Preliminary support for RSA user authentication in SSH2! Most of the
[u/mdw/putty] / ssh.c
diff --git a/ssh.c b/ssh.c
index a0309c0..405ae90 100644 (file)
--- a/ssh.c
+++ b/ssh.c
@@ -164,13 +164,6 @@ enum { PKT_END, PKT_INT, PKT_CHAR, PKT_DATA, PKT_STR, PKT_BIGNUM };
 #define crWaitUntil(c) do { crReturn(0); } while (!(c))
 #define crWaitUntilV(c)        do { crReturnV; } while (!(c))
 
-extern const struct ssh_cipher ssh_3des;
-extern const struct ssh2_ciphers ssh2_3des;
-extern const struct ssh_cipher ssh_des;
-extern const struct ssh2_ciphers ssh2_aes;
-extern const struct ssh_cipher ssh_blowfish_ssh1;
-extern const struct ssh2_ciphers ssh2_blowfish;
-
 extern char *x11_init (Socket *, char *, void *);
 extern void x11_close (Socket);
 extern void x11_send  (Socket , char *, int);
@@ -188,20 +181,14 @@ const static struct ssh2_ciphers *ciphers[] = {
     &ssh2_3des,
 };
 
-extern const struct ssh_kex ssh_diffiehellman;
-extern const struct ssh_kex ssh_diffiehellman_gex;
 const static struct ssh_kex *kex_algs[] = {
 #ifdef DO_DIFFIE_HELLMAN_GEX
     &ssh_diffiehellman_gex,
 #endif
     &ssh_diffiehellman };
 
-extern const struct ssh_signkey ssh_dss;
-extern const struct ssh_signkey ssh_rsa;
 const static struct ssh_signkey *hostkey_algs[] = { &ssh_rsa, &ssh_dss };
 
-extern const struct ssh_mac ssh_md5, ssh_sha1, ssh_sha1_buggy;
-
 static void nullmac_key(unsigned char *key) { }
 static void nullmac_generate(unsigned char *blk, int len, unsigned long seq) { }
 static int nullmac_verify(unsigned char *blk, int len, unsigned long seq) { return 1; }
@@ -283,6 +270,7 @@ static const struct ssh_compress *cscomp = NULL;
 static const struct ssh_compress *sccomp = NULL;
 static const struct ssh_kex *kex = NULL;
 static const struct ssh_signkey *hostkey = NULL;
+static unsigned char ssh2_session_id[20];
 int (*ssh_get_password)(const char *prompt, char *str, int maxlen) = NULL;
 
 static char *savedhost;
@@ -1047,6 +1035,14 @@ static unsigned long ssh2_pkt_getuint32(void) {
     pktin.savedpos += 4;
     return value;
 }
+static int ssh2_pkt_getbool(void) {
+    unsigned long value;
+    if (pktin.length - pktin.savedpos < 1)
+        return 0;                      /* arrgh, no way to decline (FIXME?) */
+    value = pktin.data[pktin.savedpos] != 0;
+    pktin.savedpos++;
+    return value;
+}
 static void ssh2_pkt_getstring(char **p, int *length) {
     *p = NULL;
     if (pktin.length - pktin.savedpos < 4)
@@ -1738,7 +1734,7 @@ static int do_ssh1_login(unsigned char *in, int inlen, int ispkt)
             static unsigned char buffer[32];
 
