-\versionid $Id: faq.but,v 1.61 2004/02/23 19:10:43 jacob Exp $
+\define{versionidfaq} \versionid $Id$
\A{faq} PuTTY FAQ
\H{faq-intro} Introduction
-\S{faq-what} What is PuTTY?
+\S{faq-what}{Question} What is PuTTY?
PuTTY is a client program for the SSH, Telnet and Rlogin network
protocols.
the Terminal panel, in the section marked \q{Line discipline
options}.
+\S{faq-savedsettings}{Question} Does PuTTY support storing settings,
+so I don't have to change them every time?
+
+Yes, all of PuTTY's settings can be saved in named session profiles.
+See \k{config-saving} in the documentation for how to do this.
+
\S{faq-disksettings}{Question} Does PuTTY support storing its
settings in a disk file?
If you have host keys available in the common \c{known_hosts} format,
we have a script called
-\W{http://cvs.tartarus.org/putty/contrib/kh2reg.py}\c{kh2reg.py}
+\W{http://www.tartarus.org/~simon-anonsvn/viewcvs.cgi/putty/contrib/kh2reg.py?view=markup}\c{kh2reg.py}
to convert them to a Windows .REG file, which can be installed ahead of
time by double-clicking or using \c{REGEDIT}.
present time. If anyone told you we had an EPOC port, or an iPaq port,
or any other port of PuTTY, they were mistaken. We don't.
+There are some third-party ports to various platforms, mentioned
+on the Links page of our website.
+
\S{faq-unix}{Question} Is there a port to Unix?
As of 0.54, there are Unix ports of most of the traditional PuTTY
clearly be a useful thing, so in the long term I hope it can be
brought up to release quality.
-There's a also third-party port at
-\W{http://pocketputty.aleq.cz/}\c{http://pocketputty.aleq.cz/}.
+There's also a third-party port at
+\W{http://pocketputty.duxy.net/}\c{http://pocketputty.duxy.net/}.
\S{faq-win31}{Question} Is there a port to Windows 3.1?
There is a port to the Mac OS in progress. It's just about usable, but
has an awful lot of gaps and rough edges that will need cleaning up
-before release.
+before release (such as useful random numbers).
+
+A separate port to Mac OS X is also underway.
\S{faq-epoc}{Question} Will there be a port to EPOC?
However, some of the work has been done by other people, and a beta
port of PuTTY for the Nokia 9200 Communicator series is available
-from \W{http://www.s2.org/putty/}\cw{http://www.s2.org/putty/}
+from \W{http://s2putty.sourceforge.net/}\cw{http://s2putty.sourceforge.net/}
\H{faq-embedding} Embedding PuTTY in other programs
\S{faq-settings}{Question} Where does PuTTY store its data?
-PuTTY stores most of its data (saved sessions, SSH host keys) in the
-Registry. The precise location is
+On Windows, PuTTY stores most of its data (saved sessions, SSH host
+keys) in the Registry. The precise location is
\c HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\SimonTatham\PuTTY
\c HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\SimonTatham\PuTTY\RandSeedFile
+On Unix, PuTTY stores all of this data in a directory \cw{~/.putty}.
+
\H{faq-howto} HOWTO questions
\S{faq-startmax}{Question} How can I make PuTTY start up maximised?
You can also paste by pressing Shift-Ins.
-\S{faq-tunnels}{Question} How do I use X forwarding and port
-forwarding? I can't find the Tunnels panel.
-
-This is a new feature in version 0.52. You should upgrade.
-
\S{faq-options}{Question} How do I use all PuTTY's features (public
keys, proxying, cipher selection, etc.) in PSCP, PSFTP and Plink?
the
\W{http://www.microsoft.com/windows95/downloads/contents/wuadmintools/s_wunetworkingtools/w95sockets2/}{WinSock 2 upgrade}:
-\c http://www.microsoft.com/windows95/downloads/contents/wuadmintools/
-\c s_wunetworkingtools/w95sockets2/
-
-\S{faq-rekey}{Question} My PuTTY sessions close after an hour and
-tell me \q{Server failed host key check}.
-
-This is a bug in all versions of PuTTY up to and including 0.51. SSH
-v2 servers from \cw{ssh.com} will require the key exchange to be
-repeated one hour after the start of the connection, and PuTTY will
-get this wrong.
-
-Upgrade to version 0.52 or better and the problem should go away.
+\c http://www.microsoft.com/windows95/downloads/contents/
+\c wuadmintools/s_wunetworkingtools/w95sockets2/
\S{faq-outofmem}{Question} After trying to establish an SSH 2
connection, PuTTY says \q{Out of memory} and dies.
You almost certainly need to enable the \q{Use background colour to
erase screen} setting in the Terminal panel. Note that if you do
-this in mid-session, it may not take effect until you reset the
-terminal (see \k{faq-resetterm}).
+this in mid-session, in versions before 0.54, it may not take effect
+until you reset the terminal (see \k{faq-resetterm}).
\S{faq-resetterm}{Question} When I change some terminal settings,
nothing happens.
In version 0.54, the behaviour has changed - changes to these
settings take effect immediately.
-\S{faq-altgr}{Question} I can't type characters that require the
-AltGr key.
-
-In PuTTY version 0.51, the AltGr key was broken. Upgrade to version
-0.52 or better.
-
\S{faq-idleout}{Question} My PuTTY sessions unexpectedly close after
they are idle for a while.
can't be set on per application or per session basis. To increase
the TCP timeout globally, you need to tinker with the Registry.
-On Windows 95, 98 or ME, the registry key you need to change is
+On Windows 95, 98 or ME, the registry key you need to create or
+change is
\c HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\VxD\
\c MSTCP\MaxDataRetries
(it must be of type DWORD in Win95, or String in Win98/ME).
