size %d", playing->format.bits);
+ goto fatal;
+ }
+ if((err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_format(pcm, hwparams,
+ sample_format)) < 0) {
+ error(0, "error from snd_pcm_hw_params_set_format (%d): %d",
+ sample_format, err);
+ goto fatal;
+ }
+ rate = playing->format.rate;
+ if((err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_rate_near(pcm, hwparams, &rate, 0)) < 0) {
+ error(0, "error from snd_pcm_hw_params_set_rate (%d): %d",
+ playing->format.rate, err);
+ goto fatal;
+ }
+ if(rate != (unsigned)playing->format.rate)
+ info("want rate %d, got %u", playing->format.rate, rate);
+ if((err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_channels(pcm, hwparams,
+ playing->format.channels)) < 0) {
+ error(0, "error from snd_pcm_hw_params_set_channels (%d): %d",
+ playing->format.channels, err);
+ goto fatal;
+ }
+ pcm_bufsize = 3 * FRAMES;
+ if((err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_buffer_size_near(pcm, hwparams,
+ &pcm_bufsize)) < 0)
+ fatal(0, "error from snd_pcm_hw_params_set_buffer_size (%d): %d",
+ 3 * FRAMES, err);
+ if(pcm_bufsize != 3 * FRAMES && pcm_bufsize != last_pcm_bufsize)
+ info("asked for PCM buffer of %d frames, got %d",
+ 3 * FRAMES, (int)pcm_bufsize);
+ last_pcm_bufsize = pcm_bufsize;
+ if((err = snd_pcm_hw_params(pcm, hwparams)) < 0)
+ fatal(0, "error calling snd_pcm_hw_params: %d", err);
+ D(("set up sw params"));
+ snd_pcm_sw_params_alloca(&swparams);
+ if((err = snd_pcm_sw_params_current(pcm, swparams)) < 0)
+ fatal(0, "error calling snd_pcm_sw_params_current: %d", err);
+ if((err = snd_pcm_sw_params_set_avail_min(pcm, swparams, FRAMES)) < 0)
+ fatal(0, "error calling snd_pcm_sw_params_set_avail_min %d: %d",
+ FRAMES, err);
+ if((err = snd_pcm_sw_params(pcm, swparams)) < 0)
+ fatal(0, "error calling snd_pcm_sw_params: %d", err);
+ device_format = playing->format;
+ D(("acquired audio device"));
+ log_params(hwparams, swparams);
+ device_state = device_open;
+ }
+ return;
+fatal:
+ abandon();
+error:
+ /* We assume the error is temporary and that we'll retry in a bit. */
+ if(pcm) {
+ snd_pcm_close(pcm);
+ pcm = 0;
+ device_state = device_error;
+ }
+ return;
+}
+
+/** @brief Play via ALSA */
+static size_t alsa_play(size_t frames) {
+ snd_pcm_sframes_t pcm_written_frames;
+ int err;
+
+ pcm_written_frames = snd_pcm_writei(pcm,
+ playing->buffer + playing->start,
+ frames);
+ D(("actually play %zu frames, wrote %d",
+ frames, (int)pcm_written_frames));
+ if(pcm_written_frames < 0) {
+ switch(pcm_written_frames) {
+ case -EPIPE: /* underrun */
+ error(0, "snd_pcm_writei reports underrun");
+ if((err = snd_pcm_prepare(pcm)) < 0)
+ fatal(0, "error calling snd_pcm_prepare: %d", err);
+ return 0;
+ case -EAGAIN:
+ return 0;
+ default:
+ fatal(0, "error calling snd_pcm_writei: %d",
+ (int)pcm_written_frames);
+ }
+ } else
+ return pcm_written_frames;
+}
+
+static int alsa_slots, alsa_nslots = -1;
+
+/** @brief Fill in poll fd array for ALSA */
+static void alsa_beforepoll(void) {
+ /* We send sample data to ALSA as fast as it can accept it, relying on
+ * the fact that it has a relatively small buffer to minimize pause
+ * latency. */
+ int retry = 3, err;
+
+ alsa_slots = fdno;
+ do {
+ retry = 0;
+ alsa_nslots = snd_pcm_poll_descriptors(pcm, &fds[fdno], NFDS - fdno);
+ if((alsa_nslots <= 0
+ || !(fds[alsa_slots].events & POLLOUT))
+ && snd_pcm_state(pcm) == SND_PCM_STATE_XRUN) {
+ error(0, "underrun detected after call to snd_pcm_poll_descriptors()");
+ if((err = snd_pcm_prepare(pcm)))
+ fatal(0, "error calling snd_pcm_prepare: %d", err);
+ } else
+ break;
+ } while(retry-- > 0);
+ if(alsa_nslots >= 0)
+ fdno += alsa_nslots;
+}
+
+/** @brief Process poll() results for ALSA */
+static int alsa_ready(void) {
+ int err;
+
+ unsigned short alsa_revents;
+
+ if((err = snd_pcm_poll_descriptors_revents(pcm,
+ &fds[alsa_slots],
+ alsa_nslots,
+ &alsa_revents)) < 0)
+ fatal(0, "error calling snd_pcm_poll_descriptors_revents: %d", err);
+ if(alsa_revents & (POLLOUT | POLLERR))
+ return 1;
+ else
+ return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+/** @brief Start the subprocess for @ref BACKEND_COMMAND */
+static void fork_cmd(void) {
+ pid_t cmdpid;
+ int pfd[2];
+ if(cmdfd != -1) close(cmdfd);
+ xpipe(pfd);
+ cmdpid = xfork();
+ if(!cmdpid) {
+ signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_DFL);
+ xdup2(pfd[0], 0);
+ close(pfd[0]);
+ close(pfd[1]);
+ execl("/bin/sh", "sh", "-c", config->speaker_command, (char *)0);
+ fatal(errno, "error execing /bin/sh");
+ }
+ close(pfd[0]);
+ cmdfd = pfd[1];
+ D(("forked cmd %d, fd = %d", cmdpid, cmdfd));
+}
+
+/** @brief Command backend initialization */
+static void command_init(void) {
+ info("selected command backend");
+ fork_cmd();
+}
+
+/** @brief Play to a subprocess */
+static size_t command_play(size_t frames) {
+ size_t bytes = frames * bpf;
+ int written_bytes;
+
+ written_bytes = write(cmdfd, playing->buffer + playing->start, bytes);
+ D(("actually play %zu bytes, wrote %d",
+ bytes, written_bytes));
+ if(written_bytes < 0) {
+ switch(errno) {
+ case EPIPE:
+ error(0, "hmm, command died; trying another");
+ fork_cmd();
+ return 0;
+ case EAGAIN:
+ return 0;
+ default:
+ fatal(errno, "error writing to subprocess");
+ }
+ } else
+ return written_bytes / bpf;
+}
+
+static int cmdfd_slot;
+
+/** @brief Update poll array for writing to subprocess */
+static void command_beforepoll(void) {
+ /* We send sample data to the subprocess as fast as it can accept it.
+ * This isn't ideal as pause latency can be very high as a result. */
+ if(cmdfd >= 0)
+ cmdfd_slot = addfd(cmdfd, POLLOUT);
+}
+
+/** @brief Process poll() results for subprocess play */
+static int command_ready(void) {
+ if(fds[cmdfd_slot].revents & (POLLOUT | POLLERR))
+ return 1;
+ else
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/** @brief Network backend initialization */
+static void network_init(void) {