             tried_publickey = 1;
-            i = loadrsakey(cfg.keyfile, &pubkey, NULL, password);
+            i = loadrsakey(cfg.keyfile, &pubkey, password);
             if (i == 0) {
                 c_write("Couldn't load public key from ", 30);
                 c_write(cfg.keyfile, strlen(cfg.keyfile));
@@ -2200,7 +2196,6 @@ static int do_ssh2_transport(unsigned char *in, int inlen, int ispkt)
     static int hostkeylen, siglen;
     static void *hkey;                /* actual host key */
     static unsigned char exchange_hash[20];
-    static unsigned char first_exchange_hash[20];
     static unsigned char keyspace[40];
     static const struct ssh2_ciphers *preferred_cipher;
     static const struct ssh_compress *preferred_comp;
@@ -2543,18 +2538,18 @@ static int do_ssh2_transport(unsigned char *in, int inlen, int ispkt)
      * _first_ key exchange.
      */
     if (first_kex)
-       memcpy(first_exchange_hash, exchange_hash, sizeof(exchange_hash));
-    ssh2_mkkey(K, exchange_hash, first_exchange_hash, 'C', keyspace);
+       memcpy(ssh2_session_id, exchange_hash, sizeof(exchange_hash));
+    ssh2_mkkey(K, exchange_hash, ssh2_session_id, 'C', keyspace);
     cscipher->setcskey(keyspace);
-    ssh2_mkkey(K, exchange_hash, first_exchange_hash, 'D', keyspace);
+    ssh2_mkkey(K, exchange_hash, ssh2_session_id, 'D', keyspace);
     sccipher->setsckey(keyspace);
-    ssh2_mkkey(K, exchange_hash, first_exchange_hash, 'A', keyspace);
+    ssh2_mkkey(K, exchange_hash, ssh2_session_id, 'A', keyspace);
     cscipher->setcsiv(keyspace);
-    ssh2_mkkey(K, exchange_hash, first_exchange_hash, 'B', keyspace);
+    ssh2_mkkey(K, exchange_hash, ssh2_session_id, 'B', keyspace);
     sccipher->setsciv(keyspace);
-    ssh2_mkkey(K, exchange_hash, first_exchange_hash, 'E', keyspace);
+    ssh2_mkkey(K, exchange_hash, ssh2_session_id, 'E', keyspace);
     csmac->setcskey(keyspace);
-    ssh2_mkkey(K, exchange_hash, first_exchange_hash, 'F', keyspace);
+    ssh2_mkkey(K, exchange_hash, ssh2_session_id, 'F', keyspace);
     scmac->setsckey(keyspace);
 
     /*
@@ -2631,6 +2626,13 @@ static void do_ssh2_authconn(unsigned char *in, int inlen, int ispkt)
 {
     static unsigned long remote_winsize;
     static unsigned long remote_maxpkt;
+    static enum {
+       AUTH_INVALID, AUTH_PUBLICKEY_AGENT, AUTH_PUBLICKEY_FILE, AUTH_PASSWORD
+    } method;
+    static int gotit, need_pw, can_pubkey, can_passwd, tried_pubkey_config;
+    static char username[100];
+    static char pwprompt[200];
+    static char password[100];
 
     crBegin;
 
@@ -2647,22 +2649,15 @@ static void do_ssh2_authconn(unsigned char *in, int inlen, int ispkt)
     }
 
     /*
-     * FIXME: currently we support only password authentication.
-     * (This places us technically in violation of the SSH2 spec.
-     * We must fix this.)
+     * Get a username.
      */
-    while (1) {
-        /*
-         * Get a username and a password.
-         */
-       static char username[100];
-       static char password[100];
+    {
        static int pos = 0;
        static char c;
 
        if ((flags & FLAG_INTERACTIVE) && !*cfg.username) {
            c_write("login as: ", 10);
-            ssh_send_ok = 1;
+           ssh_send_ok = 1;
            while (pos >= 0) {
                crWaitUntilV(!ispkt);
                while (inlen--) switch (c = *in++) {
@@ -2688,7 +2683,7 @@ static void do_ssh2_authconn(unsigned char *in, int inlen, int ispkt)
                    break;
                  default:
                    if (((c >= ' ' && c <= '~') ||
-                         ((unsigned char)c >= 160)) && pos < 40) {
+                        ((unsigned char)c >= 160)) && pos < 40) {
                        username[pos++] = c;
                        c_write(&c, 1);
                    }
@@ -2701,106 +2696,296 @@ static void do_ssh2_authconn(unsigned char *in, int inlen, int ispkt)
            char stuff[200];
            strncpy(username, cfg.username, 99);
            username[99] = '\0';
-            if ((flags & FLAG_VERBOSE) || (flags & FLAG_INTERACTIVE)) {
+           if ((flags & FLAG_VERBOSE) || (flags & FLAG_INTERACTIVE)) {
                sprintf(stuff, "Using username \"%s\".\r\n", username);
                c_write(stuff, strlen(stuff));
            }
        }
+    }
 