+(See MS Knowledge Base article
+\W{http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;158474}{158474}
+for more information.)
On Windows NT or 2000, the registry key is
\c Parameters\TcpMaxDataRetransmissions
and it must be of type DWORD.
+(See MS Knowledge Base article
+\W{http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;120642}{120642}
+for more information.)
Set the key's value to something like 10. This will cause Windows to
try harder to keep connections alive instead of abandoning them.
the alternate screen, and previous versions of PuTTY did not support
this sequence.
+\S{faq-alternate-localhost}{Question} Since I upgraded Windows XP
+to Service Pack 2, I can't use addresses like \cw{127.0.0.2}.
+
+Some people who ask PuTTY to listen on localhost addresses other
+than \cw{127.0.0.1} to forward services such as SMB and Windows
+Terminal Services have found that doing so no longer works since
+they upgraded to WinXP SP2.
+
+This is apparently an issue with SP2 that is acknowledged by Microsoft
+in MS Knowledge Base article
+\W{http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;884020}{884020}.
+The article links to a fix you can download.
+
+(\e{However}, we've been told that SP2 \e{also} fixes the bug that
+means you need to use non-\cw{127.0.0.1} addresses to forward
+Terminal Services in the first place.)
+
+\S{faq-missing-slash}{Question} PSFTP commands seem to be missing a
+directory separator (slash).
+
+Some people have reported the following incorrect behaviour with
+PSFTP:
+
+\c psftp> pwd
+\e iii
+\c Remote directory is /dir1/dir2
+\c psftp> get filename.ext
+\e iiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
+\c /dir1/dir2filename.ext: no such file or directory
+
+This is not a bug in PSFTP. There is a known bug in some versions of
+portable OpenSSH
+(\W{http://bugzilla.mindrot.org/show_bug.cgi?id=697}{bug 697}) that
+causes these symptoms; it appears to have been introduced around
+3.7.x. It manifests only on certain platforms (AIX is what has been
+reported to us).
+
+There is a patch for OpenSSH attached to that bug; it's also fixed in
+recent versions of portable OpenSSH (from around 3.8).
+
\H{faq-secure} Security questions
\S{faq-publicpc}{Question} Is it safe for me to download PuTTY and
way we did - by being good enough at what you do that people will
link to you simply because they like you.
+In particular, we aren't interested in trading links for money (see
+above), and we \e{certainly} aren't interested in trading links for
+other links (since we have no advertising on our web site, our
+Google ranking is not even directly worth anything to us). If we
+don't want to link to you for free, then we probably won't want to
+link to you at all.
+
If you have software based on PuTTY, or specifically designed to
interoperate with PuTTY, or in some other way of genuine interest to
PuTTY users, then we will probably be happy to add a link to you on
Also, security reasons. PuTTY is a security product, and as such it
is particularly important to guard the code and the web site against
unauthorised modifications which might introduce subtle security
-flaws. Therefore, we prefer that the CVS repository, web site and
+flaws. Therefore, we prefer that the Subversion repository, web site and
FTP site remain where they are, under the direct control of system
administrators we know and trust personally, rather than being run
by a large organisation full of people we've never met and which is
If someone else wants to set up a mailing list or other forum for
PuTTY users to help each other with common problems, that would be
fine with us, though the PuTTY team would almost certainly not have the
-time to read it. It's probably better to use the established
-newsgroup \cw{comp.security.ssh} for this purpose.
+time to read it. It's probably better to use one of the established
+newsgroups for this purpose (see \k{feedback-other-fora}).
\S{faq-donations}{Question} How can I donate to PuTTY development?
Having said all that, if you still really \e{want} to give us money,
we won't argue :-) The easiest way for us to accept donations is if
-you go to \W{http://www.e-gold.com}\cw{www.e-gold.com}, and deposit
-your donation in account number 174769. Then send us e-mail to let
-us know you've done so (otherwise we might not notice for months!).
-Alternatively, if e-gold isn't convenient for you, you can donate to
-\cw{<anakin@pobox.com>} using PayPal
-(\W{http://www.paypal.com/}\cw{www.paypal.com}).
+you send money to \cw{<anakin@pobox.com>} using PayPal
+(\W{http://www.paypal.com/}\cw{www.paypal.com}). Alternatively, if
+you don't trust PayPal, you could donate through e-gold
+(\W{http://www.e-gold.com}\cw{www.e-gold.com}): deposit your
+donation in account number 174769, then send us e-mail to let us
+know you've done so (otherwise we might not notice for months!).
Small donations (tens of dollars or tens of euros) will probably be
spent on beer or curry, which helps motivate our volunteer team to
something worthwhile, ask us first. If you don't like these terms,
feel perfectly free not to donate. We don't mind.
+\S{faq-permission}{Question} Can I have permission to put PuTTY on a
+cover disk / distribute it with other software / etc?
+
+Yes. You need not bother asking us explicitly for permission. You
+already have permission. Redistribution of the unmodified PuTTY
+binary in this way is entirely permitted by our licence (see
+\k{licence}), and you are welcome to do it as much as you like.
+
+If you are distributing PuTTY within your own organisation, or for
+use with your own product, then we recommend (but do not insist)
+that you offer your own first-line technical support, to answer
+questions directly relating to the interaction of PuTTY with your
+particular environment. If your users mail us directly, we won't be
+able to give them very much help about things specific to your own
+setup.
+
\H{faq-misc} Miscellaneous questions
\S{faq-openssh}{Question} Is PuTTY a port of OpenSSH, or based on
projects / u / mdw / putty / blobdiff