-       if (ssh_get_password) {
-           char prompt[200];
-           sprintf(prompt, "%.90s@%.90s's password: ", username, savedhost);
-           if (!ssh_get_password(prompt, password, sizeof(password))) {
-                /*
-                 * get_password failed to get a password (for
-                 * example because one was supplied on the command
-                 * line which has already failed to work).
-                 * Terminate.
-                 */
-                logevent("No more passwords to try");
-                ssh_state = SSH_STATE_CLOSED;
-                crReturnV;
-            }
-       } else {
-            c_write("password: ", 10);
-            ssh_send_ok = 1;
+    /*
+     * Send an authentication request using method "none": (a)
+     * just in case it succeeds, and (b) so that we know what
+     * authentication methods we can usefully try next.
+     */
+    ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST);
+    ssh2_pkt_addstring(username);
+    ssh2_pkt_addstring("ssh-connection");   /* service requested */
+    ssh2_pkt_addstring("none");    /* method */
+    ssh2_pkt_send();
+    logevent("Attempting null authentication");
+    gotit = FALSE;
 
-            pos = 0;
-            while (pos >= 0) {
-                crWaitUntilV(!ispkt);
-                while (inlen--) switch (c = *in++) {
-                  case 10: case 13:
-                    password[pos] = 0;
-                    pos = -1;
-                    break;
-                  case 8: case 127:
-                    if (pos > 0)
-                        pos--;
-                    break;
-                  case 21: case 27:
-                    pos = 0;
-                    break;
-                  case 3: case 4:
-                    random_save_seed();
-                    exit(0);
-                    break;
-                  default:
-                    if (((c >= ' ' && c <= '~') ||
-                         ((unsigned char)c >= 160)) && pos < 40)
-                        password[pos++] = c;
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-            c_write("\r\n", 2);
+    while (1) {
+       /*
+        * Wait for the result of the last authentication request.
+        */
+       if (!gotit)
+           crWaitUntilV(ispkt);
+       while (pktin.type == SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_BANNER) {
+           /* FIXME: should support this */
+           crWaitUntilV(ispkt);
        }
-
-        /*
-         * We send the password packet lumped tightly together with
-         * an SSH_MSG_IGNORE packet. The IGNORE packet contains a
-         * string long enough to make the total length of the two
-         * packets constant. This should ensure that a passive
-         * listener doing traffic analyis can't work out the length
-         * of the password.
-         * 
-         * For this to work, we need an assumption about the
-         * maximum length of the password packet. I think 256 is
-         * pretty conservative. Anyone using a password longer than
-         * that probably doesn't have much to worry about from
-         * people who find out how long their password is!
-         */
-        ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST);
-        ssh2_pkt_addstring(username);
-        ssh2_pkt_addstring("ssh-connection");   /* service requested */
-        ssh2_pkt_addstring("password");
-        ssh2_pkt_addbool(FALSE);
-        ssh2_pkt_addstring(password);
-        ssh2_pkt_defer();
-        /*
-         * We'll include a string that's an exact multiple of the
-         * cipher block size. If the cipher is NULL for some
-         * reason, we don't do this trick at all because we gain
-         * nothing by it.
-         */
-        if (cscipher) {
-            int i, j;
-            ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_IGNORE);
-            ssh2_pkt_addstring_start();
-            for (i = deferred_len; i <= 256; i += cscipher->blksize) {
-                for (j = 0; j < cscipher->blksize; j++) {
-                    char c = (char)random_byte();
-                    ssh2_pkt_addstring_data(&c, 1);
-                }
-            }
-            ssh2_pkt_defer();
+        if (pktin.type == SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_SUCCESS) {
+           logevent("Access granted");
+           break;
         }
-        ssh2_pkt_defersend();
 
-        crWaitUntilV(ispkt);
-        if (pktin.type != SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_SUCCESS) {
-           c_write("Access denied\r\n", 15);
-           logevent("Authentication refused");
-        } else
-            break;
+       if (pktin.type != SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_FAILURE) {
+           bombout(("Strange packet received during authentication: type %d",
+                    pktin.type));
+       }
+
+       gotit = FALSE;
+
+       /*
+        * OK, we're now sitting on a USERAUTH_FAILURE message, so
+        * we can look at the string in it and know what we can
+        * helpfully try next.
+        */
+       {
+           char *methods;
+           int methlen;
+           ssh2_pkt_getstring(&methods, &methlen);
+           if (!ssh2_pkt_getbool()) {
+               /*
+                * FIXME: these messages are often inappropriate.
+                */
+               c_write("Access denied\r\n", 15);
+               logevent("Access denied");
+           } else {
+               c_write("Authentication partially successful\r\n", 37);
+               logevent("Authentication partially successful");
+           }
+
+           can_pubkey = in_commasep_string("publickey", methods, methlen);
+           can_passwd = in_commasep_string("password", methods, methlen);
+       }
+
+       method = 0;
+
+       if (!method && can_pubkey && *cfg.keyfile && !tried_pubkey_config) {
+           unsigned char *pub_blob;
+           char *algorithm, *comment;
+           int pub_blob_len;
+
+           tried_pubkey_config = TRUE;
+
+           /*
+            * Try the public key supplied in the configuration.
+            * 
+            * First, offer the public blob to see if the server is
+            * willing to accept it.
+            */
+           pub_blob = ssh2_userkey_loadpub(cfg.keyfile, &algorithm,
+                                           &pub_blob_len);
+           if (pub_blob) {
+               ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST);
+               ssh2_pkt_addstring(username);
+               ssh2_pkt_addstring("ssh-connection");   /* service requested */
+               ssh2_pkt_addstring("publickey");/* method */
+               ssh2_pkt_addbool(FALSE);   /* no signature included */
+               ssh2_pkt_addstring(algorithm);
+               ssh2_pkt_addstring_start();
+               ssh2_pkt_addstring_data(pub_blob, pub_blob_len);
+               ssh2_pkt_send();
+               logevent("Offered public key"); /* FIXME */
+
+               crWaitUntilV(ispkt);
+               if (pktin.type != SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_PK_OK) {
+                   gotit = TRUE;
+                   continue;          /* key refused; give up on it */
+               }
+
+               logevent("Offer of public key accepted");
+               /*
+                * Actually attempt a serious authentication using
+                * the key.
+                */
+               if (ssh2_userkey_encrypted(cfg.keyfile, &comment)) {
+                   sprintf(pwprompt, "Passphrase for key \"%.100s\": ", comment);
+                   need_pw = TRUE;
+               } else {
+                   need_pw = FALSE;
+               }
+               method = AUTH_PUBLICKEY_FILE;
+           }
+       }
+
+       if (!method && can_passwd) {
+           method = AUTH_PASSWORD;
+           sprintf(pwprompt, "%.90s@%.90s's password: ", username, savedhost);
+           need_pw = TRUE;
+       }
+
+       if (need_pw) {
+           if (ssh_get_password) {
+               if (!ssh_get_password(pwprompt, password, sizeof(password))) {
+                   /*
+                    * get_password failed to get a password (for
+                    * example because one was supplied on the command
+                    * line which has already failed to work).
+                    * Terminate.
+                    */
+                   logevent("No more passwords to try");
+                   ssh_state = SSH_STATE_CLOSED;
+                   crReturnV;
+               }
+           } else {
+               static int pos = 0;
+               static char c;
+
+               c_write(pwprompt, strlen(pwprompt));
+               ssh_send_ok = 1;
+
+               pos = 0;
+               while (pos >= 0) {
+                   crWaitUntilV(!ispkt);
+                   while (inlen--) switch (c = *in++) {
+                     case 10: case 13:
+                       password[pos] = 0;
+                       pos = -1;
+                       break;
+                     case 8: case 127:
+                       if (pos > 0)
+                           pos--;
+                       break;
+                     case 21: case 27:
+                       pos = 0;
+                       break;
+                     case 3: case 4:
+                       random_save_seed();
+                       exit(0);
+                       break;
+                     default:
+                       if (((c >= ' ' && c <= '~') ||
+                            ((unsigned char)c >= 160)) && pos < 40)
+                           password[pos++] = c;
+                       break;
+                   }
+               }
+               c_write("\r\n", 2);
+           }
+       }
+
+       if (method == AUTH_PUBLICKEY_FILE) {
+           /*
+            * We have our passphrase. Now try the actual authentication.
+            */
+           struct ssh2_userkey *key;
+
+           key = ssh2_load_userkey(cfg.keyfile, password);
+           if (key == SSH2_WRONG_PASSPHRASE) {
+               c_write("Wrong passphrase\r\n", 18);
+               tried_pubkey_config = FALSE;
+               /* Send a spurious AUTH_NONE to return to the top. */
+               ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST);
+               ssh2_pkt_addstring(username);
+               ssh2_pkt_addstring("ssh-connection");   /* service requested */
+               ssh2_pkt_addstring("none");    /* method */
+               ssh2_pkt_send();
+           } else if (key == NULL) {
+               c_write("Unable to load private key\r\n",28);
+               tried_pubkey_config = TRUE;
+               /* Send a spurious AUTH_NONE to return to the top. */
+               ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST);
+               ssh2_pkt_addstring(username);
+               ssh2_pkt_addstring("ssh-connection");   /* service requested */
+               ssh2_pkt_addstring("none");    /* method */
+               ssh2_pkt_send();
+           } else {
+               unsigned char *blob, *sigdata;
+               int blob_len, sigdata_len;
+
+               /*
+                * We have loaded the private key and the server
+                * has announced that it's willing to accept it.
+                * Hallelujah. Generate a signature and send it.
+                */
+               ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST);
+               ssh2_pkt_addstring(username);
+               ssh2_pkt_addstring("ssh-connection");   /* service requested */
+               ssh2_pkt_addstring("publickey");    /* method */
+               ssh2_pkt_addbool(TRUE);
+               ssh2_pkt_addstring(key->alg->name);
+               blob = key->alg->public_blob(key->data, &blob_len);
+               ssh2_pkt_addstring_start();
+               ssh2_pkt_addstring_data(blob, blob_len);
+               sfree(blob);
+
+               /*
+                * The data to be signed is:
+                * 
+                *   string  session-id
+                * 
+                * followed by everything so far placed in the
+                * outgoing packet.
+                */
+               sigdata_len = pktout.length - 5 + 4 + 20;
+               sigdata = smalloc(sigdata_len);
+               PUT_32BIT(sigdata, 20);
+               memcpy(sigdata+4, ssh2_session_id, 20);
+               memcpy(sigdata+24, pktout.data+5, pktout.length-5);
+               blob = key->alg->sign(key->data, sigdata, sigdata_len, &blob_len);
+               ssh2_pkt_addstring_start();
+               ssh2_pkt_addstring_data(blob, blob_len);
+               sfree(blob);
+               sfree(sigdata);
+
+               ssh2_pkt_send();
+           }
+       } else if (method == AUTH_PASSWORD) {
+           /*
+            * We send the password packet lumped tightly together with
+            * an SSH_MSG_IGNORE packet. The IGNORE packet contains a
+            * string long enough to make the total length of the two
+            * packets constant. This should ensure that a passive
+            * listener doing traffic analyis can't work out the length
+            * of the password.
+            *
+            * For this to work, we need an assumption about the
+            * maximum length of the password packet. I think 256 is
+            * pretty conservative. Anyone using a password longer than
+            * that probably doesn't have much to worry about from
+            * people who find out how long their password is!
+            */
+           ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST);
+           ssh2_pkt_addstring(username);
+           ssh2_pkt_addstring("ssh-connection");   /* service requested */
+           ssh2_pkt_addstring("password");
+           ssh2_pkt_addbool(FALSE);
+           ssh2_pkt_addstring(password);
+           ssh2_pkt_defer();
+           /*
+            * We'll include a string that's an exact multiple of the
+            * cipher block size. If the cipher is NULL for some
+            * reason, we don't do this trick at all because we gain
+            * nothing by it.
+            */
+           if (cscipher) {
+               int i, j;
+               ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_IGNORE);
+               ssh2_pkt_addstring_start();
+               for (i = deferred_len; i <= 256; i += cscipher->blksize) {
+                   for (j = 0; j < cscipher->blksize; j++) {
+                       char c = (char)random_byte();
+                       ssh2_pkt_addstring_data(&c, 1);
+                   }
+               }
+               ssh2_pkt_defer();
+           }
+           ssh2_pkt_defersend();
+       } else {
+           c_write("No supported authentication methods left to try!\r\n", 50);
+           logevent("No supported authentications offered. Disconnecting");
+           ssh2_pkt_init(SSH2_MSG_DISCONNECT);
+           ssh2_pkt_adduint32(SSH2_DISCONNECT_BY_APPLICATION);
+           ssh2_pkt_addstring("No supported authentication methods available");
+           ssh2_pkt_addstring("en");   /* language tag */
+           ssh2_pkt_send();
+           ssh_state = SSH_STATE_CLOSED;
+           crReturnV;
+       }
     }
 
     /*